Nurses' Experiences of Care in Portuguese Nursing Homes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Focus Group Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable influence on long-term care facilities, exposing the shortcomings of nursing homes in implementing recommendations by health authorities. It also emphasizes the need for a nursing management model customized to the vulnerable status of residents, organizational demands, and occupational nursing requirements. We aimed to characterize the perspectives of nurses who have experienced COVID-19 in nursing homes regarding measures implemented to avoid or manage outbreaks in that environment. An interview was conducted with a focus group following the consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative research guidelines. Data analysis was performed using WebQDA software following a thematic category orientation. Eight Portuguese nurses working in nursing homes from the country's central area participated in this study. We identified three major significant areas for long-term care respiratory outbreak management: strategic (policy, staffing, and resources); tactical (training, organization, engagement, and supervision); and operational planning (vigilance, prevention of disease spread, and family involvement). From the participants' view, the management of COVID-19 in nursing homes must be highly supportive and responsive, offering resources to control risks, supporting residents' care, and ensuring the safety and well-being of residents and staff members. Saturation was not reached; thus, further research is needed in this area.

Prevalência de diabetes mellitus e fatores associados em adultos: inquérito de base populacional / Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and associated factors in adults: population-based survey

Estimar a prevalência de diabetes mellitus e os fatores associados em adultos. Trata-se de um inquérito realizado com 1.637 indivíduos nas zonas urbana e rural do município de Rio Branco, Acre. Diabetes foi definido pela presença de glicemia no plasma em jejum ≥ 126 mg/dl ou utilização de hipoglicemiante oral ou insulina. Medidas de associação foram estimadas por regressão logística hierarquizada. A prevalência de diabetes foi de 6,5% (n = 202). Após análise, a chance de ser diabético esteve independente e positivamente associada a idade ≥ 60 anos (OR: 6,67; IC95%: 1,83-24,30); história familiar de diabetes mellitus (OR: 2,88; IC95%: 1,43-5,81); circunferência da cintura aumentada (OR: 1,83; IC95%:1,01-3,33); dislipidemia (OR: 2,95; IC95%: 1,34-6,49); anemia (OR: 3,15; IC95%: 1,30-7,60); e doença renal crônica (DRC) (OR: 4,00; IC95%: 1,70-9,33). Foi detectada uma prevalência de 6,5%, estando o diabetes associado com idade, história familiar, anemia e DRC. Indica-se a necessidade do adequado rastreio de comorbidades nesses pacientes.

To estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and associated factors in adults.Survey carried out with 1,637 individuals in urban and rural areas of the municipality of Rio Branco, state of Acre. Diabetes was defined by the presence of fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl or the use of oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. Association measures were estimated by hierarchical logistic regression.The prevalence of diabetes was 6.5% (n = 202). After analysis, the chance of being diabetic was independently and positively associated with age ≥ 60 years (OR: 6.67; 95%CI: 1.83-24.30); family history of diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.88; 95%CI: 1.43-5.81); increased waist circumference (OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.01-3.33); dyslipidemia (OR: 2.95; 95%CI: 1.34-6.49); anemia (OR: 3.15; 95%CI: 1.30-7.60); and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR: 4.00; 95%CI: 1.70-9.33). A prevalence of 6.5% was detected, with diabetes associated with age, family history, anemia, and CKD. The need for adequate screening of comorbidities in these patients is indicated.

Genetic diversity of Macroptilium accessions considering the increase in air temperature

Climate changes can influence the genetic diversity of forage plants, which may contribute to the improvement and development of new species. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the influence of temperature increase on the genetic diversity of Macroptilium accessions based on morphoagronomic descriptors. The experiment was carried out in a growth chamber in a 2×16 factorial arrangement (temperature regimes x Macroptilium accessions), with the temperatures consisting of T1 (20­26­33 °C) and T2 (24.8­30.8­37.8 °C) and 16 accessions. Eleven morphoagronomic descriptors allowed estimating the diversity among accessions. The measurements of genetic dissimilarity enabled us to observe the genetic distance between the studied materials, standing out the accessions T1.M3 and T2.S4 as the most divergent (446.01). The morphoagronomic descriptors percentage of leaves and stem diameter were the most efficient for estimating the diversity between access. Genetic variability points to the adaptation of Macroptilium accessions in the climate change scenario. The accessions more divergent can be explored in genetic breeding programs for the species aiming at the expansion of genetic variability as an adaptation mechanism to heat stress.

