Patients' response during the co-circulation of multiple respiratory diseases in China-based on the self-regulation common-sense model.

Background: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, another large-scale respiratory epidemic has emerged in China, causing significant social impact and disruption. The article is to explore the patients' psychological and behavioral responses to the enhancement of healthcare quality. Methods: Based on the five dimensions of the Self-Regulation Common-Sense Model, we developed an interview outline to explore the process by which patients identify disease symptoms to guide action plans and coping strategies. The researchers used a semi-structured interview format to simultaneously collect data online and offline. This study gathered data from 12 patients with mixed respiratory infections, comprising 58% females and 42% males; the average age was 30.67 years (SD 20.00), with 91.7% infected with two pathogens and 8.3% with three. The data analysis employed the KJ method, themes were inductively analyzed and categorized from semi-structured interview results, which were then organized into a coherent visual and logical pathway. Key results: The study identified 5 themes: (1) Autonomous Actions Prior to Seeking Medical Care; (2) Decision-Making in Seeking Hospital Care; (3) Disease Shock; (4) Public Crisis Response; (5) Information Cocoon. Conclusion: The pandemic of respiratory infectious diseases has not ceased in recent years. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, China is now facing a trend of concurrent epidemics involving multiple respiratory pathogens. This study centers on patients' health behaviors, exploring the potential relationships among various factors that affect these behaviors. The aim is to provide references and grounds for the improvement of healthcare services when such public health events reoccur.

Association of 3-year change in sleep duration with risk of all-cause mortality in Chinese older population: A national cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Existing evidence on the association of dynamic change in sleep duration with risk of all-cause mortality in Chinese older population is limited. We aimed to explore the association of 3-year change in sleep duration with risk of all-cause mortality in a Chinese older population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 5772 Chinese older participants (median age 82 years) were enrolled in the current study. Cox proportional-hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of 3-year change in sleep duration with risk of all-cause mortality. Subgroup analyses of the association between 3-year change in sleep duration and risk of all-cause mortality were conducted by age, sex and residence. RESULTS: During a median of 4.08 years of follow-up, death developed in 1762 participants. Compared with -1 to <1 h/day change in sleep duration, the adjusted risk of all-cause mortality with < -3 h/day change in sleep duration may increase 26% (HR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05-1.52); the risk of all-cause mortality with 3-year change from short to long sleep duration, or long to short sleep duration versus stable normal sleep duration status was increased about 28% and 52%, respectively (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.00-1.64 and HR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.21-1.92). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that similar significant associations were observed among participants with 65 to <85 years, men and living in city and town. CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic sleep duration change was significantly associated with risk of all-cause mortality. The current study suggests that sleep duration may be a non-invasive indicator for interventions aiming to reduction risk of all-cause mortality in Chinese older population.

Assessment of Resistance to Cereal Cyst Nematode, Stripe Rust, and Powdery Mildew in Wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium Derivatives and Their Chromosome Composition.

Wide hybridization between wheat and wild relatives such as Thinopyrum intermedium is important for broadening genetic diversity and improving disease resistance in wheat. We developed 30 wheat-Th. intermedium derivatives. Here, we report assessments of their resistance to different pathogens including cereal cyst nematode (CCN; Heterodera spp.), Puccinia striiformis f. tritici Erikss. causing stripe rust, and Blumeria graminis f. tritici (DC.) Speer inciting powdery mildew. Under natural field infection, all the wheat-Th. intermedium lines were resistant to at least one of the pathogens, and four lines were resistant to multiple pathogens. Twenty-nine of 30 tested lines exhibited resistance to H. avenae, a dominant CCN species in wheat fields. Twenty-four lines were resistant to H. filipjevi, an emerging threat to wheat production. Tests of phenotypic responses in the naturally infected field nurseries identified six stripe rust-resistant lines and 13 powdery mildew-resistant lines. Mitotic observation demonstrated that these newly developed wheat-Th. intermedium derivatives included not only octoploid but also chromosome addition, substitution, and translocation lines. Chromosome compositions of the four lines resistant to multiple pathogens were analyzed by genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The octoploid lines Zhong 10-68 and Zhong 10-117 carried both intact Th. intermedium chromosomes and translocated chromosomes. Line Zhong 10-149 had 42 wheat chromosomes and two wheat ditelosomes plus a pair of T3BS·J translocated chromosomes. Line Zhong 10-160 carried 41 wheat chromosomes plus one pair of the J genome chromosomes of Th. intermedium. The multiple disease-resistant wheat-Th. intermedium derivatives, especially lines with chromosome counts close to that of common wheat, provide valuable materials for wheat resistance breeding programs.

Characterization of Resistance to Cereal Cyst Nematode, Agronomic Performance, and End-Use Quality Parameters in Four Perennial Wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium Lines.

Perennial wheat is considered to be a practical way to increase the flexibility and profitability of sustainable agricultural system, as it can be either a forage grass or a grain crop. Four perennial wheat lines SX12-480, SX12-787, SX12-1150, and SX12-1269 were developed from a series of interspecific crosses between common wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = 42) or durum wheat (T. turgidum var. durum, 2n = 28) and the intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium, 2n = 42). These lines were characterized by the vigorous regrowth for at least 3 years. The one- and 2-year-old plants had higher grain yield potential than the 3-year-old perennial plants. The decline of grain yield was associated with plant age-related effects on yield components. The perennial wheat lines were all resistant to both Heterodera avenae and H. filipjevi, the two distinct cereal cyst nematode species that occur in China, except that line SX12-787 exhibited moderate resistance only to H. avenae. The dual-purpose perennial wheat lines were evaluated for quality values of both defoliated grass and harvested grains in the form of amino acid profile, mineral concentration, and contents of protein and fiber. Difference in the quality profile was observed between the perennial lines. These perennial lines had an overall improved quality levels over those of the perennial wheat control Montana-2 (T. turgidum × Th. intermedium) and the annual wheat cultivar Jinchun 9. The amplification profiles of the molecular markers provided molecular evidence for the introgression of alien chromatin. Genomic in situ hybridization detected 16, 14, 14, and 12 Th. intermedium chromosomes in lines SX12-480 (2n = 48), SX12-787 (2n = 56), SX12-1150 (2n = 56), and SX12-1269 (2n = 54), respectively, in addition to either 32 or the complete set of wheat chromosomes. The four perennial wheat-Th. intermedium lines described here provide valuable sources of perennial wheat for the dual-purpose application of both grain and forage.

Rapid Determination of 17 Phthalate Esters in Capsanthin by QuEChERS Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

A method for the simultaneous determination of 17 kinds of phthalate esters in capsanthin was developed by the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, ruggedand safe) pretreatment method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Capsanthin samples were extracted with acetonitrile, and then sodium chloride and anhydrous magnesium sulfate were added for salting out. After the extracting liquids were cleansed by florisil, the supernatants were analyzed by GC-MS. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 µg/g and 0.6 to 1.5 µg/g, respectively. DMP, DEP, DAP, DIBP, DBP, BMPP, DPP, DHXP and DCHP were in the range of 0.2 - 10 µg/g; DMEP, DEEP, BBP, DBEP, DEHP, DPhP, DNOP and DNP were in the range of 0.5 - 20 µg/g. And all had good linearity and the linear correlation coefficients (R2) were more than 0.995. The average recoveries of 17 kinds of PAEs of the three levels were between 82.8 and 118.1%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were between 0.12 and 7.3%. It is a simple, rapid, accurate and reliable method for the rapid detection of PAEs in large quantities of natural plant extract samples.