Prevalência tomográfica de variações anatômicas no complexo nasossinusal em pacientes com sinusite não odontogênica / Tomographic prevalence of anatomical variations in the nasosinusal complex in patients with non-odontogenic sinusitis

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de variações anatômicas no complexo nasossinusal por meio de tomografia computadorizada (TC) em pacientes com sinusite não odontogênica. Métodos: Um estudo observacional e retrospectivo consistiu em 860 prontuários com indicação de tomografias computadorizadas multislice para avaliação de sinusite. A sinusite odontogênica foi caracterizada pela presença de espessamento da mucosa sinusal maior que 2 milímetros e ausência de alterações dentárias na região. Posteriormente, foram avaliadas as variações do complexo nasossinusal e realizada uma análise descritiva. Em seguida, 33 tomografias computadorizadas foram analisadas com sinusopatia não odontogênica, e o complexo nasossinusal foi avaliado quanto à presença das seguintes variações anatômicas como desvio do septo nasal associado a esporão ósseo, concha média bolhos, aumento do seio frontal entre outras. Resultados: Variações anatômicas foram observadas em 87,9% dos casos, sendo 15 do gênero masculino (46,0%) e 18 do gênero feminino (54,0%) e distribuídos em 45,5% dos pacientes entre 41-60 anos. A variação anatômica mais frequente foi a concha média bolhosa (37,9%), seguida de septações no seio maxilar (10,3%) e seio frontal alargado (13,8%). Conclusão:Verificou-se uma considerável incidência de variações anatômicas associadas à sinusite não odontogênica, com evidência para a concha média bolhosa.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of anatomical variations in the sinonasal complex using computed tomography (CT) in patients with non-odontogenic sinusitis. Methods: This observational and retrospective study involved the analysis of 860 multislice CT scans prescribed for sinusitis evaluation. Non-odontogenic sinusitis was characterized by the presence of sinus mucosal thickening exceeding 2 millimeters and the absence of dental changes in the region. Subsequently, sinonasal complex variations were evaluated, and a descriptive analysis was conducted. Subsequently, 33 CT scans with non-odontogenic sinusopathy were analyzed, and the sinonasal complex was evaluated for the presence of the following anatomical variations: deviation of the nasal septum associated with a bony spur, bullous middle concha, unilateral hypoplasia of the maxillary sinus, among others. Results: Anatomical variations were observed in 87.9% of cases, with 15 males (46.0%) and 18 female (54.0%), distributed among patients aged 41-60 years (45.5%). The most frequent anatomical variation was the bullous middle concha (37.9%), followed by septations in the maxillary sinus (10.3%) and enlarged frontal sinus (13.8%). Conclusion: A considerable incidence of anatomical variations associated with non-odontogenic sinusitis was observed, with evidence of a bullous middle concha.

Prevalência de radiolucência justa-apical e sua relação com terceiros molares inferiores em radiografias panorâmicas / Prevalence of juxta-apical radiolucency and association/relations with the lower third molar in panoramic radiography

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da radiolucência justa-apical (RJA) e sua relação com os terceiros molares inferiores, em 1054 radiografias panorâmicas. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por radiografias panorâmicas digitais de indivíduos maiores de 18 anos, com pelo menos um terceiro molar inferior. As imagens foram analisadas para a presença de RJA em relação à corticalização, localização, relação com o canal mandibular, angulação e profundidade de impactação do terceiro molar. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva e pelo teste Qui-quadrado, sendo que valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados como significativos. Resultados:Foi encontrada uma prevalência de 2,75% de RJA, sendo predominante no sexo feminino (p = 0,01). A RJA foi visualizada em maior número corticalizada (58,63%), lateroapical (48,27%), em dentes parcialmente intraósseo (68,97%) e mesioangulados (55,17%). Em relação ao canal mandibular, houve maior prevalência na posição sobreposta ao canal mandibular (65,52%). Conclusão: A prevalência de RJA foi de 2,75% do total de 1054 radiografias panorâmicas avaliadas. Em relação ao canal mandibular, apresentou maior prevalência sobreposto. Além disso, a maior parte das RJA se apresentaram corticalizadas, em posição lateroapical, associada a dentes em posição mesioangular. Descritores: Radiografia panorâmica. Dente serotino. Nervo mandibular.Prevalência de radiolucência justa-apical e sua relação com terceiros molares inferiores em radiografias panorâmicas