O exercício físico na reabilitação cardiopulmonar pós-covid-19 / Physical exercise in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation post- covid-19 / Ejercicio físico en la rehabilitación cardiopulmonar post- covid-19

O estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a eficácia do exercício físico como ferramenta na reabilitação da capacidade cardiopulmonar de indivíduos pós-covid mediante ao esforço físico. Consistiu em uma pesquisa sistemática de literatura, com abordagem qualitativa, nas bases de dados "Pubmed" e "Scielo" utilizando os descritores "covid-19 and social determinants of health", "covid-19 and physical exercise", "covid- 19 and rehabilitation", "sars-cov-2 and pathophysiology" e "post covid-19". O SARS- CoV-2 faz parte da família dos coronavírus (CoV), sua transmissão acontece principalmente de pessoa para pessoa por meio de gotículas respiratórias. A pandemia causou efeitos avassaladores nas estruturas sociais, nas populações e na economia, e com o isolamento social desencadeou diversos processos de adoecimento físico e mental. A covid afeta diretamente o sistema respiratório, pode comprometer também outras funções orgânicas, podendo obter melhoras através da reabilitação cardiopulmonar. O exercício físico desempenha papel fundamental no processo de reabilitação cardiopulmonar de indivíduos pós infecção pelo vírus da covid-19, acelerando a retomada das atividades de vida diária e consequentemente melhorando sua qualidade de vida.

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of physical exercise as a tool to rehabilitate cardiopulmonary capacity of post-covid individuals under physical exertion. It consisted of a systematic literature search, with qualitative approach, in the "Pubmed" and "Scielo" databases using the descriptors "covid-19 and social determinants of health", "covid-19 and physical exercise", "covid-19 and rehabilitation", "sars-cov-2 and pathophysiology" and "post covid-19". SARS-CoV-2 is part of the coronavirus (CoV) family, and is mainly transmitted from person to person via respiratory droplets. The pandemic has had devastating effects on social structures, populations, and the economy, and with social isolation has triggered various physical and mental illness processes. The covid directly affects the respiratory system; it can also compromise other organic functions, and improvements can be achieved through cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. Physical exercise plays a key role in the process of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation of individuals post infection by the covid-19 virus, accelerating the resumption of activities of daily living and consequently improving their quality of life.

El estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia del ejercicio físico como herramienta en la rehabilitación de la capacidad cardiopulmonar de individuos post-covid a través del esfuerzo físico. Consistió en una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática, con enfoque cualitativo, en las bases de datos "Pubmed" y "Scielo" utilizando los descriptores "covid-19 and social determinants of health", "covid-19 and physical exercise", "covid- 19 and rehabilitation", "sars-cov-2 and pathophysiology" y "post covid-19". El SARS- CoV-2 pertenece a la familia de los coronavirus (CoV) y se transmite principalmente de persona a persona a través de las gotitas respiratorias. La pandemia ha tenido efectos devastadores en las estructuras sociales, la población y la economía, y con el aislamiento social ha desencadenado diversos procesos de enfermedad física y mental. El covid afecta directamente al sistema respiratorio, también puede comprometer otras funciones orgánicas, y se pueden conseguir mejoras mediante la rehabilitación cardiopulmonar. El ejercicio físico desempeña un papel clave en el proceso de rehabilitación cardiopulmonar de los individuos tras la infección por el virus covid-19, acelerando la reanudación de las actividades de la vida diaria y, en consecuencia, mejorando su calidad de vida.

Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of the First Tryptophyllin Found in Snake Venom (Bothrops moojeni).

In this study, we report the isolation, characterization, and synthesis of the peptide BmT-2 belonging to the tryptophyllins family, isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops moojeni. This is the first time a tryptophyllin is identified in snake venom. We tested whether BmT-2 had cytotoxic effects and antioxidant activity in a set of experiments that included both in vitro and cell-based assays. BmT-2 presented a radical scavenging activity toward ABTS• and AAPH-derived radicals. BmT-2 protected fluorescein, DNA molecules, and human red blood cells (RBCs) from free radicals generated by the thermal decomposition of AAPH. The novel tryptophyllin was not toxic in cell viability tests, where it (up to 0.4 mg/mL) did not cause hemolysis of human RBCs and did not cause significant loss of cell viability, showing a CC50 > 1.5 mM for cytotoxic effects against SK-N-BE(2) neuroblastoma cells. BmT-2 prevented the arsenite-induced upregulation of Nrf2 in Neuro-2a neuroblasts and the phorbol myristate acetate-induced overgeneration of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in SK-N-BE(2) neuroblastoma cells. Electronic structure calculations and full atomistic reactive molecular dynamics simulations revealed the relevant contribution of aromatic residues in BmT-2 to its antioxidant properties. Our study presents a novel peptide classified into the family of the tryptophyllins, which has been reported exclusively in amphibians. Despite the promising results on its antioxidant activity and low cytotoxicity, the mechanisms of action of BmT-2 still need to be further elucidated.

