RESUMO
Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre plantas medicinais indicadas para afecções odontológicas, incluindo livros, artigos e sites científicos e populares. Os dados foram compilados em uma tabela contendo informações como nome científico, popular, família, parte utilizada e forma farmacêutica. Foram encontradas 132 espécies, distribuídas em 52 Famílias Botânicas citadas como úteis no tratamento de afecções odontológicas. As espécies mais citadas de acordo com a bibliografia consultada foram Punica granatum L. (10 citações), Althaea officinalis L.(8), Salvia officinalis L. (8), Calendula officinalis L.(8), Malva sylvestris L (7), Plantago major L. (6). O conjunto destes resultados deve permitir um perfil de espécies para uso em odontologia e contribuir para o direcionamento de pesquisas nesta área, culminando com o desenvolvimento de fitoterápicos de qualidade e validados para uso odontológico, bem como permitindo a divulgação destes estudos para a população e profissionais afins.
A bibliographical review on medicinal plants indicated for odontological disease was carried through, including books, articles and scientific and popular sites. The data had been compiled in a Table with information such as plants scientific and popular names, family, used part and pharmaceutical form. A total of 132 species, distributed in 52 Botanical Families useful in the treatment of odontological afeccion had been found. The most cited species in the bibliography consulted were Punica granatum L. (10 citations), Althaea officinalis L.(8), Salvia officinalis L. (8), Calendula officinalis L.(8), Malva sylvestris L (7), Plantago major L. (6). The set of these results must allow a profile of species for use in odontology and contribute for the aiming of research in this area, culminating with the development of herbal medicines of quality and validated for odontological use, as well as allowing to the spreading of these studies for the population and similar professionals.
Assuntos
Odontologia , Plantas Medicinais , Literatura de Revisão como AssuntoRESUMO
Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae), a medicinal plant used worldwide, has antimalarial activity as shown in previous work. This study tested ethanol extracts from wild plants collected in three different regions of Brazil and from plants cultivated in various soil conditions. The extracts were active in mice infected with P. berghei: doses of < or =500 mg/kg administered by oral route reduced malaria parasitaemia and mouse mortality; higher doses were found to be less effective. Tested in vitro against three P. falciparum isolates, two chloroquine resistant and one mefloquine resistant, the plants cultivated under standard conditions, and in humus enriched soil, were active; but the wild plants were the most active. Analysis using thin layer chromatography demonstrated the presence of flavonoids (compounds considered responsible for the antimalarial activity) in all plants tested, even though at different profiles. Because B. pilosa is proven to be active against P. falciparum drug-resistant parasites in vitro, and in rodent malaria in vivo, it is a good candidate for pre-clinical tests as a phytotherapeutic agent or for chemical isolation of the active compounds with the aim of finding new antimalarial drugs.