Efeitos do i-pass na qualidade da comunicação, fluxo de trabalho e prevenção de eventos adversos / Effects of i-pass on the quality of communication, workflow and prevention of adverse events / Efectos de i-pass en la calidad de la comunicación, flujo de trabajo y prevención de eventos adversos

Introdução: Os cuidados de saúde tornaram-se cada vez mais complexos, o que tem dado ênfase a segurança do paciente. Evidências de pesquisas de cultura de segurança sugerem que a qualidade da transferência de cuidados de saúde é problemática, levando a erros evitáveis e resultados adversos. O I-PASS foi projetado para reduzir esses eventos adversos. Objetivo: Analisar por meio da literatura científica os efeitos da ferramenta I-PASS sobre a qualidade da comunicação, fluxo de trabalho e prevenção de eventos adversos. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa, descritivo, exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. A questão de pesquisa, determinou a construção da estratégia PICO, que representa um acrônimo para Paciente ou Problema (P), Intervenção (I), Comparação (C) e Desfechos (O-outcomes). As bases utilizadas para a coleta de dados foram a PubMed; SCOPUS; e Web of Science. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que a adesão a handoffs padronizados aumentou significativamente após a intervenção acerca da gravidade da doença; resumo do paciente; lista de ações; planejamento de contingência; consciência situacional; e síntese. O uso rotineiro da ferramenta eletrônica estruturada de handoff foi associada a uma diminuição acentuada de falhas de comunicação potencialmente prejudiciais e a uma melhor percepção de qualidade e segurança do paciente. Além disso, reduções nas taxas de interrupções, sem um impacto significativo na duração do handoff e melhoria do fluxo de trabalho também foram observados. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a estratégia de transferência eletrônica I- PASS pode ser utilizada como uma importante ferramenta de gestão.

Introduction: Health care has become increasingly complex, which has given emphasis to patient safety. Evidence from safety culture research suggests that the quality of health care transfer is problematic, leading to avoidable errors and adverse outcomes. I-PASS is designed to reduce these adverse events. Objective: To analyze, through the scientific literature, the effects of the I-PASS tool on the quality of communication, workflow and prevention of adverse events. Methodology: This is an integrative, descriptive, exploratory review study with a qualitative approach. The research question determined the construction of the PICO strategy, which represents an acronym for Patient or Problem (P), Intervention (I), Comparison (C) and Outcomes (O- outcomes). The bases used for data collection were PubMed; SCOPUS; and Web of Science. Results: The results show that adherence to standardized handoffs increased significantly after intervention on disease severity; patient summary; stock list; contingency planning; Situational Awareness; and synthesis. Routine use of the structured electronic handoff tool was associated with a marked decrease in potentially harmful miscommunications and a better perception of quality and patient safety. Furthermore, reductions in interrupt rates without a significant impact on handoff duration and workflow improvement were also observed. Conclusion: It is concluded that the I-PASS electronic transfer strategy can be used as an important management tool.

Introducción: La atención de la salud se ha vuelto cada vez más compleja, lo que ha dado énfasis a la seguridad del paciente. La evidencia de la investigación de la cultura de seguridad sugiere que la calidad de la transferencia de la atención médica es problemática, lo que lleva a errores evitables y resultados adversos. I-PASS está diseñado para reducir estos eventos adversos. Objetivo: Analizar, a través de la literatura científica, los efectos de la herramienta I-PASS en la calidad de la comunicación, el flujo de trabajo y la prevención de eventos adversos. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio de revisión integrador, descriptivo, exploratorio, con enfoque cualitativo. La pregunta de investigación determinó la construcción de la estrategia PICO, que representa las siglas de Paciente o Problema (P), Intervención (I), Comparación (C) y Resultados (O-resultados). Las bases utilizadas para la recolección de datos fueron PubMed; ESCOPUS; y Web de la Ciencia. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que la adherencia a los traspasos estandarizados aumentó significativamente después de la intervención sobre la gravedad de la enfermedad; resumen del paciente; lista común; planificación de contingencias; Conciencia situacional; y síntesis. El uso rutinario de la herramienta de traspaso electrónico estructurado se asoció con una marcada disminución de los errores de comunicación potencialmente dañinos y una mejor percepción de la calidad y la seguridad del paciente. Además, también se observaron reducciones en las tasas de interrupción sin un impacto significativo en la duración de la transferencia y la mejora del flujo de trabajo. Conclusión: Se concluye que la estrategia de transferencia electrónica I-PASS puede ser utilizada como una importante herramienta de gestión.

Cryolipolysis on More than One Body Area Increases Lipid Peroxidation without Changing Lipid Profile and Inflammatory Markers.

In the present study, the effects of cryolipolysis on one and multiple body areas, assessing body composition, lipid profile and peroxidation and inflammatory markers were investigated. Twenty-four women aged between 20 and 59 years were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) control, (2) cryolipolysis on the abdomen and (3) cryolipolysis on the abdomen + flanks. Anthropometric measurements, bioimpedance and ultrasound were performed, as well serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation markers (malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and Interleukin-1ß) were determined. In addition, food consumption and physical activity level were evaluated. Data were obtained at 0, 10 and 30 days (t0, t10 and t30) after cryolipolysis. Cryolipolysis did not change anthropometric measurements, body composition or lipid profile. Interestingly, the abdomen + flanks group had significantly increased plasma myeloperoxidase activity at t0, t10 and t30, and increased malondialdehyde levels at t0 and t10 when compared to the other groups. Furthermore, there were no differences between macronutrient intake and total energy value, physical activity level, malondialdehyde and interleukin-1ß at t30. Cryolipolysis did not change body composition, lipid profile or inflammatory markers investigated. On the other hand, when used on the abdomen and flanks, it produced an increase in lipid peroxidation markers, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase.