Conhecimentos e práticas de esporte de estudantes do ensino médio das regionais do estado do Acre / Sports knowledge and practices of high school students in the regions of the state of Acre

Este estudo visa descrever os conhecimentos e práticas de esporte de estudantes do ensino médio. A problematização baseia-se em como estão sendo percebidas essas práticas e os conhecimentos esportivos dos estudantes das instituições federais do Acre. É um estudo transversal do tipo descritivo e exploratório, com utilização de questionário estruturado, validado por um painel de especialistas. Os respondentes do estudo foram 674 estudantes. Os resultados apontam que os participantes reconhecem a importância do esporte para a melhoria de vários aspectos de sua vida, no entanto, uma grande parcela não realiza atividades esportivas nos horários de folga. O principal motivo referenciado para não praticar esporte fora da escola foi a falta de tempo. Entre os que praticam esporte no tempo livre, os motivos foram a melhora no desempenho físico e ser um hábito saudável, e as modalidades mais praticadas são o futebol e o futsal.

This study aims to describe the knowledge and sports practices of high school students. The problematization is based on how these practices and the sports knowledge of students from federal institutions in Acre are being perceived. It is a cross-sectional study of a descriptive and exploratory type, using a structured questionnaire, validated by a panel of experts. Study respondents were 674 students. The results show that the participants recognize the importance of sport for the improvement of various aspects of their lives, however, a large portion does not perform sports activities during their free time. The main reason cited for not playing sports outside school was the lack of time. Among those who practice sports in their free time, the reasons were the improvement in physical performance and being a healthy habit, and the most practiced modalities are football and futsal.

Escala de braden: benefícios de sua aplicação na prevenção de lesão por pressão no âmbito domiciliar / Braden scale: benefits of its use in the prevention of pressure injury in the household

Objetivo: Averiguar a eficácia da Escala de Braden como instrumento norteador na assistência para prevenção de lesão por pressão em indivíduos acamados no âmbito domiciliar. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa com coleta de dados realizada em domicílio por meio de entrevista e inspeção da pele de 41 participantes. Resultados: A incidência de lesão por pressão foi de 7%. Constatou-se que os indivíduos acamados em domicílio com alto risco, na escala de Braden, não mostraram incidência de lesão por pressão, enquanto os que apresentaram risco moderado houve incidência. Conclusão: Apesar de ser um instrumento bastante utilizado pelos profissionais da área da saúde, o presente trabalho demonstrou que a alta sensibilidade e especificidade da Escala de Braden é questionável. Os cuidados foram essênciais para essa baixa incidência de lesão por pressão, diminuindo sua associação com a idade e tempo de acamado.

Objective: investigate the effectiveness of the Braden Scale as a guiding instrument in assisting in the prevention of pressure injury in bedridden individuals at home. Method: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, with data collected at home through interviews and skin inspection of 41 participants. Results: There was an incidence of 7% of pressure injuries. It was found that individuals at high risk at home, according to the Braden scale, did not show incidence of pressure injuries, while those with moderate risk presented such incidence. Conclusion: Despite being widely used by health professionals, this study demonstrated that the high sensitivity and specificity of the Braden Scale is questionable. Care was essential for this low incidence of pressure injuries, reducing its association with age and bedridden time.

Produção de conhecimento do grupo de pesquisa LEPEF-EdsaLa em políticas públicas de esporte e lazer no estado do Acre / LEPEF-EdSaLa research group's production of knowledge on sports and leisure public policies in the state of Acre / Producción de conocimiento del grupo de investigación LEPEF-EdsaLa en políticas públicas de deporte y ocio en el estado de Acre

Esta investigação está alicerçada no estado do conhecimento, entre 2007 e outubro de 2020, na área de políticas públicas de esporte e lazer no estado do Acre. Objetiva apresentar a produção de conhecimento do Grupo de Pesquisa LEPEF-EdSaLa, situando esta temática em nível estadual, via Rede Cedes/CDPPEL-Acre. O estudo perpassa o contexto de criação do referido grupo, suas produções e contribuições, originando 239 produções, sendo 11 na área do esporte e lazer e 4 na área de políticas públicas de esporte e lazer. Dentre as ações produzidas pelo grupo destacam-se: implantação e desenvolvimento do Centro de Pesquisa da Rede Cedes no Acre; realização de eventos; publicações; realização de atividades educacionais e de formação de equipe, corroborando o impacto e a influência na formação dos docentes e estudantes da Ufac, bem como de professores de educação física e gestores, com um novo olhar para as políticas públicas das regionais do Acre.

This research is based on the state of knowledge, between 2007 and october 2020 in the area of public policies for sport and leisure in the state of Acre. It aims to present the production of knowledge of the Research Group LEPEF-EdSaLa, situating this theme at the state level, via Rede Cedes/CDPPEL-Acre. The study goes through the context of the group's creation, its productions and contributions, 239 productions, 11 of which in the area of sports and leisure and 4 in the area of public sport and leisure public policies. Among the actions produced by the group, the following stand out: implantation and development of the Rede Cedes Network Research Center in Acre; events; publications; educational activities and team building, proving the impact and influence in the formation of Ufac teachers and students, as well as physical education teachers and managers, with a new look to the public policies of the regions of Acre.