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of juxta-apical radiolucency (JAR) and its relationship with the lower third molars and adjacent structures, in 1,054 panoramic radiographs. Methods: The sample consisted of digital panoramic radiographs of individuals over 18 years of age, with at least one lower third molar. The images were analyzed for the presence of JAR in relation to corticalization, location, impaction depth, relationship with the mandibular canal, angulation, and impaction of the third molar. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test, and values of p < 0.05 were considered significant.Results: A prevalence of 2.75% of JAR was found, with a statistical difference between JAR and gender (p = 0.01), which proved to be predominant in females. The JAR was seen in greater numbers as corticalized (58.63%), lateroapical (48.27%), and mesioangulated (55.17%), as well as in erupted teeth (31.03%). In relation to the mandibular canal, it presented a higher prevalence when superimposed upon the mandibular canal (65.52%). Conclusions:The prevalence of RJA was 2.75% of the 1,054 evaluated panoramic radiographs. In relation to the mandibular canal, it presented a higher prevalence of superimposition. In addition, most of the RJA were corticalized, in a lateroapical position, associated with teeth in a mesioangular position. Uniterms: Panoramic radiography. Third molar. Mandibular nerve.

Absence of medication-related jaw osteonecrosis after treatment with strontium ranelate in ovariectomized rats.

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of strontium ranelate (SR) in medication-related jaw osteonecrosis (MRONJ) after tooth extraction in ovariectomized rats. Thirty ovariectomized rats were divided into three groups (n = 10): bisphophonate (BP) group (zoledronic acid; 0.4 mg/kg/week), SR group (625 mg/kg/day), and control group (saline solution). The lower first molars were extracted after 60 days of drug therapy. Drug administration was continued for another 30 days after tooth extraction. The mandibles were subjected to clinical, histological, radiographic, and microtomographic evaluations. Only the BP group showed clinical changes, characterized by the presence of 70% (n = 7) and 20% (n = 2) of ulcers and extraoral fistulas. Radiographic evaluation demonstrated bone sequestration only in the BP group (n = 7, 70%). Microtomographic analysis revealed increased bone porosity after ovariectomy, particularly in the the control group (p < 0.05). The BP group showed a higher bone surface density, bone volume, and trabecular number than SR and control groups, but with less trabecular separation (p < 0.05). All the animals in the BP group demonstrated histological osteonecrosis. There was no evidence of osteonecrosis in the control and SR groups, which was characterized by the absence of empty osteocyte gaps and associated with the gradual healing of the extraction area. Also, an increased number of blood vessels and a reduced number of osteoclasts were observed in the SR group (p < 0.05). Therefore, SR treatment increased angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in the healing socket and was not associated with MRONJ development after tooth extraction in ovariectomized rats.

Absence of medication-related jaw osteonecrosis after treatment with strontium ranelate in ovariectomized rats

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the potential of strontium ranelate (SR) in medication-related jaw osteonecrosis (MRONJ) after tooth extraction in ovariectomized rats. Thirty ovariectomized rats were divided into three groups (n = 10): bisphophonate (BP) group (zoledronic acid; 0.4 mg/kg/week), SR group (625 mg/kg/day), and control group (saline solution). The lower first molars were extracted after 60 days of drug therapy. Drug administration was continued for another 30 days after tooth extraction. The mandibles were subjected to clinical, histological, radiographic, and microtomographic evaluations. Only the BP group showed clinical changes, characterized by the presence of 70% (n = 7) and 20% (n = 2) of ulcers and extraoral fistulas. Radiographic evaluation demonstrated bone sequestration only in the BP group (n = 7, 70%). Microtomographic analysis revealed increased bone porosity after ovariectomy, particularly in the the control group (p < 0.05). The BP group showed a higher bone surface density, bone volume, and trabecular number than SR and control groups, but with less trabecular separation (p < 0.05). All the animals in the BP group demonstrated histological osteonecrosis. There was no evidence of osteonecrosis in the control and SR groups, which was characterized by the absence of empty osteocyte gaps and associated with the gradual healing of the extraction area. Also, an increased number of blood vessels and a reduced number of osteoclasts were observed in the SR group (p < 0.05). Therefore, SR treatment increased angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in the healing socket and was not associated with MRONJ development after tooth extraction in ovariectomized rats.

