RESUMO
Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) during pregnancy is of key reproductive health concern as it is associated with various risks linked to severe intrapartum complications. This study assessed the prevalence and the correlates of intimate partner sexual violence among pregnant women in Napak district, Northeastern Uganda. This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 284 pregnant women who were obtained by systematic sampling in Napak district between November and December 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data, and this was analyzed using STATA version 15. The correlates of IPSV were determined at a multivariable level using a Poisson regression model with robust variance at the individual, relationship, and societal levels of the socio-ecological model. The study enrolled 284 pregnant women of whom, 65.5% were aged between 18 and 28 years and 62.0% were not formally educated. Also, 56% of the pregnant women had experienced IPSV during their current pregnancies, the most prevalent form (35.6%) being unwanted sexual advances. Factors of women being in their third or subsequent pregnancies, primiparity, women who rated their communication with their partners as low, being in a relationship for less than five years, lower age of the spouse, and a lower level of education (primary) among women showed a statistical association with IPSV. This study reports a high prevalence of IPSV during pregnancy, and it was associated with individual, relationship, and societal factors. Based on this, concerted efforts through sensitization on the dangers of IPSV are required to avert the practice.
RESUMO
Introduction: The expanding practice of internet-based antibiotic self-medication raises public health concerns as it increases antibiotic resistance and introduces avoidable risks. This study aims to examine the utility of internet-enabled antibiotic self-medication and its associated factors among patients attending private clinics in Kawempe division in Kampala Capital City, Uganda. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study that enrolled participants attending private clinics in Kawempe Division's randomly selected zones. These were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using STATA version 12 software. Logistic regression analysis was used, and variables with p ≤ 0.05 were considered as significantly associated with internet-enabled antibiotic self-medication. Results: Out of the 313 respondents, 246 (79%) reportedly had ever used internet sources to self-medicate with antibiotics. Factors such as being male; single; had knowledge of antibiotics; believed that Internet should be used for antibiotic self-medication; Distance to the nearest medical center/hospital from your residence/workplace of about 5 km and residing near a drug shop/pharmacy that gives antibiotics without a prescription increased internet-enabled antibiotic self-medication. Furthermore, the variables of more than three household members; common practice of antibiotic self-medication in a household; did not agree that one can recover from the illness without a doctor's prescription and medical workers who did not explain adequately the antibiotics medication given for the illness decreased internet-enabled antibiotic self-medication. Conclusion: This study found that internet-enabled antibiotic self-medication practice is highly utilized and is associated with a variety of individual, household, and healthcare system factors. This necessitates strict adherence to national drug policy regulations governing antibiotic use. Furthermore, community health education is critical in combating such medication practices.