Esta investigación se basa en el estado del conocimiento, entre 2007 y octubre de 2020 en el ámbito de las políticas públicas de deporte y ocio en el estado de Acre. Tiene como objetivo presentar la producción de conocimiento del Grupo de Investigación LEPEF-EdSaLa, ubicando este tema a nivel estatal, vía Rede Cedes/CDPPEL-Acre. El estudio recorre el contexto de la creación de este grupo, sus producciones y aportaciones, originando 239 producciones, 11 en el área de deporte y ocio y 4 en el área de políticas públicas de deporte y ocio. Entre las acciones producidas por el grupo se destacan: implementación y desarrollo del Centro de Investigación de la Rede Cedes en Acre; celebración de eventos; publicaciones actividades educativas y formación de equipo, corroborando el impacto e influencia en la formación de docentes y estudiantes de la Ufac, así como de docentes y gestores de educación física, con una nueva mirada a las políticas públicas en las regiones regionales de Acre.

The challenges of nursing information systems: a narrative review of the literature. / Os desafios dos sistemas de informação em enfermagem: uma revisão narrativa da literatura.

Nursing information systems, where quality indicators are integrated, focus on the standardization of health records and the consequent visibility of the provided care. Despite the acknowledged importance of the contributions of information systems, their implementation has been characterized by several challenges, so we propose to reflect on them. To identify the evidence available in the literature on these same challenges, a narrative review of the literature was developed, with the analysis of relevant articles and reports on this issue. It is clear in the literature the importance of information systems for obtaining quality indicators that are sensitive to nursing care, with a positive impact on the quality of care, allowing for measurable quality in interventions, as well as facilitating inter and intra-institutional comparability, in real-time or in a retrospective analysis. The challenges encountered and which urgently needs to be resolved in clinical practice are related to the difficulty for professionals to perceive the impact of computer records, the visibility of nursing indicators and the time that is allocated in the context of providing care to carry out these records.

Os sistemas de informação em enfermagem, onde se integram os indicadores de qualidade, têm como foco a uniformização dos registos em saúde e a consequente visibilidade dos cuidados prestados. Apesar da reconhecida importância dos contributos dos sistemas de informação, a sua implementação tem-se pautado por vários desafios pelo que nos propomos assim a refletir sobre estes. Com o objetivo de identificar a evidência disponível na literatura sobre estes mesmos desafios, foi desenvolvida uma revisão narrativa da literatura com análise de artigos e relatórios pertinentes acerca desta questão. Está patente na literatura a importância dos sistemas de informação para a obtenção de indicadores de qualidade sensíveis aos cuidados de enfermagem, existindo efetivamente um impacto positivo na qualidade dos cuidados, permitindo a mensurabilidade da qualidade nas intervenções, bem como facilitando a comparabilidade intra e interinstitucional, em tempo real ou em análise retrospetiva. Os desafios encontrados e que urge resolver na prática clínica, relacionam-se com a dificuldade de os profissionais percecionarem o impacto dos registos informáticos, a visibilidade dos indicadores em enfermagem e o tempo que é alocado em contexto de prestação de cuidados para realizar estes registos.

Os desafios dos sistemas de informação em enfermagem: uma revisão narrativa da literatura / The challenges of nursing information systems: a narrative review of the literature

Resumo Os sistemas de informação em enfermagem, onde se integram os indicadores de qualidade, têm como foco a uniformização dos registos em saúde e a consequente visibilidade dos cuidados prestados. Apesar da reconhecida importância dos contributos dos sistemas de informação, a sua implementação tem-se pautado por vários desafios pelo que nos propomos assim a refletir sobre estes. Com o objetivo de identificar a evidência disponível na literatura sobre estes mesmos desafios, foi desenvolvida uma revisão narrativa da literatura com análise de artigos e relatórios pertinentes acerca desta questão. Está patente na literatura a importância dos sistemas de informação para a obtenção de indicadores de qualidade sensíveis aos cuidados de enfermagem, existindo efetivamente um impacto positivo na qualidade dos cuidados, permitindo a mensurabilidade da qualidade nas intervenções, bem como facilitando a comparabilidade intra e interinstitucional, em tempo real ou em análise retrospetiva. Os desafios encontrados e que urge resolver na prática clínica, relacionam-se com a dificuldade de os profissionais percecionarem o impacto dos registos informáticos, a visibilidade dos indicadores em enfermagem e o tempo que é alocado em contexto de prestação de cuidados para realizar estes registos.

