Structural validity of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale in patients with schizophrenia in Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: The Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) is a commonly employed instrument for measuring self-esteem in the general population and those with mental illness. However, confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to determine the structural validity of the RSES for schizophrenia patients in Indonesia are limited. OBJECTIVES: We examined the structural validity of the RSES as a measurement for patients with schizophrenia in Indonesia through confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), as well as assessing internal consistency and reliability. METHODS: The sample comprised 260 participants. Over two weeks, 30 subjects were added to investigate test-retest reliability. The structural validity analyzed was based on a CFA to determine the model fit. We used internal consistency (Ordinal alpha) to evaluate the reliability evidence. RESULTS: Four different models were analyzed in this study. Considering the single-factor model (Model 1a), the overall fit criteria were inadequate. However, after some modification indices, all fit criteria were significantly adequate (Model 1b). The adequacy of all fit standards remained satisfactory when the two-factor model (Model 2) and hierarchical model (Model 3) were applied. The RSES had an ordinal alpha coefficient of 0.75. While 0.89 and 0.88 for the positive and negative self-esteem subscale, respectively. Test-retest reliability yielded adequate results with an interclass correlation score ranging from 0.87 to 0.93. CONCLUSIONS: The current investigation provided evidence supporting the structural validity, internal consistency, and reliability of the RSES, indicating that the RSES can be considered a valid and reliable measurement. A two-factor model of RSES was an appropriate model to measure self-esteem in our study. This finding suggests that the use of the RSES is beneficial and applicable in assessing levels of self-esteem in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in Indonesia.

Prevalence of sleep disturbance among adolescents with substance use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Sleep disturbance has become a major challenge among adolescents worldwide. Substance use is among the most common factors contributing to sleep disturbance. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence and categories of sleep disturbance among adolescents with substance use. METHODS: We comprehensively searched for relevant studies published in the following databases from inception to August 2022: CINHAL (via EBSCOhost), PubMed, Scopus, Ovid Medline, Embase, ProQuest, and Web of Science. Data analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3 software. We used a random-effects model to pool prevalence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Forest plots and p values for the Cochran Q statistic were used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to compare the groups and identify the sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS: We examined 18 studies that reported insomnia, hypersomnolence, sleep-related breathing disorders as sleep disturbances among adolescents with the use of alcohol, smoking, marijuana, and coffee. The total sample was 124,554. The overall prevalence rate of sleep disturbance was 29% (95% CI: 0.201-0.403). Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence rates of insomnia and hypersomnolence were higher among alcohol users (31%; 95% CI: 0.100-0.654) and smokers (46%; 95% CI: 0.232-0.700). The study design and method of assessment groups were the significant moderators that showed the source of variation in the included studies. CONCLUSION: Sleep disturbance is highly prevalent among adolescents with substance use. Insomnia and hypersomnolence are more prevalent among alcohol users and smokers, respectively. On the basis of our findings, health-care providers can develop effective targeted interventions to reduce substance use, prevent sleep disturbance, and promote healthy sleep habits among adolescents.

Development and validation of the World Health Organization disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) Indonesian version in stroke survivors.

PURPOSE: Stroke is the third most common cause of disability worldwide. In order to effectively study the disability status experienced by stroke survivors, it is important to identify reliable and valid tools to measure disability that can be administered to this population. No previous study had been conducted on the Indonesian version of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 for stroke survivors in Indonesia. METHODS: Following translation and back-translation, the Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 was administered to 183 stroke survivors. We used all six domains of the WHODAS 2.0, with the exception of four items of "work or school activities" in domain 5. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha, the inter-rater reliability was measured by interclass correlations (ICCs), and the construct validity was tested with an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). RESULTS: The range of Cronbach's alpha was 0.86-0.92, which indicated excellent reliability, and ICC was very good at 0.87-0.99. The EFA and CFA for the main 32-item questionnaire exhibited a total variance of 95% (KMO) and a p value of <0.05. The factor loadings per items were >0.4, and all the model fit indices were acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: The WHODAS 2.0 was adapted for use in Indonesia and showed good results for all six domains. Therefore, the Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 can be applied to assess disability in Indonesian stroke survivors.Implications for rehabilitationThe WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) was developed as a single, generic instrument for assessing the health status and disability in different cultures and settings.In this study, we adapted and validated an Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 for stroke survivors in Indonesia.The WHODAS 2.0 was adapted for use in Indonesia and showed good results for all six domains.The Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 can be applied to assess disability in Indonesian stroke survivors.

Psychometric properties of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) Scale in Indonesia.

Objective: The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale is widely used to examine internalized stigma among people with mental illness. However, an Indonesian version does not yet exist. We developed an Indonesian translation of the ISMI scale and assessed its psychometric properties. Method: We included 280 inpatients with mental illness diagnoses in 2 hospitals and a rehabilitation center. We followed the guidelines proposed by Sousa and Rojjanasrirat (2011) to translate the questionnaire. The reliability was evaluated by measuring the internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest reliability. Test validity was measured through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to examine the structure of the scale and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to determine the model fits. Results: The EFA yielded 5 factors with Cronbach's alpha coefficients of .96 for the total scale and .95, .95, .93, .94, and .82 for the 5 subscales. The test-retest reliability indicated excellent results, demonstrated by the interclass correlation coefficient ranging between .76 and .92 for all ISMI scale items. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test statistic was 0.95, and Bartlett's test of sphericity value was significant. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: The CFA indicated that the ISMI scale has an acceptable model fit. The Indonesian version of the ISMI scale demonstrated good psychometric properties for measuring internalized stigma of psychiatric patients in Indonesia. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Indonesian Residents toward COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic. We examined the KAP's relationship with factors associated with practice toward the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This cross-sectional survey study was conducted between March and April 2020 and included 1033 participants. Knowledge scores of COVID-19 were positively associated with wearing a mask when leaving home (odds ratio (OR): 1.22, p < 0.05). Although men had a lower knowledge score, they were less likely to go to a crowded place compared with women (OR: 0.79, p < 0.05). However, women (OR: 1.25, p < 0.05) were more likely than men to wear a mask when leaving home. Furthermore, men (OR: 3.32, p < 0.05) were more likely than women to have a positive attitude toward COVID-19. Indonesian residents had satisfactory knowledge, demonstrated a positive attitude, and followed appropriate practices toward the pandemic. More educated individuals had a more positive attitude. Men and women differed with respect to their knowledge-based practices. Men were less likely to go to crowded places, and women were more likely to wear a mask when leaving home. Furthermore, men were more likely to wear a mask when leaving home than women when men had the attitude that Indonesia can win against COVID-19.

A new neutron single-crystal diffractometer dedicated for biological macromolecules (BIX-4).

A new neutron single-crystal diffractometer (BIX-4) has been constructed at 1G-B port of JRR-3M in JAERI. Since at 1G-B port another diffractometer for biology, BIX-3, and a high-resolution powder diffractometer (HRPD) coexist, the monochromator house needed to be reconstructed. The main architecture of BIX-4 is based on that of BIX-3. BIX-4 uses an elastically-bent perfect-Si crystal monochromator and neutron imaging plates as BIX-3. In addition, several optimizations of the monochromator and modifications from previous BIX-3 are carried out. The final gain of the neutron intensity at the detector position is estimated to be 2.5 times larger than previous BIX-3. That higher performance increases the opportunities to apply neutron crystallography to biological macromolecules which give only weak reflections and/or small crystals.