RESUMO
Astroviruses are a common cause of gastroenteritis in children worldwide and can also cause infection in a range of domestic and wild animal species. Canine astrovirus (formally named as Mamastrovirus 5, MAstV5) has been reported worldwide, and its role as an enteric pathogen is still controversial. Herein, we describe the genomic characterization of a MAstV5 (strain crab-eating fox/2016/BRA) identified in a wild canid (Cerdocyon thous) diagnosed with canine distemper virus (CDV) as causa mortis. The nearly complete genome comprised 6579 nt in length and displayed the archetypal organization of astroviruses. The present report is the first evidence of MAstV5 infection in an animal species other than the dog and highlights a possible natural astrovirus spillover between domestic and wild canids. Moreover, these results show the first evidence of extra-intestinal MAstV5, suggesting a virus systemic spread. This work is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the astroviruses biology and their interactions with the wildlife health.
Assuntos
Infecções por Astroviridae/veterinária , Canidae , Mamastrovirus/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Animais Domésticos , Animais Selvagens , Infecções por Astroviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Astroviridae/transmissão , Infecções por Astroviridae/virologia , Braquiúros , Brasil/epidemiologia , Canidae/virologia , Cerebelo/patologia , Cerebelo/virologia , Vírus da Cinomose Canina/imunologia , Vírus da Cinomose Canina/isolamento & purificação , Cães/virologia , Genoma Viral , Especificidade de Hospedeiro , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Mamastrovirus/classificação , Mamastrovirus/genética , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Proteínas Virais/química , Proteínas Virais/genéticaRESUMO
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a major dog pathogen belonging to the genus Morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. CDV causes disease and high mortality in dogs and wild carnivores. Although homologous recombination has been demonstrated in many members of Paramyxoviridae, these events have rarely been reported for CDV. To detect potential recombination events, the complete CDV genomes available in GenBank up to June 2015 were screened using distinct algorithms to detect genetic conversions and incongruent phylogenies. Eight putative recombinant viruses derived from different CDV genotypes and different hosts were detected. The breakpoints of the recombinant strains were primarily located on fusion and hemagglutinin glycoproteins. These results suggest that homologous recombination is a frequent phenomenon in morbillivirus populations under natural replication, and CDV vaccine strains might play an important role in shaping the evolution of this virus.