Lesões pulmonares em suínos abatidos no matadouro Público Municipal de Esperança, Paraíba / Pulmonary lesions of slaughtered pigs at the municipal public slaughterhouse of Esperança, Paraíba

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar as lesões macroscópicas e histológicas em pulmões de suínos abatidos no abatedouro público de Esperança, Paraíba. Foram inspecionados pulmões de 180 suínos entre julho e dezembro de 2013. Destes, 34 (18,8%) apresentaram lesões. Na análise anatomopatológica dos fragmentos coletados, 82,3% (28/34) exibiram lesões sugestivas de Pneumonia Enzoótica Suína (PES). Seis (17,7%) amostras apresentaram alterações causadas pela distribuição irregular de sangue. Casos sugestivos de PES crônica foram observados em 57,1% (16/28) dos fragmentos coletados. Em 42,9% (12/28) das amostras foram definidos como sugestivos de PES subaguda. Nenhum pulmão apresentou lesões sugestivas de PES aguda. A pesquisa demonstrou que lesões pulmonares em suínos são frequentemente detectadas no abatedouro de Esperança, Paraíba, sendo a maioria destas lesões sugestivas de PES.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the macroscopic and histological lesions in the lungs of slaughtered pigs at the public slaughterhouse of Esperança, Paraíba. Lungs from 180 pigs were inspected between July and December 2013. Lesions were observed in 34 (18.8%) lungs. In the anatomopathological analysis of the collected fragments, 82.3% (28/34) presented suggestive lesions of Swine Enzootic Pneumonia (SEP). Six (17.7%) samples presented alterations caused by irregular blood distribution. Suggestive cases of chronic SEP were observed in 57.1% (16/28) of the collected fragments. In 42.9% (12/28) of the samples were defined as suggestive of subacute SEP. No lungs presented lesions suggestive of acute PES. The research showed that lung lesions in pigs are frequently detected in the Esperança, Paraíba slaughterhouse, with the majority of these lesions suggestive for SEP.

Primary photosensitization and contact dermatitis caused by Malachra fasciata Jacq. N.V. (Malvaceae) in sheep.

Farmers from Paraiba state, Northeast Brazil, claim that Malachra fasciata causes cutaneous lesions in sheep. To test its toxicity the plant was harvested daily and fed ad libitum for 21 days to 3 sheep as the sole food source (# 1-3). An additional sheep (# 4) was maintained as a control. Cutaneous lesions of photosensitization initiated after 7 days and increased continuously over the next 21 days. The dose ingested varied between 129 g/kg to 175 g/kg. Alopecia, hyperemia and crusting were observed in the animals. On day 22, sheep 3 was euthanized. At necropsy, no gross or microscopic alterations were observed in the liver. Skin biopsies were performed in the remaining animals Histopathology of skin of the three sheep included acanthosis, orthokeratosis, and multifocal infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophils and plasma cells around blood vessels and appendages in the dermis. The Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon was observed in the dermis of sheep 2, due probably by contact dermatitis. After the end of administration Sheep 1 and 2 were protected from sunlight and the lesions regressed within two weeks. This experiment indicates that M. fasciata causes primary photosensitization and contact dermatitis in sheep.

Intoxicação por Portulaca elatior (Portulacaceae) em bovinos / Portulaca elatior (Portulacaceae) poisoning in cattle

Descreve-se um surto de intoxicação aguda em bovinos causado pela ingestão de Portulaca elatior na região nordeste do Brasil. O surto resultou da ingestão a partir da administração da planta no cocho pelo criador para os bovinos. Quatro de cinco bovinos foram intoxicados e dois morreram. Os sinais clínicos incluíram dor abdominal, tremores musculares, intensa salivação, timpanismo moderado e desidratação. O curso clínico da doença variou de 10 a 18 horas. Os achados macroscópicos incluíram desidratação, avermelhamento das mucosas dos pré-estômagos, abomaso e intestinos, além de ulceração da mucosa ruminal. Nos dois casos foi notada a presença de fragmentos de Portulaca no interior do rúmen. Os achados histológicos foram de degeneração e necrose das camadas superficiais do epitélio dos pré-estômagos, necrose e inflamação da mucosa intestinal e necrose linfoide. As atividades de AST e GGT estavam dentro dos valores de normalidade. O diagnóstico de intoxicação associado à ingestão de P. elatior foi baseado na epidemiologia, sinais clínicos e lesões. A ausência de informação sobre a toxicidade de P. elatior foi a principal causa para a ocorrência da intoxicação acidental.(AU)

