[Ankle replacement for severe post-traumatic deformation of the distal tibia: a case report]. / Endoprotezirovanie golenostopnogo sustava pri lechenii gruboi posttravmaticheskoi deformatsii distal'nogo otdela bol'shebertsovoi kosti. Klinicheskii sluchai.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the immediate results of ankle replacement with original prosthesis in a patient with severe post-traumatic deformation of the distal tibia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: When developing the original design of ankle prosthesis, we considered foreign analogues of classical and revision models of ankle prostheses taking into account their shortcomings. In this case, an integrated approach was used. Extensive work has been carried out to select materials for prosthetic components. Experimental work with mesenchymal stromal cells of bone marrow was aimed at testing cytotoxicity and biological compatibility. The staff of the department of designing biomechanical structures of the Research Institute of Bionics and Personalized Medicine of the Samara State Medical University carefully studied the proposed design of endoprosthesis using the Ansys software. After cadaver tests on full-scale models, we performed surgical intervention in a patient with severe post-traumatic deformity of the lower third of the left tibia. RESULTS: Our studies revealed convenience and certain advantages of intraoperative installation of original ankle prosthesis. Along with this, this clinical example indicated come features that must be taken into account in revision ankle replacement to avoid possible postoperative consequences. CONCLUSION: Original ankle prosthesis makes it possible to replace the distal tibia and preserve limb function.

[Biomechanics of the first metatarsophalangeal joint after replacement]. / Analiz biomekhaniki pervogo plyusnefalangovogo sustava posle endoprotezirovaniya.

OBJECTIVE: Analysis of biomechanics of the first metatarsophalangeal joint after arthroplasty, interaction between bones and two implants of the first metatarsophalangeal joint using skeletal model of the foot. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We developed anatomically adapted all-ceramic non-coupled endoprosthesis of proximal interphalangeal joint between 2016 and 2021. To create a model of the foot, we used diagnostic computed tomography whose images were applied in 3D sculpting system and computer-aided design system for final geometric modeling of the joint. RESULTS: In dorsal flexion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint under 45° with the presence of implant, cortical bone tissue can withstand a load of up to 40 kg. Cortical bone tissue with implant can withstand a load of up to 305 kg without dorsal flexion. Strength of implant elements made of zirconium ceramics significantly exceeds strength of bone tissue within implant-bone tissue connection. CONCLUSION: Postoperative axial load on the first metatarsophalangeal joint up to 35 kg with maximum dorsal flexion up to 45° is the most appropriate. Higher load and hyperextension over 45° may be followed by postoperative complications such as implant instability, dislocation and periprosthetic fracture.

[Technology of manufacturing of personalized reconstructive allogenic bone graft (in Russian only)]. / Tekhnologiia proizvodstva personifitsirovannogo rekonstruktivnogo allogennogo kostnogo implantata.

AIM: To develop the technology of manufacturing of reconstructive allogenic bone graft with individual parameters by using of digital prototyping and modeling. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Allogeneic cadaveric bone blocks were used as material. The following methods were used to develop a manufacturing technology for personalized allogenic reconstructive bone implant: harvesting and special preparation of cadaveric material, primary disinfection, viral inactivation, ultrasound management, lyophilization of bone material, CT-examination of patients with various bone defects, digital prototyping and modeling, milling on a machine with numerical program control, X-ray sterilization. RESULTS: The technology of manufacturing of reconstructive allogenic bone graft with individual parameters was successfully tested in the treatment of 24 patients with post-traumatic, destructive-dystrophic and degenerative defects of jaws in 2012-2015. Final reconstructive allogenic bone implant has a personalized 3D-geometry in accordance with individual maxillofacial anatomy of particular patient. One of implant surfaces is fully congruent to the jaw bone defect, the others form the width, height and volume of reconstructive bone implant considering personified maxillofacial features. All above-mentioned features of bone implant are important to restore chewing function of dental system. CONCLUSION: The problem of bone implant personification may be resolved by using of computed tomography followed by digital analysis of jaw structure, technologies for digital reconstruction of bone defects (digital prototyping and modeling) and digital manufacturing.

