Potential links between COVID-19 and periodontitis: a bioinformatic analysis based on GEO datasets.

BACKGROUND: 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 pandemic has already had a serious influence on human existence, causing a huge public health concern for countries all around the world. Because SARS-CoV-2 infection can be spread by contact with the oral cavity, the link between oral illness and COVID-19 is gaining traction. Through bioinformatics approaches, we explored the possible molecular mechanisms linking the COVID-19 and periodontitis to provide the basis and direction for future research. METHODS: Transcriptomic data from blood samples of patients with COVID-19 and periodontitis was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The shared differentially expressed genes were identified. The analysis of Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genesand Genomes pathway, and protein-protein interaction network was conducted for the shared differentially expressed genes. Top 5 hub genes were selected through Maximal Clique Centrality algorithm. Then mRNA-miRNA network of the hub genes was established based on miRDB database, miRTarbase database and Targetscan database. The Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis was used to discover possible biomarkers, which were then investigated in relation to immune-related genes. RESULTS: Fifty-six shared genes were identified through differential expression analysis in COVID-19 and periodontitis. The function of these genes was enriched in regulation of hormone secretion, regulation of secretion by cell. Myozenin 2 was identified through Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression Analysis, which was down-regulated in both COVID-19 and periodontitis. There was a positive correlation between Myozenin 2 and the biomarker of activated B cell, memory B cell, effector memory CD4 T cell, Type 17 helper cell, T follicular helper cell and Type 2 helper cell. CONCLUSION: By bioinformatics analysis, Myozenin 2 is predicted to correlate to the pathogenesis and immune infiltrating of COVID-19 and periodontitis. However, more clinical and experimental researches are needed to validate the function of Myozenin 2.

Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Pulpitis Treated with Different Root Canal Flushing Fluids Based on VAS and Temporomandibular Joint Function.

Pulpitis is one of the common diseases indicated by the department of stomatology that is located in the tooth and contains abundant nerve vessels. In order to evaluate the pain degree and functional recovery of patients after treatment by visual analogue pain scale (VAS) and temporomandibular joint function score, a retrospective analysis was performed on 128 patients diagnosed with pulpitis who received root canal treatment in the department of stomatology from January 2020 to March 2021. The results show that 3%NaClO combined with 0.9% sodium chloride injection can effectively relieve the pain degree of patients after treatment, and the antibacterial effect is significantly better than 3%H2O2 combined with 0.9% normal saline. Meanwhile, it can effectively improve the temporomandibular joint function and reduce the recurrence rate, which has good clinical application value.

Diagnosis of pathological minor salivary glands in primary Sjogren's syndrome by using Raman spectroscopy.

The lip biopsy is essential for the diagnosis of primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) but an invasive method can cause some disadvantages. The purpose of this study is to apply Raman spectroscopy to detect the pathological minor salivary glands in primary SS and establish the diagnostic model of Raman spectra of the primary SS samples. Raman spectra from the primary samples and control samples were obtained by Raman microscope and were compared to find the differences. The principal component analysis (PCA) and discrimination function analysis (DFA) were employed to analyze the spectra and establish the diagnostic model. The differences of Raman spectra demonstrated the biochemical molecular alterations between the different samples. Compared with the control samples, the content of proteins, nucleic acids, and keratin increased in the primary SS samples but the content of lipids decreased. PCA and DFA displayed a powerful role in the classification of the Raman spectra. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic model reached above 91 and 92%, respectively. The total accuracy is 92.4%. Raman spectroscopy combined with PCA-DFA algorithm will provide an effective and accurate technology for the diagnosis of the pathological minor salivary glands in primary SS, which may replace the lip biopsy in the future.

[Microscopic Raman spectral characteristics and diagnostic value of pathological lip minor salivary glands affected in primary Sjögren's syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Raman spectral characteristics of the pathological lip minor salivary glands affected in primary Sjögren's syndrome. METHODS: Thirty pathological samples and 30 normal samples were collected in this study. The samples were examined by Raman microscope.Support vector machine(SVM) was employed to analyze the data and establish the classification model. RESULTS: The spectra of pathological tissues was different from the controls in proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and glycogen skeleton. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the model established by SVM on the training sets were all 92.0% (92/100), but the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the model established by SVM on the testing sets were 69.2% (37/53), 100.0% (37/37) and 82.0% (73/89) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There was significant difference in Raman spectra between the pathological and normal lip salivary glands, and the classification model established by SVM could discriminate the pathological glands from the normal ones.