Abstract Nursing information systems, where quality indicators are integrated, focus on the standardization of health records and the consequent visibility of the provided care. Despite the acknowledged importance of the contributions of information systems, their implementation has been characterized by several challenges, so we propose to reflect on them. To identify the evidence available in the literature on these same challenges, a narrative review of the literature was developed, with the analysis of relevant articles and reports on this issue. It is clear in the literature the importance of information systems for obtaining quality indicators that are sensitive to nursing care, with a positive impact on the quality of care, allowing for measurable quality in interventions, as well as facilitating inter and intra-institutional comparability, in real-time or in a retrospective analysis. The challenges encountered and which urgently needs to be resolved in clinical practice are related to the difficulty for professionals to perceive the impact of computer records, the visibility of nursing indicators and the time that is allocated in the context of providing care to carry out these records.

Monoterpenoid terpinen-4-ol inhibits voltage-dependent Na+ channels of small dorsal root ganglia rat neurons.

The monoterpenoid terpinen-4-ol (4TERP) is known to inhibit cell excitability, has low toxicity and important pharmacological activities, which are likely related to neural excitability, such as anti-inflammatory, antiepileptic and antinociceptive effects. However, the pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms underlying the effects of 4TERP on blockade of neural action potential are not completely elucidated. Since Na+ current (INa) through voltage-dependent Na+ channels (NaV) is a major mechanism for excitability, the present study investigated the pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms of the action of 4TERP on INa through NaV. For this aim, dissociated small neurons of dorsal root ganglia of adult rats were used for whole cell patch-clamp recordings. 4TERP concentration-dependently inhibits INa (IC50 0.8 ±â€¯0.3 mM; pharmacological efficacy 42.89 ±â€¯5.54%). 4TERP interfered with INa through a mechanism with various components, which includes predominantly channel pore block and sensitivity to frequency of use. In presence of 4TERP (3 mM), decreasing stimulation from 5 Hz to very low frequency (75 s of quiescence previously to stimulation) induced INa decrease to 65.17 ±â€¯5.86% of control. 4TERP also altered (left shift) voltage sensitivity of the steady state activation of NaV. Data are discussed aiming to interpret the importance of blockade of INa through NaV as participant of 4TERP-induced inhibition of membrane excitability.

Diabetes mellitus alters electrophysiological properties in neurons of superior cervical ganglion of rats.

Diabetic neuropathy is the most prevalent complication associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). The superior cervical ganglion (SCG) is an important sympathetic component of the autonomic nervous system. We investigated the changes in cellular electrophysiological properties and on Na+K+-ATPase activity of SCG neurons of rats with DM induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Three types of action potentials (AP) firing pattern were observed in response to a long (1 s) depolarizing pulse. Whilst some neurons fired a single AP (single firing phasic, SFP), others fired few APs (multiple firing phasic, MFP). A third type fired APs during more than 80% of the stimulus duration (tonic-like, TL). The occurrence of SFP, MFP and TL was 84.5, 13.8, and 1.7%, respectively. SFP and MFP differed significantly in their membrane input resistance (Rin). At the end of the 4th week of its time course, DM differently affected most types of neurons: DM induced depolarization of resting membrane potential (RMP), decreased AP amplitude in SFP, and decreased Rin in MFP. DM decreased spike after-hyperpolarization amplitude in MFP and the duration in SFP. Based on the RMP depolarization, we investigated the Na+K+-ATPase action and observed that DM caused a significant decrease in Na+K+-ATPase activity of SCG. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that DM affects several parameters of SCG physiology in a manner likely to have pathophysiological relevance.

O papel do enfermeiro especialista na implementação do transitional care model na comunidade / The role of the nurse specialist in implementing the transitional care model in the community

As admissões hospitalares têm aumentado, sendo que a taxa de reinternamento hospitalar aumentou aproximadamente 8%. É fundamental adotar medidas que visem diminuir estes valores e consolidem uma transição efetiva entre cuidados de saúde primários e hospitalares. Este trabalho tem como objetivo promover o empowerment no idoso e família para reduzir o internamento e reinternamento hospitalar dos utentes de uma Unidade de Saúde em Lisboa. O trabalho é de natureza descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa, segundo a metodologia do processo de planeamento em saúde com enfoque no Transitional Care Model (TCM), modelo do Empowerment e Teoria das Transições de Afaf Meleis, aplicação no domicílio da Edmonton Frail Scale, Escala de Quedas de Morse e ainda a aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico. A amostra é de 37 utentes, 78,4% mulheres, 100% reformados, 67,6% de classe baixa, 91,8% tiveram, pelo menos, uma ida ao serviço de urgência hospitalar, 97,3% apresentam baixo a alto risco de queda, 63% com fragilidade moderada a severa. Como resultados releva-se a inexistência de episódios de quedas bem como a redução dos acessos ao serviço de urgência. Teremos assim a prevenção de complicações e melhoria da gestão da doença crónica, processos liderados pelo Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem Comunitária, com aplicação das competências reguladoras previstas bem como respondendo aos Descritores de Dublin. Como limitações destacam-se o tamanho reduzido da amostra bem como a inexistência de internamentos no decorrer do trabalho. Considerando a elevada fragilidade do idoso no domicílio, a aplicação deste modelo permitirá reduzir as barreiras existentes entre os níveis de cuidados, com ganhos em saúde bem como custo-efetividade.