[Use of erbisol in chronic pancreatitis, depending on treatment options and concurrent ischemic heart disease in old and senile persons]. / Primenenie "Erbisola" pri khronicheskom pankreatite: antioksidantnaia zashchita v zavisimosti ot variantov techeniia i sopustvuiushchei ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa u lits pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta.

In old and senile persons, chronic pancreatitis is known to be accompanied by an uncontrolled intensification of process of free-radical lipid oxidation and inhibition of mechanisms of antiradical defence. The use of erbisol in the instituted therapeutic complex has been found to raise the efficiency of the system of glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes, to effect the inhibition of process of free-radical oxidation, improvement of conditions under which the synthesis of reduced glutathione is normally seen to proceed, realization of antiperoxide, disulphide reductase- and ribonucleotide reductase functions of the system as a whole. Moreover, there gets improved the incretory and exacrinous functions of the pancreas.

[Effect of Erbisol on indices of endogenous intoxication in patients with microbial eczema]. / Vliianie "Erbisola" na pokazateli éndogennoi intoksikatsii u bol'nykh mikrobnoi ékzemoi.

Identified in 66 patients with microbial eczema were changes in the blood serum and urine levels of medium-weight molecules. In a combined treatment of the test group patients the home-produces drug erbisol has been shown to secure good results, which fact permits recommending the use of erbisol in the therapy of microbial eczema.

Probing the structure-function relationship of alpha-latrotoxin-formed channels with antibodies and pronase.

The major toxic component of black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans tredecimguttatus) venom, alpha-latrotoxin, is known to form ionic channels in different membranes. In order to probe the extramembrane domains of alpha-latrotoxin molecule, alpha-latrotoxin channels in planar lipid membrane were treated with antibodies to latrotoxin or with pronase added to different sides of the membrane. It was found that antibody addition to the same side as the toxin (cis) decreased channel conductance only at positive potentials across the membrane. In contrast, trans side addition of antibodies changed the channel conductance at both positive and negative potentials: at positive potential conductance first slightly increased then decreased by more then 50%; at negative potential it decreased much more quickly, to only about 20% of the initial value. No dependence on membrane potential was found for pronase treatment of incorporated channels. For both cis and trans application of pronase, channel selectivity for Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+ and K+, Na+, Li+ ions did not change significantly but Cd2+ block was decreased. Trans pronase treatment also resulted in some rectification of I/V curves and an increase in channel conductance. We interpret these findings as evidence that alpha-latrotoxin channel has protruding parts on both sides of the membrane and that its conformation in the membrane depends on membrane potential.

[An evaluation of the efficacy of the new Ukrainian preparation Erbisol in patients with chronic hepatitis]. / Otsenka éffektivnosti novogo otechestvennogo preparata "Erbisol" u bol'nykh khronicheskim gepatitom.

A new drug preparation "Erbisol" was studied for its effect in the treatment of chronic hepatitis. There were 52 patients; of these, chronic active hepatitis was diagnosed in ten, persistent hepatitis in 38, cholangiolytic hepatitis in 4 patients. The preparation has a beneficial effect on the clinical course of the disease and makes for the normalization of biochemical and immunological indicators in patients with persistent hepatitis and in those with chronic active hepatitis with mild degree of activity. In patients with cholangiolytic hepatitis "Erbisol" should be used with caution. The studies made allowed for the conclusion to be drawn to the effect that the preparation "Erbisol" is a highly effective hepatoprotective and immunomodulating drug.

[Analysis of hepatocyte cell membrane antigens in regenerating rat liver]. / Analiz antigenov plazmaticheskikh membran gepatotsitov regeneriruiushchei pecheni krys.

Antigens of plasma membranes in hepatocytes from regenerating rat liver were studied. Immunochemical investigation with polyvalent rabbits antiserum against plasma membrane proteins in hepatocytes from regenerating and normal rat liver have shown that liver regeneration processes are accompanied by the increase of proteins number with molecular weight of--80 kDa, 62 kDa, 40 kDa and 27 kDa. It is not excluded that protein with molecular weight of 27 kDa is the tissue-specific peripheral protein. The influence of antibodies against proteins of hepatocytes plasmatic membranes on histostructure of pathologically changed liver tissue has been studied. The data obtained testify to a possibility of participation of the above mentioned proteins in the regulation of rat liver regeneration processes.

