RESUMO
After bariatric surgery one of the most common complications is dysphagia. The etiology of this disease has not been fully elucidated but it is known that it may be due to structural changes due to surgery. This case describes a 65-year-old female with early and severe onset of dysphagia following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The patient's final diagnosis was postobesity surgery esophageal dysfunction and laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with esophagojejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis was performed. Physicians should be aware of this condition in order to offer early diagnosis and treatment.
Assuntos
Gastrectomia , Laparoscopia , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Transtornos de Deglutição/diagnóstico , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Obesidade Mórbida/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
ABSTRACT After bariatric surgery one of the most common complications is dysphagia. The etiology of this disease has not been fully elucidated but it is known that it may be due to structural changes due to surgery. This case describes a 65-year-old female with early and severe onset of dysphagia following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The patient's final diagnosis was postobesity surgery esophageal dysfunction and laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with esophagojejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis was performed. Physicians should be aware of this condition in order to offer early diagnosis and treatment.
RESUMEN Después de una cirugía bariátrica una de las complicaciones más comunes es la disfagia. La etiología de esta enfermedad no ha sido completamente dilucidada, pero se sabe que puede deberse a cambios estructurales debidos a la cirugía. En este reporte se describe el caso de una mujer de 65 años con disfagia severa de aparición temprana después de una en manga gástrica laparoscópica. El diagnóstico final del paciente fue de una disfunción esofágica posterior a una cirugía de obesidad y se planteó como manejo una gastrectomía proximal laparoscópica con anastomosis esofagoyeyunal en Y de Roux. Hay que tener en cuenta las complicaciones a corto y largo plazo que se pueden presentar luego de cirugías de obesidad para poder realizar un diagnóstico temprano y poder ofrecer un tratamiento adecuado.
RESUMO
Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is now considered the standard treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC). However, the widespread adoption of ESD in western countries has been slow. We performed a systematic review to evaluate short-term outcomes of ESD for EGC in non-Asian countries. Methods: We searched 3 electronic databases from inception until October 26, 2022. Primary outcomes were en bloc, R0 and curative resections rate by region. Secondary outcomes were overall complications, bleeding, and perforation rate by region. The proportion of each outcome, with the 95% confidence interval (CI), was pooled using a random-effects model with the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation. Results: Twenty-seven studies from Europe (n=14), South America (n=11) and North America (n=2) were included, involving 1875 gastric lesions. Overall, en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates were achieved in 96% (95%CI 94-98%), 85% (95%CI 81-89%), and 77% (95%CI 73-81%) of cases, respectively. Considering only information from lesions with adenocarcinoma, the overall curative resection was 75% (95CI 70-80%). Bleeding and perforation were observed in 5% (95%CI 4-7%) and 2% (95%CI 1-4%) of cases, respectively. Conclusion: Our results suggest that short-term outcomes of ESD for the treatment of EGC are acceptable in non-Asian countries.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment for differentiated early gastric cancer (EGC). However, its expanded indication for undifferentiated EGC is controversial. In this study, the efficacy and safety of ESD versus surgery in patients with undifferentiated EGC were compared. METHODS: four databases were searched until February 24, 2022, for studies assessing patients with undifferentiated EGC that met an expanded indication for endoscopic resection and who were treated with ESD or surgery. Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and any recurrence. Secondary outcomes were complete histological resection, local recurrence, metachronous recurrence, synchronous recurrence, distant metastasis, overall complication, and bleeding. All meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects models. Unadjusted (risk ratio [RR]) and adjusted (aRR and hazard ratio [aHR]) estimates with 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: seven cohort studies were included (n = 2637). The use of ESD was significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality compared to surgery (RR, 2.17; 95 % CI, 1.24-3.81); adjusted all-cause mortality effects were not significant (aRR, 2.28; 95 % CI, 0.95-5.47 and aHR, 1.97; 95 % CI, 0.85-4.53). ESD was associated with a higher risk of any recurrence using unadjusted (RR, 5.24; 95 % CI, 1.49-18.46) and adjusted (aRR, 7.89; 95 % CI, 1.52-40.95 and aHR, 3.73; 95 % CI, 1.17-11.90) estimates. The risk of local recurrence, synchronous recurrence and bleeding were significantly higher for ESD versus surgery. No significant differences were found for other secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: although ESD is associated with a higher risk of any recurrence, adjusted all-cause mortality is similar during follow-up. Overall complications were similar between ESD and surgery.