Hospital admissions have increased, with the rate of hospital readmission rising by approximately 8%. It is essential to adopt measures that aim to reduce these values and consolidate an effective transition between primary and hospital health care. This work aims to promote empowerment in the elderly and family to reduce hospitalization and rehospitalization of users of a Health Unit in Lisbon. The work is descriptive and quantitative, according to the methodology of the health planning process with a focus on the Transitional Care Model (TCM), Empowerment model and Afaf Meleis Transition Theory, application at the Edmonton Frail Scale home, Scale Morse Falls and the use of a sociodemographic questionnaire. The sample is made up of 37 users, 78.4% women, 100% retired, 67.6% low class, 91.8% had at least one visit to the hospital emergency service, 97.3% have low to high risk of falling, 63% with moderate to severe fragility. As a result, there is a lack of falls' episodes as well as a reduction in access to emergency service. We will thus have the prevention of complications and improvement in the management of chronic disease, processes led by the Specialist Nurse in Community Nursing, with the application of the regulatory powers provided for as well as responding to the Dublin Descriptors. As limitations, we highlight the small sample size as well as the absence of hospitalizations during the work. Considering the high fragility of the elderly at home, the application of this model will allow reducing the existing barriers between the levels of care, with gains in health as well as cost-effectiveness.

Effect of red propolis extract isolated or encapsulated in nanoparticles on the in vitro culture of sheep preantral follicle: Impacts on antrum formation, mitochondrial activity and glutathione levels.

This study aimed to characterize the hydroethanolic extract of red propolis (HERP) and nanoparticles containing HERP for using as an additive in the culture medium of isolated ovine preantral follicles. HERP was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and determination of flavonoid content, and the nanoparticles by the mean particle diameter, polydispersity index (PI) and encapsulation efficiency (EE). The effect of HERP (10 and 20 Î·g/ml-HERP10 and HERP20 groups) and nanoparticles (NP10 and NP20 groups) on isolated secondary follicles cultured in vitro for 12 days was observed by morphological evaluation, oxidative stress markers (reactive oxygen species-ROS and glutathione-GSH) and active mitochondria. HPLC showed formononetin as the major compound in the HERP (63.92 ± 0.21 µg/mL). The content of flavonoids ranged from 2.14% to 11.00%. The nanoparticles showed mean diameter of 287.5 ± 3.9 and 479 ± 18.1 Î·m; PI of 0.117 ± 0.018 and 0.316 ± 0.039; and EE of 67.15% and 41%, respectively, for the NP10 and NP20 groups. After 12 days of culture, HERP20 and NP20 increased (p < 0.05) the percentage of normal follicles compared to NP10. HERP20 showed significantly higher percentages of antrum formation than control medium (MEM) and NP10 (p < 0.05). HERP20 also showed an increase (p < 0.05) in mitochondrial activity compared to the other treatments, except NP20 (p > 0.05), and increased GSH levels (p < 0.05) compared to MEM and HERP10. In conclusion, use of HERP (20 Î·g/ml) on in vitro culture of isolated ovine preantral follicles can increase antrum formation, mitochondrial activity and GSH levels.

Stairs and Doors Recognition as Natural Landmarks Based on Clouds of 3D Edge-Points from RGB-D Sensors for Mobile Robot Localization.

Natural landmarks are the main features in the next step of the research in localization of mobile robot platforms. The identification and recognition of these landmarks are crucial to better localize a robot. To help solving this problem, this work proposes an approach for the identification and recognition of natural marks included in the environment using images from RGB-D (Red, Green, Blue, Depth) sensors. In the identification step, a structural analysis of the natural landmarks that are present in the environment is performed. The extraction of edge points of these landmarks is done using the 3D point cloud obtained from the RGB-D sensor. These edge points are smoothed through the S l 0 algorithm, which minimizes the standard deviation of the normals at each point. Then, the second step of the proposed algorithm begins, which is the proper recognition of the natural landmarks. This recognition step is done as a real-time algorithm that extracts the points referring to the filtered edges and determines to which structure they belong to in the current scenario: stairs or doors. Finally, the geometrical characteristics that are intrinsic to the doors and stairs are identified. The approach proposed here has been validated with real robot experiments. The performed tests verify the efficacy of our proposed approach.

