Virtual Active Learning to Maximize Knowledge Acquisition in Nursing Students: A Comparative Study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing students need to acquire knowledge through active methods that promote critical thinking and decision making. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether there are differences in the acquisition of knowledge by nursing students between active face-to-face or virtual teaching methods. METHODS: In this comparative study, nursing students enrolled in the psychology course were divided into two groups: a face-to-face group that received active teaching methods and a virtual group. The virtual group was exposed to the Effective Learning Strategy (ELS), which included seminars based on video content through the Virtual Campus and answering questions using the H5P tool. In addition, participants engaged in reflection tasks on the content. Covariate data were collected, and knowledge tests were administered to both groups before and after the course. After three months, subjects were re-evaluated with a final exam to assess content retention. RESULTS: A total of 280 students were randomized. No differences were found in students' scores at the end of the knowledge test or in their final grades in the subject. Having study habits (b = 0.12, p = 0.03) and social support from relevant people (b = 0.09; p = 0.03) were associated with better post-intervention scores, and inversely with social support from friends (b = -0.12, p < 0.01). Final grades were inversely associated with digital safety literacy (b = -0.101, p = 0.01). No factors were associated with the scores of each group separately. CONCLUSIONS: The ELS virtual active learning model is as effective as face-to-face active learning methods for teaching psychology to first-year nursing students. This study was not registered.

Psychometric validation of the Kolcaba General Comfort Questionnaire in critically ill patients.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of validated tools to measure comfort in critically ill patients. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ) in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). METHODOLOGY: A total of 580 patients were recruited, randomising the sample into two homogeneous subgroups of 290 patients for exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. The GCQ was used to assess patient comfort. Reliability, structural validity, and criterion validity were analysed. RESULTS: The final version included 28 of the 48 items from the original version of the GCQ. This tool was named the Comfort Questionnaire (CQ)-ICU, maintaining all types and contexts of the Kolcaba theory. The resulting factorial structure included seven factors: psychological context, need for information, physical context, sociocultural context, emotional support, spirituality, and environmental context. A Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.785 was obtained, with Bartlett's sphericity test (0.000) being significant, and the total variance explained was 49.750%. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.807, with subscale values ranging from 0.788 to 0.418. Regarding convergent validity, high positive correlations were obtained between the factors and the GCQ score, the CQ-ICU score, and the criterion item GCQ31: "I am content". In terms of divergent validity, correlations were low with the APACHE II scale and with the NRS-O except for physical context (-0.267). CONCLUSION: The Spanish version of the CQ-ICU is a valid and reliable tool to assess comfort in an ICU population 24 h after admission. Although the resulting multidimensional structure does not replicate the Kolcaba Comfort Model, all types and contexts of the Kolcaba theory are included. Therefore, this tool enables an individualised and holistic evaluation of comfort needs.

[INEFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THERAPEUTIC REGIMEN AND NONCOMPLIANCE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH EPISODES WONCA]. / Manejo infectivo de régimen terapéutico e incumplimiento de tratamento y su relacíon con episodios CIAP.

UNLABELLED: At the present time, failure to follow prescribed treatments is a problem of deep draft of health systems. The problem is both clinical and economic. Nurses are main responsible, within the health system, to ensure the proper monitoring of therapeutic guidelines agreed with the patients, by themselves or by other health care professionals. The aim of this work is to determine the health problems (expressed through the ICPC-WONCA classification) in which occurs more often no tracking treatments, following a nurse methodology, specifically relating ICPC codes with patients diagnosed with <> or <> of NANDA-I classification. METHOD: It has been made a descriptive and retrospective study. The data used are drawn from the clinical history of OMI-AP (manager) of all patients of all health centers in the Madrid region, during 2006, 2007 and 2008. RESULTS: 36.1 % ofpatients who fail or do not properly handle the treatment were classified with ICPC code K86 uncomplicated hypertension; 33.2 % with non-insulin dependent diabetes T90; 8 % with A13 treatment fear; and 5.6% with Obesity T8. There are no differences between men and women regarding compliance and the age group over 50 years is having major problems in monitoring their treatment.

[Levonorgestrel. The day-after pill]. / Levonorgestrel. La píldora del día después.

Only making use of Levonorgestrel as a post intercourse anti-conceptive method has proven to be more effective than prior methods and is the object under study in this report. This post intercourse anti-conceptive consists of a set of methods which, employed after at risk sexual intercourse and within a maximum period of time, avoid pregnancy. This post intercourse anti-conceptive is not considered to be an abortion method but it should not be used as a habitual anti-conceptive method due to its adverse effects and its numerous interactions with other pharmaceutical products. Its use shall be limited to emergency situations. Special emphasis must be given as part of health education to females who employ this technique. As health professionals, we need to know this topic in depth so that we can best advise those persons in need of information. The authors propose to provide general information about aspects related to this pharmaceutical product.