Increasing trend of childhood type 1 diabetes incidence: 20-year observation from Greater Poland Province, Poland.

AIM: Type 1 diabetes is one of the fastest-growing chronic health conditions. Estimating the incidence rate of childhood type 1 diabetes will allow to aid in adequate planning of health care resources. The study's aim was to assess the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in children below 15 years of age from Greater Poland (Poland) between 2006 and 2018, and then to compare obtained data to records collected between 1998 and 2003 in pediatric population aged 0-14 years from the same area. METHODS: In this cohort study covering the period from January 1998 to December 2018, data were collected for children and adolescents below 14 years of age with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes living in Greater Poland. The overall population size was taken from the Statistical Office of Poland. Total, sex-, and age-specific incidence rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated for each calendar year. RESULTS: Over a 20-year period, the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-14 years rose around 3.6-fold, from 8.4/100,000 in 1998 to 30.8/100,000 in 2018, with the peak incidence recorded in last year of the study. A clear male predominance of type 1 diabetes was seen in all ages. The rate of type 1 diabetes incidence growth was comparable between all age groups, while the highest incidence rate was mostly observed in children aged 5-9 and 10-14 years. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-14 years is rapidly increasing in Greater Poland.

Importance of diet in children and adolescents with obesity and asthma.

Both obesity and asthma are increasingly being diagnosed in the childhood population. Obesity is linked to a greater asthma morbidity, and it increases the risk of severity of the disease course. The association between these 2 disorders has not yet been fully elucidated; however, several putative factors have been proposed related to mechanical and inflammatory aspects of obesity. Diet is an important adjustable element in obesity and asthma management. An unhealthy diet based on processed food is likely to promote chronic inflammation in both conditions; hence, appropriate nutrition should be an integral part of the children's therapy. This review discusses dietary models that have a positive impact on patient health.