An outbreak of acute poisoning in cattle caused by the ingestion of Portulaca elatior occurred in the northeastern Brazil. The outbreak resulted from ingestion of the plant provided by the farmer. Four out of five cattle were poisoned and two died. Clinical signs included abdominal pain, muscle trembling, intense salivation, mild bloat and dehydration. The course of the disease ranged from 10 to 18 hours. Gross findings included dehydration, reddening of the mucosa of forestomachs, abomasum, and intestine, with ulcerations of the ruminal mucosa. The presence of Portulaca leaves in the rumen was noted in both cases. The main histologic lesions were superficial to full thickness degeneration and necrosis of the stratified epithelium lining the forestomachs, necrosis and inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, and lymphoid necrosis. The serum activities of AST and GGT and serum were within normal ranges. The diagnosis of poisoning associated with ingestion of P. elatior was based on the epidemiology, clinical signs and lesions. The lack of information about the toxicity of P. elatior was the main cause for the accident of poisoning.(AU)

Poisoning in goats by the monofluoracetate-containing plant Palicourea aeneofusca (Rubiaceae).

The epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of a spontaneous outbreak of Palicourea aeneofusca poisoning in goats are reported. The main clinical signs were motor incoordination, generalized muscle tremors, broad-based posture, tachypnea, tachycardia, vocalization and respiratory distress. Two goats died 5 and 20 min after the observation of the first clinical signs. Another that was found recumbent died 80 h later. One goat with mild clinical signs recovered. Congestion and hemorrhages were observed macroscopically and histologically in most organs. Pulmonary edema was also observed. The main microscopic findings consisted of cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis of the renal tubular epithelium. The average concentration of monofluoroacetate obtained in sixteen samples of P. aeneofusca was 0.29 ± 0.17%. It is concluded that P. aeneofusca is toxic to goats under natural conditions.

Ulcerative and granulomatous enteritis associated with Molineus torulosus parasitism in neotropical primates / Enterite ulcerativa e granulomatosa com parasitismo de Molineus torulosus em primatas neotropicais

This paper reports eleven cases of ulcerative and granulomatous enteritis associated with Molineus torulosus parasitism in different species of neotropical primates of the Sapajus genus. All of the affected monkeys had been apprehended by the environmental police and were being treated in a rehabilitation center for wild animals. The clinical history was weight loss and debility. During the necropsy, several nodules were found on the duodenum and proximal jejunum wall, with ulcers on the adjacent intestinal mucosa, including the nodules in the pancreas of four monkeys. Histologically, eosinophilic granulomas were observed in the small intestine, associated with fibrosis, eggs and adult models of Trichostrongylidae, etiology consistent with Molineus torulosus. This study describes the first cases of parasitism in Sapajus flavius, a species previously considered extinct, but recently rediscovered, and presents the occurrence of M. torulosus in two other species, Sapajus libidinosus and Sapajus apella.(AU)

São relatados 11 casos de enterite ulcerativa e granulomatosa associada ao parasitismo por Molineus torulosus em diferentes espécies de primatas neotropicais do gênero Sapajus. Todos os macacos afetados haviam sido apreendidos pela polícia ambiental e estavam sendo tratados em um centro de reabilitação de animais silvestres. O histórico clínico era de emagrecimento e debilidade. Durante a necropsia, foram constatados diversos nódulos na parede do duodeno e jejuno proximal, com úlceras na mucosa intestinal adjacente, além de nódulos no pâncreas de quatro macacos. Histologicamente, observou-se no intestino delgado, granulomas eosinofílicos associados à fibrose, ovos e exemplares adultos de tricostrongilídeos, etiologia consistente com Molineus torulosus. O presente trabalho descreve os primeiros casos de parasitismo em Sapajus flavius, uma espécie antes considerada extinta e recentemente redescoberta, e relata a ocorrência de M. torulosus em outras duas espécies, Sapajus libidinosus e Sapajus apella.(AU)