Barreiras percebidas para a prática de atividade física em universitários da área da saúde de uma instituição de ensino superior da cidade de Fortaleza, Brasil / Perceived barriers to the practice of physical activity in University Students of Health Sciences of a higher education institution in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prática de atividade física e as principais barreiras percebidas, bem com investigar sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas, em universitários da área da saúde. Estudo transversal realizado com 736 universitários (≤ 18 e ≥ 36 anos de idade) de ambos os sexos, de uma instituição de ensino superior da cidade de Fortaleza, Brasil. Foram coletadas informações sociodemográficas, prática de atividade (sim ou não) e barreiras percebidas. O teste do Qui-quadrado foi utilizado para associação das variáveis sociodemográficas com as principais barreiras percebidas e a prática de atividade física, adotando-se p≤0,05. As principais barreiras percebidas foram: jornada de estudos extensa (33,4%), falta de energia/cansaço (20,7%), falta de companhia (18,1%), jornada de trabalho extensa (17,8%) e falta de interesse (17,0%). Essas barreiras foram associadas ao semestre letivo (p≤0,001). A jornada de estudos extensa e jornada de trabalho extensa estiveram associadas ao sexo (p≤0,004) e a faixa etária (p≤0,001). A prática de atividade física esteve associada ao sexo, curso e semestre letivo (p≤0,001). Conclui-se que a jornada de estudos extensa foi apontada como a principal barreira para a prática de atividade física entre os universitários. Em geral as principais barreiras percebidas eram de cunho social, comportamental e físicas. As principais barreiras percebidas estiveram associadas ao semestre letivo.

This study aimed to analyze the physical activity and the main barriers perceived by university students, as well as to investigate Its association with sociodemographic variable. This was a Cross-sectional study with 736 university students (≤ 18 and ≥ 36 years old) of both genders, at a higher education institution in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil. Sociodemographic information, activity practice (yes or no) and perceived barriers were collected. The chi-square test was used to associate the sociodemographic variables with the main perceived barriers and the practice of physical activity, adopting p≤0.05. The main perceived barriers were extensive study hours (33.4%), lack of energy / fatigue (20.7%), lack of company (18.1%), extensive workload (17.8%) and lack of Of interest (17.0%). These barriers were associated to the semester (p≤0.001). The extensive study journey and extended working day were associated with gender and age group (p≤0.004 and p≤0.001 respectively). The practice of physical activity was associated to sex, course and semester (p≤0.001). It was concluded that the extensive study periods was considered the main barrier to physical activity among university students. It is expected that these results will serve as a reference for the systematization of possible interventions in order to develop healthy living habits in university students. In general, the main perceived barriers were social, behavioral and physical. The main perceived barriers were associated with the semester.

Morphological Study and Analysis of Microhardness and Permeability of the Furcation of Maxillary Premolars.

The morphology, microhardness and dentin permeability of the furcation region of maxillary premolars were evaluated. Ten premolars were cut lengthwise and the furcation region was delimited. In one group (n=10) microhardness was measured in the buccal, central and palatal regions, in the outer middle and inner layers of the furcation, and in the buccal and palatal regions adjacent to the furcation. Knoop hardness was tested with 10 g load for 15 s. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test (a=0.05). In the other group (n=10) confocal microscopy was used to study dentin morphology. Other 10 specimens were instrumented with ProTaper and immersed in 10% copper sulfate for analysis of permeability under light microscopy. About microhardness, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) among the buccal (39.9±3.1), central (39.5±4.4) and palatal (39.7±5.0) regions of the furcation, or between these regions and the adjacent buccal (39.1±5.8) and palatal (39.7±5.8) regions (p>0.05). The inner layer (42.3±3.7) had significantly higher microhardness (p<0.05) than the outer layer (37.1±3.9). There was a tendency of calcification of the dentinal tubules from the outer towards the inner layer. The percentage of stained area was 12.45±2.0%, restricted to the outer layer. The buccal, central and palatal regions of the furcation as well as the buccal and palatal adjacent regions had similar microhardness values. In conclusion, the inner dentin layer is harder than the outer dentin layer. The dentinal tubules are sinuous and intertwine towards the middle layer. Dye penetration is restricted to the outer layer.

Morphological Study and Analysis of Microhardness and Permeability of the Furcation of Maxillary Premolars

Abstract The morphology, microhardness and dentin permeability of the furcation region of maxillary premolars were evaluated. Ten premolars were cut lengthwise and the furcation region was delimited. In one group (n=10) microhardness was measured in the buccal, central and palatal regions, in the outer middle and inner layers of the furcation, and in the buccal and palatal regions adjacent to the furcation. Knoop hardness was tested with 10 g load for 15 s. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test (a=0.05). In the other group (n=10) confocal microscopy was used to study dentin morphology. Other 10 specimens were instrumented with ProTaper and immersed in 10% copper sulfate for analysis of permeability under light microscopy. About microhardness, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) among the buccal (39.9±3.1), central (39.5±4.4) and palatal (39.7±5.0) regions of the furcation, or between these regions and the adjacent buccal (39.1±5.8) and palatal (39.7±5.8) regions (p>0.05). The inner layer (42.3±3.7) had significantly higher microhardness (p<0.05) than the outer layer (37.1±3.9). There was a tendency of calcification of the dentinal tubules from the outer towards the inner layer. The percentage of stained area was 12.45±2.0%, restricted to the outer layer. The buccal, central and palatal regions of the furcation as well as the buccal and palatal adjacent regions had similar microhardness values. In conclusion, the inner dentin layer is harder than the outer dentin layer. The dentinal tubules are sinuous and intertwine towards the middle layer. Dye penetration is restricted to the outer layer.