[Modification of latrotoxin channels under the effect of pronase and antibodies to latrotoxin]. / Modifikatsiia latrotoksinovykh kanalov pod vliianiem pronazy i antitel k latrotoksinu.

The action of pronase and latrotoxin antibodies on alpha-latrotoxin channels in lipid bilayers has been investigated. Proteolysis of the protruding portions of the inserted channels changed slightly its conductivity and selectivity. Latrotoxin antibodies added to either side of the membrane decreased channel conductivity. The effect depends on the membrane potential. It is suggested that the channel conformation depends on the transmembrane potential and selective centre localized in the inner region of a bilayer is insensitive to proteolysis of protruding segments.

[Isolation of alpha-latrotoxin using high-performance liquid chromatography methods]. / Vydelenie alpha-latrotoksina s pomoshch'iu metodov vysokoéffektivnoi zhidkostnoi khromatografii.

alpha-Latrotoxin, a main toxic component of the Latrodectus mactans tredecimguttatus venom is a large polypeptide with molecular weight of 130 KDa. A rapid method is suggested for isolating this protein using high-effective liquid chromatography on chromatograph FPLC ("Pharmacia", Sweden). The isolated protein does not differ from the previously described alpha-latrotoxin in the main physicochemical parameters as well as in physiological properties.

[Common features of the antigenic determinants presented on the membranes of mammalian nervous system cells and cytoplasmic tetrodotoxin-sensitive proteins]. / Obshchnost' antigennykh determinant, predstavlennykh na membranakh kletok nervnoi sistemy mlekopitaiushchikh i na tsitoplazmaticheskikh tetrodotoksinchuvstvitel'nykh belkakh.

Hypothetical antigenic similarities between nerve cell membrane structures and cytoplasmic tetrodotoxin-sensitive proteins have been studied. Indirect ELISA binding assay combined with inhibition assay has been used. The results obtained indicate that cytoplasmic tetrodotoxin-sensitive proteins do share antigenic determinants with nerve cell membrane structures. This is consistent with the speculation that cytoplasmic tetrodotoxin-sensitive proteins are relatives of membrane sodium channels.

[A simple method of protein determination in polyacrylamide gel using silver staining]. / Prostoi metod obnaruzheniia belkov v poliakrilamidnom gele s pomoshch'iu impregnatsii ikh serebrom.

A simple and relatively rapid method is elaborated for development of electrophoregram in PAAG by silver binding directly with protein. This permits avoiding the gel staining, considerably improves the quality of staining and promotes better reproducibility of the results. Sensitivity of the method permits detecting 1 ng of protein in the band.

[Physico-chemical properties of IgG characteristic for normal growth]. / Fiziko-khimicheskie svoistva IgG, kharakternogo dlia normal'nogo rosta.

It is shown that IgG typical of the normal growth appears in blood of rats with the regenerating liver and in pregnant ones and its capacity to form complexes with alpha-globulins insoluble in acid medium, isoelectric point and molecular mass are similar to these features in IgG typical of the malignant growth. At the same time hydrophobic properties and energy stability of this protein are close to those of IgG in control animals. The accessibility of ionogenic groups for titration in the studied protein varies like that observed in IgG typical of the malignant growth but is less pronounced. The data obtained evidence for the fact that subpopulations of IgG molecules with similar but not identical properties appear in blood of animals with the normal and malignant growth.

[Isolation of immunoglobulin G--marker of normal growth in the blood of the rat]. / Vyiavlenie immunoglobulina G--markera normal'nogo rosta v krovi krys.

The blood of rats with a regenerating liver and of pregnant animals is found to contain a peculiar subfraction of immunoglobulin G (IgG) which is absent in the blood of control animals. A characteristic feature of the protein which permits its detection among other proteins of this class, is its ability to form a complex with serum alpha-globulins insoluble in the acid medium. The complex in composition and conditions of formation differs from that formed by IgG typical of malignant growth. This shows that in blood of animals with normal and malignant growth there appears a subfraction of IgG with similar properties but not identical to it. Isolation of the studied IgG from the formed complex insoluble in the acid medium is suggested as a preparative method for obtaining its subpopulation.