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Background: The impact of CCR5-Δ32 on COVID-19 outcomes has been the focus of much research. This genetic variant may protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection, while others have produced conflicting results. Given the controversial results of previous research on different populations, we aimed to investigate the possible association between the CCR5-Δ32 variant and COVID-19 severity in an Iranian population. Methods: This case-control study was conducted between 25th of April till 10th of October 2021 at Rasoul Akram Hospital of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. We investigated the association between CCR5-Δ32 genotype and COVID-19 severity in 200 unrelated Iranian patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 100 patients with severe COVID-19 (case group) and 100 patients with mild COVID-19 (control group). Genotyping of CCR5-Δ32 was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results: The frequency of CCR5-Δ32 allele was 11 in the case group and 16 in the control group. However, no significant association was found between this genetic variant and the clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Conclusion: The CCR5-Δ32 variant cannot serve as a reliable predictive factor for identifying individuals prone to developing severe COVID-19 in Iranian population. Additionally, targeting CCR5 would not be a viable treatment approach for COVID-19 in Iranians.
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miR-196a has important roles in the pathoetiology of different disorders ranging from non-malignant to malignant ones. This miRNA is transcribed from two genomic loci, namely HOXC and HOXB on human chromosomes 12 and 17, respectively. The current study aims to summarize the role of miR-196a in different disorders. In the most conducted studies in the framework of cancer, miR-196a has been identified as an oncogene. However, few studies are not conformed to this concept. In head and neck, lung, oral and pancreatic cancers, miR-196a is a possible diagnostic marker. In addition, it has a possible role in the pathoetiology of diabetic nephropathy, Huntington's disease, idiopathic male infertility, keloid, chronic kidney disease and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; and is regarded as a biomarker for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and chronic kidney disease. We aim to recapitulate the role of miR-196a in different malignant and non-malignant disorders.
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MicroRNAs , Neoplasias , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Neoplasias/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinogênese/genéticaRESUMO
Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a condition with a multifactorial basis. Recent research has focused on the role of genetic factors in the pathophysiology of RIF. Of particular note, miRNAs have been found to contribute to the pathogenesis of RIF. Several miRNA polymorphisms have been investigated in this context. Moreover, dysregulation of expression of a number of miRNAs, including miR-374a-5p, miR-145-5p, miR-30b-5p, miR-196b-5p, miR-22, miR-181 and miR-145 has been found in RIF. This review concentrates on the role of miRNAs in RIF to help in identification of the molecular basis for this condition and design of more effective methods for management of RIF, especially in a personalized manner that relies on the expression profiles of miRNAs in the peripheral blood or endometrium.
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MicroRNAs , Feminino , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Implantação do Embrião/genéticaRESUMO
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of non-coding transcripts in which a loop structure is shaped via a back splicing procedure. They have central roles in the regulation of gene expression. hsa_circ_0008285, alternatively named as circCDYL, is a circular RNA originated from the exon 4 of CDYL gene. It is produced by a back-splice incident and is mainly located in the cytoplasm. It has no internal ribosome entry site, open reading frame and intronic sequences. CircCDYL dysregulation has been reported in the malignant conditions including multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, Wilms tumor, bladder cancer, colon cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It also has an emerging role in the pathophysiology of non-malignant conditions including myocardial infarction, gestational diabetes mellitus, membranous nephropathy, and abdominal aortic aneurysm. In the current study, we summarize the emerging roles of circCDYL in malignant and non-malignant conditions.
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Neoplasias da Mama , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Renais , Neoplasias Pulmonares , MicroRNAs , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , RNA Circular/genéticaRESUMO
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease with a high burden and disability. There are reports of various medications' side effects on patients with MS. The aim of the study is to determine the characteristics and medicine usage distribution among patients with MS in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran. Methods: This registry-based cross-sectional study was performed among MS cases in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. The epidemiological data were collected from the nationwide MS registry of Iran (NMSRI) from 2019 to 2022. The information collected included age, sex, family history, type of MS, age at MS onset and diagnosis, MS symptoms, physical condition, and history of medication use. All tests were performed at a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS software. Results: A total of 416 patients included in this study. Among them, 325 individuals (78%) were women with mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age of 37.35 ± 8.51 years. No significant difference was observed between men and women in terms of age, type of MS disease, family history of MS, and physical condition (P > 0.05). The results showed that the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score in female patients (1.41) was different from the EDSS score in male patients (1.77) (P < 0.05). Most of the patients often used interferon beta (IFN-ß). Conclusion: The results provided new insight into the epidemiology and medicine patterns of patients with MS in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. The epidemiological situation of MS in this province is similar to other parts of Iran. Planning according to national programs is suggested for the management and control of MS.
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Our registry-based cross-sectional study covered 27,508 PwMS in Tehran with a point incidence rate and prevalence of 7.87 and 194.62 per 100,000 in 2021, respectively. We found that the incidence and prevalence of MS in Tehran are still on an upward trend which requires general attention and measures to overcome. The proportion of men with a family history of MS was significantly higher. Whilst IMSS deals with economic difficulties, it continues to collect new PwMS to reach regional-level coverage in Tehran for better MS care services.
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Esclerose Múltipla , Masculino , Humanos , Incidência , Esclerose Múltipla/epidemiologia , Esclerose Múltipla/genética , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
Epilepsy is a frequent chronic disorder of the brain characterized by intermittent epileptic seizures caused by hypersynchronous discharge of neurons in the brain. Studies have reported the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, and a number of investigations have shown decreased levels of omega-3 fatty acids in epileptic patients. We investigated differences in serum levels of two cytokines, transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß and interferon (IFN)-γ, in 40 epileptic cases prior to and after treatment with omega-3 fatty acids. IFN-γ levels were significantly increased after the 16-week treatment period (P < 0.001). However, TGF-ß levels remained unchanged (P = 0.14). Omega-3 fatty acid treatment may alter the immune response in epileptic patients. This should be considered in prescription of omega-3 fatty acid supplements in these patients. Future studies with larger sample sizes should verify the results of the current study.