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BACKGROUND: Typically, bricklayers in developing countries' contexts manually lay bricks, concrete blocks and other similar materials to construct walls and buildings which make them susceptible to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). The burden of WRMSDs among this high-risk group seems has not been well documented. OBJECTIVES: This study examined the prevalence of WRMSDs among bricklayers in Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 118 consenting bricklayers from a Nigerian setting was carried out. The standardized Nordic musculoskeletal disorder questionnaire and a proforma were used to profile the prevalence of WRMSDs and socio-demographic information of the respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at pâ<â0.05. RESULTS: The 12-months and 7-days prevalence of WRMSDs were 87.3% and 67.4%. Shoulder (61.0%) and the low-back (59.3%) were the two most affected anatomical sites based on 12-month prevalence. WRMSDs affecting the knees (6.8%) was the most disabling in carrying normal work routines. Working for less than 10 years was significantly associated with high prevalence of WRMSDs in the shoulder (odd ratio (OR)â=â0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI)â=â0.09 to 0.87) and wrist region (ORâ=â0.24, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.73). Having neck pain led to higher odds (ORâ=â0.29, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.68) of taking a break from work among the bricklayers. CONCLUSIONS: WRMSDs were high among Nigerian bricklayers. Years of work experience was associated with high prevalence of WRMSDs in the shoulder and wrist. In addition, taking work breaks was associated with neck pain.
Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Cervicalgia , Nigéria/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim was systematically to identify and evaluate factors related to fatigue in individuals with hip and/or knee OA. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE, ProQuest and Web of Science Core Collections databases. Inclusion criteria comprised cross-sectional, case-control or longitudinal studies on patients with a diagnosis of hip and/or knee OA that included self-reported fatigue measures. Study quality was assessed using the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute quality appraisal tool, and factors were synthesized within a bio-behavioural framework. Study designs and quality were combined to determine current evidence levels using best evidence synthesis grading. The full review protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2019: CRD42019138571). RESULTS: Twenty-four studies were included, of which 19 were high, 4 moderate and 1 low quality. There was strong evidence of an association between poor self-reported physical function and high depressive symptoms with higher fatigue. Moderate evidence of an association was found between severe pain, high numbers of co-morbidities and low physical activity levels with higher fatigue. There was moderate or limited evidence of no association between most sociodemographic factors and radiographic OA severity with fatigue. CONCLUSION: Targets for fatigue management might include improving physical function, reducing depressive symptoms, pain and co-morbidities, and increasing physical activity levels. There is a need for more rigorous longitudinal studies to understand the causal effect of fatigue determinants within the hip and knee OA populations.
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The present study investigated factors that influenced home care physiotherapy (HCP) services and profile of the practitioners in Nigeria. It also investigated if the service was registered with the Regulatory Agency. Three hundred and thirty conveniently sampled physiotherapists in Nigeria participated in the cross-sectional survey. A newly developed, nine-part, content-validated questionnaire was used to obtain information about the demographics, sources of referral, case types, frequency of treatment, costing, benefits, and challenges of the HCP, job satisfaction, and registration status. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. All the respondents (100%) were involved in HCP irrespective of their professional profile. The mean duration of practice experience was 9.09 ± 7.34 years. Stroke (41.8%) was the most prevalent case treated. Poor working environment (M = 4.16, R = 1-5), transportation cost (M = 4.16, R = 1-5) and intrusion by impostors (M = 3.66, R = 1-5), were some of the factors that had impact on the HCP services. A preponderance of HCP services was not registered with the Regulatory Agency in Nigeria.
Assuntos
Pessoal de Saúde/classificação , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar/estatística & dados numéricos , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Pessoal de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Nigéria , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
This study investigated the prevalence and association between exercise-induced asthma (EIA) and parental socio-economic status (PSES) among school-aged adolescents in a semiurban community in Nigeria. Three hundred and eighty-five adolescents (185 male and 200 female adolescents) whose ages ranged between 10 and 19 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited from four government approved secondary schools in Ido-Ekiti using a multistage sampling technique. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was assessed at baseline and after 6-min run test (6-MRT) on a level playing ground using a standard peak flow meter. PEFR measurements were repeated at 5th, 10th, 15th, and 20th min post 6-MRT. Participants who had >15.0% PEFR fall were considered to have EIA. PSES was assessed using a validated socio-economic status questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. Alpha level was set at P<0.05. The mean ages of males and females were 13.9±2.0 and 13.8±1.6 years, respectively. More than half of the participants, 58.2% had EIA (>15.0% PEFR scores) while 53.5% belonged to middle PSES class. There was no significant difference between PEFR scores of male and female participants at baseline and 5th min post 6-MRT. However, male participants had significant higher PEFR than the female counterparts at 10th (t=2.090, P=0.037), 15th (t=2.162, P=0.031), and 20th min (t=2.978, P=0.003). There was significant association between EIA and PSES (χ2=152.4; P=0.001). The prevalence of EIA is very high among school-aged adolescents in Nigeria and was significantly associated with PSES.
