Assuntos
Pan troglodytes/classificação , África Ocidental , Animais , DNA Mitocondrial , Humanos , Pan troglodytes/genética , FilogeniaAssuntos
Alelos , Evolução Biológica , Proteínas Sanguíneas/genética , Cercopithecus/classificação , Adenosina Desaminase/genética , África , Animais , Cercopithecus/sangue , Cercopithecus/genética , Di-Hidrolipoamida Desidrogenase/genética , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Eletroforese em Gel de Amido , Fenótipo , Fosfogluconato Desidrogenase/genética , Albumina Sérica/genética , Transferrina/genéticaRESUMO
During the interval 1962 through 1982, ten patients, having a mean age of 49.5 years, were treated for primary carcinoma of the Bartholin gland at the Medical College of Virginia. In all cases, a primary surgical therapeutic approach was selected, which included radical vulvectomy with bilateral inguinal-femoral node dissection in nine cases. Of the patients followed from eight months to 9.5 years, 50% are alive and well without evidence of recurrent disease. Histologic assessment of lymph nodes demonstrated metastatic involvement in five of nine cases (55%) with four of five patients dead of their disease. The most common histologic pattern was squamous cell carcinoma. The most common presenting complaint was a painless mass. Radical surgery is appropriate as standard primary therapy, whereas the role of radiation appears less clear.
Assuntos
Glândulas Vestibulares Maiores , Neoplasias Vulvares/patologia , Adulto , Glândulas Vestibulares Maiores/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Vulva/cirurgia , Neoplasias Vulvares/cirurgiaRESUMO
Field recordings of male loud calls (or roars) from each major form of black-and-white colobus monkey have been analyzed spectrographically, and features of tempo and pitch measured. Considered together with data on cranial dimensions, coat pattern, and geographical distribution, the results of this analysis suggest that there are five species of black-and-white colobus: Colobus angolensis, C. guereza, C. polykomos, C. satanas, and C. vellerosus. C. guereza and C. vellerosus may have differentiated most recently during a major arid event prior to the last Pleistocene glacial maximum; they have an identical low-pitched roar which we consider to be a shared, derived character. The other species, of which C. satanas has the most distinct roar, may belong to older lineages.
Assuntos
Cercopithecidae/classificação , Colobus/classificação , Filogenia , Vocalização Animal , Animais , Masculino , Espectrografia do Som , Especificidade da Espécie , UgandaRESUMO
To investigate relationships between ecology and social organization, observations were made on several populations of Colobus guereza in East Africa in 1970-74. Study time was concentrated in the Kibale Forest and the Kabalega National Park, Uganda. Findings on social behaviour are reported in this paper. Assessments of group composition were made. The repertoire of communicatory acts was analysed. During five-day continuous observation periods at Kibale (12 consecutive months) and at Kabalega (two months) all social interactions between members of one habituated group, and between this group and others, were recorded. 6 Kibale groups were monitored over a four-year period to examine changes in group structure. The results are compared with those from other studies and the adaptive significance of guereza social behaviour is discussed, emphasizing differences in male and female strategies.