Assuntos
Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa/efeitos adversos , Endoscopia , Mucosa Gástrica/cirurgia , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the preferred technique for treating early gastric cancer (EGC). However, very few studies have been conducted in South America. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ESD for EGC. METHODS: We analyzed data from a prospective cohort from 2013 to 2020. A total of 152 superficial gastric neoplasms that fulfilled the absolute or expanded criteria for ESD were included. Outcomes were en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates, incidence of adverse events, and length of procedure. RESULTS: The age of the enrolled patients was 68.4±11.3 years. The number of included patients based on the absolute and expanded indications was 150 and 2, respectively. En bloc, R0, and curative resections were achieved in 98.0%, 96.1%, and 89.5% of the cases, respectively. Bleeding and perforation were reported in 5.9% and 6.6% of the cases, respectively. Histopathological examination revealed lowgrade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in 13, 20, 117, and 2 cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that ESD performed by properly trained endoscopists in reference centers is safe and effective, with comparable therapeutic outcomes to those reported in the Eastern series.
RESUMO
A 15-year-old male patient presented with dysphagia, regurgitation, weight loss and retrosternal pain. The diagnosis of achalasia was made 4 years before. The esophagogram revealed severe esophagus dilatation and the classic "bird-beak" termination. A Heller myotomy plus fundoplication and endoscopic balloon dilatation were conducted four months previously. Nevertheless, the symptoms persisted and the last high-resolution manometry study still showed achalasia type II. The patient underwent a peroral endoscopic esophageal myotomy (POEM). POEM is a feasible and safe procedure for experienced and properly-equipped health care delivery centers and could be used as a rescue treatment in refractory achalasia. We present the youngest patient with achalasia in our region who had a successful response to rescue POEM.
Assuntos
Acalasia Esofágica , Miotomia de Heller , Cirurgia Endoscópica por Orifício Natural , Adolescente , Criança , Acalasia Esofágica/diagnóstico , Acalasia Esofágica/cirurgia , Esfíncter Esofágico Inferior/cirurgia , Fundoplicatura , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A 15-year-old male patient presented with dysphagia, regurgitation, weight loss and retrosternal pain. The diagnosis of achalasia was made 4 years before. The esophagogram revealed severe esophagus dilatation and the classic "bird-beak" termination. A Heller myotomy plus fundoplication and endoscopic balloon dilatation were conducted four months previously. Nevertheless, the symptoms persisted and the last high-resolution manometry study still showed achalasia type II. The patient underwent a peroral endoscopic esophageal myotomy (POEM). POEM is a feasible and safe procedure for experienced and properly- equipped health care delivery centers and could be used as a rescue treatment in refractory achalasia. We present the youngest patient with achalasia in our region who had a successful response to rescue POEM.
Un paciente varón de 15 años, con el diagnóstico de acalasia realizado 4 años antes, acudió a evaluación por presentar disfagia, regurgitación, pérdida de peso y dolor restroesternal. El esofagograma baritado evidenció una dilatación severa del esófago y la terminación clásica en "pico de pájaro". El paciente había sido sometido a una miotomía de Heller más fundoplicatura y posteriormente a una dilatación esofágica con balón 4 meses atrás. Sin embargo, los síntomas persistían y la última manometría de alta resolución reveló acalasia tipo II. Finalmente, se realizó una miotomía endoscópica por vía oral (POEM); el cual es un procedimiento seguro y accesible en centros experimentados y debidamente equipados, pudiendo ser una adecuada opción de tratamiento en casos de acalasia refractaria. Presentamos el caso del paciente más joven en nuestra región con acalasia con una respuesta exitosa a un POEM de rescate.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: colorectal perforations are one of the most feared complications after performing an endoscopic resection. The use of endoclips is considered for the management of these complications. OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the use of endoclips in the management of perforations and deep mural injuries that occur after an endoscopic colorectal resection. METHODS: a prospective cohort of consecutively included patients was used with a diagnosis of perforation or deep mural injury after an endoscopic colorectal resection treated with endoclips in our institution. The rates of perforation and deep mural injury were obtained. The factors associated with an unfavorable evolution after the placement of the endoclips were analyzed. RESULTS: after 342 endoscopic mucosal resections (EMR) and 42 endoscopic submucosal dissections (ESD), there were 25 cases with perforation or deep mural injury. The deep mural injury rate was 3.22 % and 7.14 % in the case of EMR and ESD, respectively. The perforation rate was 1.46 % and 14.29 % in the case of EMR and ESD, respectively. Successful closure with endoclips was achieved in 24 cases (96 %). Only one patient presented an unfavorable evolution (10 %) after successful closure. The factors associated with an unfavorable evolution were the presence of diffuse peritoneal symptoms and a perforation size greater than or equal to 10 mm. CONCLUSION: endoscopic closure with endoclips is effective to avoid surgery in cases of deep mural injury or perforation after an endoscopic resection.