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AIMS: Physical function is a determinant of survival in chronic diseases, however, little is known about functional capacity (FC) and self-reported health status of patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D). This study investigated the relationship between FC and health related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with T2D. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional survey recruited 150 patients with T2D from a Nigerian university teaching hospital using purposive sampling technique. Socio-demographic and physical characteristics were assessed. FC and HRQoL including physical and mental health component summary (PCS and MCS) were assessed using the six minute walk test (6MWT) and Short-Form (SF-12) questionnaire respectively. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) was estimated, pre and post 6MWT cardiovascular parameters and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were assessed. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: There were 83(55.3%) women, means of age and FBG of participants were 64.2±8.7years and 7.4±2.4mmol/L respectively. The means of 6-min walk distance (6-MWD) and estimated VO2 max were 341.55±41.82m and 9.2±0.7mL/kg/min respectively. Significant differences were found between pre and post HR (t=-44.71; p=0.001), SBP (t=-38.38; p=0.001) and DBP (t=-38.58; p=0.001) following 6MWT. The means of PCS and MCS of HRQoL were 48.67±5.51 and 58.39±2.86 respectively. There were significant correlations between FC and each of PCS (r=0.678; p=0.001) and MCS (r=0.211; p=0.009). CONCLUSION: Patients with T2D demonstrated low functional capacity and reduced HRQoL. Significant relationship exists between FC and physical and mental component summary of HRQoL. Exercise intervention to improve FC and HRQoL were recommended.
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Atividades Cotidianas , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Qualidade de Vida , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Adequate sleep improves physical and mental alertness. However, there is a dearth of empirical data on functional capacity (FC) and sleep quality (SpQ) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the relationship between FC and SpQ of patients with CHF and apparently healthy controls (HCs). METHODS: This case-control study recruited 50 patients with CHF whose left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was <40%, attending cardiac clinics of selected government hospitals in Osun State. Furthermore, 50 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were recruited as controls. Socio-demographic characteristics and cardiovascular parameters were assessed. The FC (VO2 max) and SpQ were assessed using the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Patients had a significantly lower FC and poorer SpQ than HCs, 4.6 ± 0.5 versus 11.3 ± 1.6 mL/kg/min (t = -3.452; p = 0.001) and 8.74 ± 1.6 versus 3.8 ± 1.3 (t = -5.371; p = 0.001), respectively. HCs were about five times more likely to walk longer distance [odds ratio (OR), 4.8; confidence interval (CI), 2.0-11.1] and had a better heart rate (OR, 2.8; CI, 1.4-5.3) than patients. SpQ had a significant negative correlation with FC of patients (r = -0.362; p = 0.001) but a significant positive correlation with HCs (r = 0.481; p = 0.041). Furthermore, there were significant correlations between FC and body mass index in both groups (CHF: r = 0.247, p = 0.022; HCs: r = 0.321, p = 0.040). CONCLUSION: Patients with heart failure demonstrated lower functional capacity and poorer sleep quality.
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This study investigated the relationships among exercise capacity (EC), dynamic balance (DB), and gait characteristics (GCs) of patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) and healthy controls (HCs). This observational controlled study involved 125 patients with T2D receiving treatment at a Nigerian university teaching hospital and 125 apparently healthy patients' relatives and hospital staff recruited as controls. EC maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) was estimated following a 6-min walk test. DB and GC were assessed using the Time Up to Go Test and an accelerometer (BTS G-Walk) assessing gait speed, step length, stride length, and cadence respectively during a self-selected walk. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at P<0.05. The mean ages of patients with T2D and HCs were 57.6±6.6 and 60.0±7.0 years, respectively. All physical characteristics were comparable (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the VO2max and DB between patients with T2D and HCs; 7.6±0.6 mL/kg/min vs. 9.6±0.6 mL/kg/min (t=-16.6, P=0.001) and 14.2±2.1 sec vs. 10.4±1.5 sec (t=-6.37, P=0.001), respectively. Furthermore, significant differences were found in GC between patients with T2D and HCs; gait speed: 0.7±0.1 m/sec vs. 1.2±0.1 m/sec (t=-16.60, P=0.001), step length: 0.6±0.2 m vs. 0.9±0.3 m (t=-7.56, P=0.001) and stride length: 0.9±0.1 m vs. 1.1±0.5 m (t=-6.09, P=0.001). There were significant correlations between EC and gait speed in both groups (T2D: r=-0.26, P=0.032 and HCs: r=0.51, P=0.003). In conclusion, patients with T2D demonstrated lower EC, unstable DB, and altered GCs compared with HCs. Exercise interventions to improve EC and gait balance are recommended.