Resumo Estudou-se a morfologia, microdureza e permeabilidade dentinária da furca de pré-molares superiores. Dez pré-molares tiveram a porção oclusal da coroa e os terços radiculares médio e apical removidos. Cortou-se longitudinalmente o remanescente e delimitou-se a furca. As hemi-secções foram distribuídas em dois grupos. Num (n=10), mediu-se a microdureza nas regiões vestibular, central e palatina, nas camadas externa, média e interna e nas porções vestibular e palatina adjacentes à furca. Utilizou-se dureza Knoop, carga de 10 g por 15 s. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste ANOVA e Tukey-Kramer (a=0.05). No outro grupo (n=10) utilizou-se microscopia confocal para estudo da morfologia da dentina. Outros 10 espécimes foram instrumentados com Protaper e NaOCl a 1% e imersos em sulfato de cobre a 10% para análise da permeabilidade. Após preparo histológico os espécimes foram analisados em fotomicroscópio. Não houve diferença significante (p>0,05) entre a microdureza das regiões vestibular (39,9±3,1), central (39,5±4,4) e palatina (39,7±5,0), nem entre essas regiões e as adjacentes vestibular (39,1±5,8) e palatina (39,7±5,8) (p>0,05). A camada interna (42,3±3,7) é mais dura que a externa (37,1±3,9) (p<0,05). Há uma tendência dos canalículos calcificarem no sentido da camada externa para a interna. A porcentagem de área corada foi de 12,45±2.0 e restrita à camada externa. As regiões vestibular, central e palatina da furca, bem como as adjacentes vestibular e palatina apresentaram microdureza semelhante entre si. A camada interna apresentou-se mais dura que a externa. Os canalículos dentinários eram sinuosos e se entrelaçaram em direção à camada média. A penetração de corantes se restringiu à camada externa.

The leguminous lectin of Lonchocarpus araripensis promotes antinociception via mechanisms that include neuronal inhibition of Na(+) currents.

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Sodium channels are highly expressed in nociceptive sensory neurons during hypernociceptive conditions. Based on the presence of a glycosidic portion in the sodium channel ß subunit associated to the antinociceptive effect of leguminous lectins via lectin domain, this study investigated the antinociceptive activity of the lectin isolated from Lonchocarpus araripensis seeds (LAL) in mice behavioral models and in NaV current in the nociceptor of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG). MATERIAL/METHODS: LAL antinociceptive activity and the participation of opioid system, lectin domain and sodium channels were evaluated in Swiss mice models of nociception (formalin, capsaicin, hot plate, tail flick, von Frey) and in primary cultures of Wistar rats neurons of DRG (patch clamp). RESULTS: LAL presented inhibitory effects in the nociception induced by chemical and mechanical, but not by thermal stimuli and reduced total Na(+) current. LAL activity was inhibited by the lectin association with its binding sugar N-acethyl-glucosamine. CONCLUSION: LAL inhibits peripheral hypernociception by mechanisms that involve the lectin domain, inflammatory mediators and Na(+) channels. The innovative inhibitory action of leguminous lectins on NaV current brings new insights for the investigation of sodium channels role in nociception.

Inhibitory effect of terpinen-4-ol on voltage-dependent potassium currents in rat small sensory neurons.

The biological and pharmacological activities of the terpenoid terpinen-4-ol (1), which include depressant effects in the central nervous system, are of potential therapeutic interest. In the present study, the effects of 1 on neuronal excitability and voltage-dependent K(+) currents in the somatic sensory system were investigated. Intact and dissociated neurons of rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were used for intracellular and patch-clamp recordings, respectively. In neurons of intact DRG, 1 caused concentration-dependent depolarization of the resting membrane potential and increased input resistance. 1 also inhibited action potentials (AP) and decreased AP parameters, with the exception of AP duration, which was increased. In dissociated DRG neurons, 1 partially blocked the total K(+) current in a concentration-dependent manner. 1 inhibited I(A), I(D), and I(K) with IC50 values of 3.2 ± 03, 0.7 ± 0.1, and 1.6 ± 0.7 mM, respectively. 1 did not shift either the steady-state activation or inactivation curves of I(A), I(D), and I(K) but reduced the decay time course of I(A). The alterations in DRG reported here are consistent with the inhibition of K(+) currents and might partially explain the effect of 1 on excitable tissues.