RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to draw clinical and epidemiological comparisons between visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and VL associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHOD: Retrospective study. RESULTS: Of 473 cases of VL, 5.5% were coinfected with HIV. The highest proportion of cases of both VL and VL/HIV were found among men. A higher proportion of VL cases was seen in children aged 0-10 years, whereas coinfection was more common in those aged 18-50 years. CONCLUSIONS: VL/HIV coinfected patients presented slightly differently to and had a higher mortality rate than those with VL only.
Assuntos
Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Fatores Etários , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Coinfecção/tratamento farmacológico , Coinfecção/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Leishmaniose Visceral/tratamento farmacológico , Leishmaniose Visceral/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to draw clinical and epidemiological comparisons between visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and VL associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHOD: Retrospective study. RESULTS: Of 473 cases of VL, 5.5% were coinfected with HIV. The highest proportion of cases of both VL and VL/HIV were found among men. A higher proportion of VL cases was seen in children aged 0-10 years, whereas coinfection was more common in those aged 18-50 years. CONCLUSIONS: VL/HIV coinfected patients presented slightly differently to and had a higher mortality rate than those with VL only.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Recidiva , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/fisiopatologia , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Incidência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Etários , Resultado do Tratamento , Distribuição por Sexo , Distribuição por Idade , Coinfecção/fisiopatologia , Coinfecção/tratamento farmacológico , Leishmaniose Visceral/fisiopatologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/tratamento farmacológico , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) stands out as a zoonosis observed on four continents and also in urban expansion zones in several regions of Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study of VL cases in children under 15 years of age in the period from 2007 to 2012. Clinical data were gathered from medical reports; meteorological data were obtained at the Meteorological Measurement Department of UFT. Environmental variables were divided into two periods, rainy and dry. RESULTS: The study revealed no difference by gender (p=0.67) among the 821 patients. However, the most affected age group was between one and five years of age (58.6%; p<0.01); the highest prevalence of the disease (99.03%; p<0.01) occurred in urban zones; and the most affected ethnic group (85.5%; p<0.01) was mixed race. The highest incidence coefficients in this population occurred in 2007 and 2008 (578.39/100,000 inhabitants; 18.5/100,000 inhabitants, respectively), whereas the highest lethality coefficients occurred in 2008 and 2011 (0.85/100 deaths). There was no significant correlation between average rainfall and the number of VL cases. The correlation between temperature and number of VL cases was negative (r = -0.4039; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In Araguaína, visceral leishmaniasis in children under 15 years is an urban-based endemic disease distributed across all districts of the city wherein temperature as an environmental factor, a higher prevalence in mixed race children between one and five years of age, and a high incidence coefficient all strongly contribute to child mortality.
Assuntos
Doenças Endêmicas , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , MasculinoRESUMO
Introduction Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) stands out as a zoonosis observed on four continents and also in urban expansion zones in several regions of Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological study of VL cases in children under 15 years of age in the period from 2007 to 2012. Clinical data were gathered from medical reports; meteorological data were obtained at the Meteorological Measurement Department of UFT. Environmental variables were divided into two periods, rainy and dry. Results The study revealed no difference by gender (p=0.67) among the 821 patients. However, the most affected age group was between one and five years of age (58.6%; p<0.01); the highest prevalence of the disease (99.03%; p<0.01) occurred in urban zones; and the most affected ethnic group (85.5%; p<0.01) was mixed race. The highest incidence coefficients in this population occurred in 2007 and 2008 (578.39/100,000 inhabitants; 18.5/100,000 inhabitants, respectively), whereas the highest lethality coefficients occurred in 2008 and 2011 (0.85/100 deaths). There was no significant correlation between average rainfall and the number of VL cases. The correlation between temperature and number of VL cases was negative (r = -0.4039; p<0.01). Conclusions In Araguaína, visceral leishmaniasis in children under 15 years is an urban-based endemic disease distributed across all districts of the city wherein temperature as an environmental factor, a higher prevalence in mixed race children between one and five years of age, and a high incidence coefficient all strongly contribute to child mortality. .