Effects of zinc supplementation on glycemic control and oxidative stress in experimental diabetes: A systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus (DM), an important public health problem worldwide, can cause imbalances in the homeostasis of trace elements such as zinc (Zn). It is possible that an adequate nutritional status related to nutrients is essential for the normal functioning of antioxidant defense systems, and any change in the concentration of these substances could increase the chances of DM complications. OBJECTIVE: To present a review on the effect of zinc supplementation on glycemic control and oxidative stress in experimental diabetes. METHODS: This is a systematic review of articles that investigated the effects of zinc supplementation on glycemic control and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. The PICOS strategy was used for the development of the research question, and the Syrcle tool for the quality assessment of the studies included in the review. Articles available in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were included without restriction on year of publication. The Syrcle tool was used to assess the risk of bias of the included studies. RESULTS: Fifteen studies were included in the review, seven of which evaluated glycemic control and oxidative stress after zinc supplementation, five only oxidative stress and three only glycemic control after zinc treatment. In all the studies included, diabetes was induced by the administration of streptozotocin (STZ) at doses ranging from 40 to 100 mg/kg. Zinc supplementation was made in the diet or drinking water or by gavage or intraperitoneal injection. The most used doses were 100 mg/kg of body weight by gavage and 0.32 and 0.64 g/kg in diet. The supplementation period ranged from 14 days to 8 weeks. Six studies revealed that zinc supplementation decreased fasting blood glucose as well as insulin resistance; nine studies included in this review reported decreased MDA concentration; in five studies, there was an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD, GSH and catalase); and one of the studies reported a reduction in glycated hemoglobin. CONCLUSION: Zinc supplementation improved hyperglycemia and revealed a protective potential against oxidative stress associated with experimental diabetes.

Functional performance, nutritional status and level of physical activity of elderly

The elderly is a risk group for changes in health conditions and as well as in functional performance related to the decline in grip strength and reduced walking speed, which can compromise the performance of activities of daily living. Based on this, the objective was to analyze the factors associated with functional performance in the elderly. For that, a cross-sectional study was developed involving a group of 179 elderly people who received medical care at an outpatient clinic of the public health network. Muscle strength and gait speed were measured. Nutritional status was determined by Body Mass Index (BMI), calf circumference (CC), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Level of physical activity was measured by the adapted version of the Minnesota Leisure Activities Questionnaire. Low muscle strength was found in 20.7% of the elderly and slow gait in 20.1%. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease was found in 40.8% considering WC, and 35.2% by WHR. Most of the elderly had low weight and no loss of muscle mass. Loss of muscle strength was associated with sex and CC and gait speed were associated with sex, age, and presence of a partner (p < 0.05). The chance of loss of muscle strength and lower gait speed was higher in elderly women. Loss of muscle mass due to CC was associated with the chance of loss of strength, and the chance of reduced walking speed was greater among the elderly individuals aged 75 years and over.

Análise de rótulos de fórmulas lácteas infantis / Analysis of Labels of Children's Dairy Formulas

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve por finalidade analisar os rótulos de fórmulas lácteas infantis comercializados em um município do Estado do Maranhão. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo exploratório de abordagem quantitativa. As amostras foram definidas com base na RDC nº. 222/02, incluindo três grupos de interesse: Fórmulas infantis para lactentes; Fórmulas infantis de seguimento para lactentes e crianças de primeira infância e Fórmula infantil para neces-sidades dietoterápicas específicas. Resultados: No final da coleta encontrou-se 44 produtos, onde nenhuma das fórmulas lácteas analisadas conseguiu 100% de adequação. De maneira geral, a rotulagem de alimentos embalados atendeu ao que é designado na legislação na maioria dos parâmetros avaliados, onde as informações contidas nos rótulos desses produtos estavam adequadas, no entanto, quanto a RDC nº. 222/01, 29,5% dos produtos, apresentaram irregularidades. Ocorreu grande inadequação quanto aos micronutrientes, onde a maior irregularidade foi referente ao ácido pantotênico (81,7%). Os re-sultados demonstram maior atenção das indústrias de alimentos destinados a lactentes e crianças de primeira infância, quanto aos requisitos exigidos pelas normas de rotulagem geral do que com relação às legislações específicas. Conclusão: Diante do exposto, conclui-se que os objetivos do presente estudo foram alcançados com êxito, onde todos os produtos apresentavam irregularidades frente a legislação. (AU)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze labels of infant formula sold in a municipality in the state of Maranhão. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, exploratory descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Samples were defined on the basis of RDC No. 222/02, including three interest groups: infant formulas for infants; Infant follow-up formulas for infants and toddlers and Infant formula for specific dietary needs. Results: At the end of the collection, 44 products were found, where none of the analyzed milk formulas achieved 100% adequacy. In general, the labeling of packaged foods met what is designated in the legislation in most of the parameters evaluated, where the information contained in the labels of these products were adequate, however, for RDC nº 222/01, 29.5% of the products, presented irregularities. There was great inadequacy regarding micronutrients, where the greatest irregularity was related to pantothenic acid (81.7%). The results show greater attention from the food industries for infants and young children regarding the requirements of general labeling rules than specific legislation. Conclusion: In view of the above, it is concluded that the objectives of the present study were suc-cessfully achieved, where all products presented irregularities against the legislation. (AU)