RESUMO
Myocardial bridging (MB) is a congenital coronary artery anomaly involving an overlying myocardium's partial or complete encasement of a coronary artery segment. The obstruction can lead to significant cardiac symptoms, resulting in myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Several approaches, including invasive and non-invasive methods, have been proposed to diagnose and manage MB. Invasive modalities, such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and coronary angiography, offer high specificity and sensitivity. In contrast, non-invasive methods like Doppler ultrasound, multislice computed tomography (MSCT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are advantageous due to their non-invasive nature, high sensitivity and specificity, and cost-effectiveness. Treatment options for MB mainly focus on relieving symptoms and preventing adverse outcomes. The use of pharmacological agents and surgical and percutaneous interventions has been documented in numerous studies. Studies conclude that MB is a treatable cardiac anomaly, and a combined approach of diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up is necessary to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.
RESUMO
Berberine (BBR) is an ancient plant popular in China and is used to treat dyslipidemia, among other cardiovascular and metabolic-related diseases. BBR has historically been regarded as having multiple benefits, with a few clinical trials indicating this fact. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar with the following keywords: Berberidaceae, berberine, Berberis spp., dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and inflammation. We synthesized the information within the literature to provide an updated review of BBR, its potential, and its applicability in real-world medicine in the future. This review sought to evaluate the literature and advancement in BBR's efficacy regarding dyslipidemia, inflammation, and atherosclerosis.
RESUMO
Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cerebral ventricles and is considered an emergency in acute presentation. Hydrocephalus typically presents with symptoms of headache, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, vision changes and seizure; furthermore, narrowing down the underlying etiology of hydrocephalus can aid in treatment and management options. We present a rare case of a patient that presented with a recent diagnosis of COVID-19 and was found to have acute hydrocephalus and stroke. The aim of this case report is to explore the link between COVID-19 and the development of hydrocephalus and stroke by delineating the underlying pathophysiology of COVID-19 as well as the etiologies of hydrocephalus and possible management strategies. We hope to highlight the importance of keeping an open differential for presentations of headaches and also emphasize the potential complications of COVID-19 infection to help better patient outcomes.