Transitional Era: from analogical to digital workflow in oral rehabilitation: a case report / Era de transição: do fluxo de trabalho analógico para o digital em reabilitação oral: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Digital dentistry is a ubiquitous phenomenon nowadays but it requires access to technologies and learning curve. To aid digital workflow implementation, digital steps can be progressively incorporated in conventional workflows. We aimed to demonstrate a multidisciplinary oral rehabilitation performed mixing conventional procedures with digital open-source software programs and low-cost devices. A 46-year-old female patient had photographs, intraoral scans, and cone-beam computed tomography obtained and used in combination with conventional clinical exams to develop a treatment plan. Power point software was used for digital smile planing and Horos for digital implant planning. The digital dataset were used to guide conventional clinical procedures (scaling and root planning, gingivoplasty, in-office tooth bleaching, fiber-post restoration, implant and bone graft placement, teeth preparation, and protheses design and milling). The inclusion of digital steps in the conventional workflow enabled the performance of rehabilitation procedures with reduced clinical time and increased predictability, favoring the overall workflow and the communication among the different dental specialties. A mixed workflow can progressively lead to an exclusively digital workflow as technologies become accessible and learning curve is coped.

RESUMO Atualmente, a Odontologia digital é um fenômeno onipresente, contudo exige acesso à tecnologia e curva de aprendizado. Para auxiliar na implementação de fluxos de trabalho digitais, etapas digitais podem ser progressivamente incorporadas nos fluxos de trabalho convencionais. Nosso objetivo foi demonstrar uma reabilitação oral multidisciplinar realizada combinando procedimentos convencionais e ferramentas digitais de baixo custo e acesso aberto. Uma paciente de 46 anos teve fotografias, exames intraorais e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico obtidos e usados em combinação com exame clínico convencional para desenvolvimento de um plano de tratamento. O software Power Point foi utilizado para o planejamento digital do sorriso e o Horos para o planejamento digital dos implantes. O conjunto de dados digitais foi usado para orientar a execução dos procedimentos clínicos convencionais (raspagem e alisamento radicular, gengivoplastia, clareamento dental, restauração com pino de fibra de vidro, inserção de implantes e enxerto ósseo, preparos protéticos e design e fresagem protética). A inclusão de etapas digitais no fluxo de trabalho convencional permitiu redução do tempo clínico na realização da reabilitação aliado à maior previsibilidade, favorecendo o fluxo de trabalho e a comunicação entre as diferentes especialidades odontológicas. O fluxo de trabalho misto pode progressivamente levar a um fluxo de trabalho exclusivamente digital à medida que as tecnologias se tornem acessíveis e a curva de aprendizado superada.

Three-dimensional printed models versus conventional stone models: an accuracy analysis

Aim: To compare the accuracy (trueness and precision) of cost-accessible three-dimensional (3D) printed models. Methods: A maxillary typodont (MM) was scanned and printed 10 times in polylactic acid, resulting in 10 digital models (DMs). Polyvinylsiloxane impressions were made to obtain 10 conventional stone models (SMs). All models were scanned and imported to CloudCompare software. The total area and three locations of interest were evaluated (zenith to incisal [Z-I], canine to canine [C-C], and first molar to canine [1M-C] distances). Total area evaluations were performed by aligning the MM and experimental models using the best-fit algorithm and were compared using the Haussdorf distance. The distances between points of interest were measured using the point-picking tool at the same 3D coordinates. The mean volumetric deviations were considered for trueness analysis. Precision was set as the standard deviation. Statistical differences were evaluated using the Student's t-test. Results:Total area volumetric comparisons showed that DMs showed superior trueness and precision (-0.02 ± 0.03) compared to the SMs (0.37 ± 0.29) (P < 0.001). No differences between the models were observed for Z-I (P = .155); however, SMs showed fewer deviations for C-C (P = .035) and 1M-C (P = .001) than DMs. Conclusions: The DMs presented superior trueness and precision for total area compared to the SMs; however, the SMs were more accurate when points of interest were evaluated