SARS-CoV-2 infects adipose tissue in a fat depot- and viral lineage-dependent manner.

Visceral adiposity is a risk factor for severe COVID-19, and a link between adipose tissue infection and disease progression has been proposed. Here we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 infects human adipose tissue and undergoes productive infection in fat cells. However, susceptibility to infection and the cellular response depends on the anatomical origin of the cells and the viral lineage. Visceral fat cells express more ACE2 and are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection than their subcutaneous counterparts. SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to inhibition of lipolysis in subcutaneous fat cells, while in visceral fat cells, it results in higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Viral load and cellular response are attenuated when visceral fat cells are infected with the SARS-CoV-2 gamma variant. A similar degree of cell death occurs 4-days after SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of the cell origin or viral lineage. Hence, SARS-CoV-2 infects human fat cells, replicating and altering cell function and viability in a depot- and viral lineage-dependent fashion.

The importance of objectively measuring functional tests in complement to self-report assessments in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease which can result in chronic pain, loss of joint function and consequently decline in quality of life. RESEARCH QUESTION: A variety of instruments that measure the different dimensions of health status in patients with OA are available. However, despite the fact that WOMAC and other questionnaires and scales may provide additional understanding regarding the patient's condition, some studies have reported discrepancies between patients' perceptions and their actual ability to perform the task. The aim of the present study was investigate the physical capabilities with the function domain of WOMAC. METHODS: This study has a cross-sectional design including patients diagnosed with moderate to severe knee OA (i.e., grades II, III and IV) according to the Kellgren-Lawrence. These patients were submitted to the battery of functional tests recommended by the OARSI group (30-second chair stand test, 40 m fast paced walking test, Stair climb test, timed "Up and Go", and Six-minute walking test) and filled the WOMAC. Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression was applied. RESULTS: A total of 153 patients were included. A significant and weak correlation was observed between WOMAC and the 40-meter walking test, TUG, stair-climbing test, and the 6MWT. In addition, 30-second chair stand test demonstrated a significant and moderate correlation (r=-0.503). The multiple regression analysis results indicated that only 30-second chair stand test was a significant (p = 0.001) predictor of WOMAC. This result remains significant even after adjusting for age, BMI, total muscle mass, and number of knees affected SIGNIFICANCE: The 30-second chair stand test is associated with the WOMAC function domain. There is no correlation of this domain with any other functional tests, emphasizing the importance of including other tests for a global evaluation.

O papel do professor no desenvolvimento da sensopercepção em nadadores / Felt sense development in swimmers: work model and results / Desarrolo de la pecepción sensorial en nadadores: modelo de trabajo y resultados

A sensopercepção é a percepção das sensações internas que são geradas por meio da experiência corporal. Frente a esta realidade o papel do profissional de educação física também se torna fundamental uma vez que conduz essas práticas corporais. O objetivo do presente estudo foi mostrar a importância do professor de natação no processo de desenvolvimento da sensopercepção do aluno. A valorização do processo de sensopercepção contribuiu não só para o aprimoramento técnico nas práticas de atividade física, como promoveu nos alunos um aprendizado de melhor cuidar, valorizar e respeitar o próprio corpo. O projeto mostrou uma boa aderência pelos participantes.

The felt sense is the perception of internal sensations that are generated through the body experience. Due to this reality, the Physical Education professional role becomes fundamental, once they conduct the bodily practices. The main objective of this study was to show the importance of swimming teacher in the development process of the felt sense. The appreciation of the felt sense can contribute not only for the technical development on the physical activities, but also promote on the students a better knowledge of taking care, respect and valorize their own body. The project showed to have a good adherence of the ones involved.

La percepción sensorial es la percepción de sensaciones internas que se generan a través de la experiencia del cuerpo. Frente a esta realidad, el papel de la educación física también es crucial, ya que conduce a estas prácticas corporales. El objetivo de este estudio era demostrar la importancia del profesor de natación en el proceso de desarrollo de la percepción sensorial del estudiante. La apreciación del proceso de la percepción sensorial no sólo ha contribuido para ala mejora técnica en la práctica de la actividad física, y promovieran en los estudiantes/clientes un aprendizaje para mejor cuidar, valorar y respetar su propio cuerpo. El proyecto mostró una buena adherencia de los participantes.

An initial psychometric evaluation and exploratory cross-sectional study of the body checking questionnaire among Brazilian women.

Body checking is considered an expression of an excessive preoccupation with appearance. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ). Additionally, we wanted to examine the questionnaire's associations with body avoidance behaviour, body mass index, dietary habits, and the intensity, frequency, and length of physical exercise. Finally, we also examined the differences between the total BCQ score and the individual BCQ factor scores. Differences between active and sedentary persons and between non-dieters and those on weight-loss diets were also analyzed. For the psychometric study, 546 female public university students from four different courses were surveyed. Two minor samples of university students and eating disorders women were also recruited. In the second part of the study, 403 women were recruited from weight-loss programs, gyms, and a university. All participants were verbally invited to participate in the research and voluntarily took part. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit to the original model of the Brazilian BCQ that retained all 23 items. Satisfactory evidence of construct validity and internal consistency were also generated through analysis of factor loadings, t-values, Cronbach's alpha, and construct reliability tests. The results also showed associations among body checking and body avoidance, body satisfaction, social anxiety, body mass index, and the frequency and intensity of physical exercise. Significant differences were found between non-dieters and weight-loss dieters for all BCQ factors and the total BCQ score. For physically active and sedentary persons, a significant difference was only observed for idiosyncratic checking behaviour. In conclusion, the BCQ appears to be a valid and reliable scale for Brazilian research, and the associations and differences found in this study suggest that women at gyms and especially in weight-loss programs should be targeted for future body checking studies.