Assuntos
Colo , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Colo/cirurgia , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa/efeitos adversos , Endoscopia , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
A wide variety of benign and malignant submucosal lesions may arise from the wall of the large intestine. They can originate in the submucosa or in the muscular propia; furthermore, they can be caused by compression of extrinsic structures.1,2 We report a case of a submucosal mass identified as a fecalith protruding into the cecum.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: In recent years there has been an increase in the use of self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) in patients with unresectable malignant stenosis of the bile duct. However, in Peru there are no reports on the safety and efficacy of this procedure. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the use of SEMS in the palliative management of malignant stenosis of the bile duct. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort. All patients referred for placement of biliary SEMS as part of a palliative treatment between January 2016 and August 2018 were included. Rates of successful placement of SEMS, adequate palliation of the obstruction, and complications associated with the procedure were obtained. The patency of the prosthesis was evaluated during follow-up. Survival was determined after placement of the prosthesis. RESULTS: We included 32 patients with indication of palliative management due to an unresectable malignant stenosis of the bile duct. Pancreatic cancer (56.25%) followed by cholangiocarcinoma (31.25%) were the most frequent etiologies. A successful first-time placement rate of 96.97% was achieved. Adequate palliation of biliary obstruction was achieved in 100% of patients (p<0.05). Two SEMStc migrated during follow-up (6.25%) being managed with the placement of a new SEMSuc. CONCLUSIONS: The placement of SEMS is a safe and effective therapeutic strategy in the palliative management of patients with malignant obstruction of the biliary tract.
Assuntos
Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/complicações , Colestase/etiologia , Colestase/cirurgia , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Stents Metálicos Autoexpansíveis , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Stents Metálicos Autoexpansíveis/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Antecedentes: En los últimos años se ha producido un incremento del uso de prótesis metálicas autoexpandibles (SEMS) en pacientes con estenosis malignas irresecables de la vía biliar. Sin embargo, en Perú no se cuentan con reportes sobre la seguridad y eficacia de este procedimiento. Objetivo: Evaluar la seguridad y eficacia del uso de las SEMS en el manejo paliativo de las estenosis malignas de la vía biliar. Materiales y métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva. Se incluyeron a todos los pacientes referidos para colocación de SEMS biliar como parte de un tratamiento paliativo entre enero del 2016 y agosto del 2018. Se obtuvieron las tasas de colocación exitosa de las SEMS, de paliación adecuada de la obstrucción y de complicaciones asociadas al procedimiento. Se evaluó la patencia de la prótesis durante el seguimiento. Se determinó la supervivencia luego de la colocación de la prótesis. Resultados: Se incluyeron 32 pacientes con indicación de manejo paliativo debido a una estenosis maligna irresecable de la vía biliar. El cáncer de páncreas (56,25%) seguido del colangiocarcinoma (31,25%) fueron las etiologías más frecuentes. Se alcanzó una tasa de colocación exitosa en primera intención de 96,97%. La paliación adecuada de la obstrucción biliar se alcanzó en el 100% de los pacientes (p<0,05). Dos SEMStc migraron durante el seguimiento (6,25%) siendo manejados con la colocación de una nueva SEMSnc. Conclusiones: La colocación de SEMS constituye una estrategia segura, con alta tasa de éxito terapéutico en el manejo paliativo de los pacientes con obstrucción maligna de la vía biliar.
Background: In recent years there has been an increase in the use of self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) in patients with unresectable malignant stenosis of the bile duct. However, in Peru there are no reports on the safety and efficacy of this procedure. Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the use of SEMS in the palliative management of malignant stenosis of the bile duct. Materials and methods: Retrospective cohort. All patients referred for placement of biliary SEMS as part of a palliative treatment between January 2016 and August 2018 were included. Rates of successful placement of SEMS, adequate palliation of the obstruction, and complications associated with the procedure were obtained. The patency of the prosthesis was evaluated during follow-up. Survival was determined after placement of the prosthesis. Results: We included 32 patients with indication of palliative management due to an unresectable malignant stenosis of the bile duct. Pancreatic cancer (56.25%) followed by cholangiocarcinoma (31.25%) were the most frequent etiologies. A successful first-time placement rate of 96.97% was achieved. Adequate palliation of biliary obstruction was achieved in 100% of patients (p<0.05). Two SEMStc migrated during follow-up (6.25%) being managed with the placement of a new SEMSuc. Conclusions: The placement of SEMS is a safe and effective therapeutic strategy in the palliative management of patients with malignant obstruction of the biliary tract.
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/complicações , Colestase/cirurgia , Colestase/etiologia , Stents Metálicos Autoexpansíveis , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos de Coortes , Resultado do Tratamento , Stents Metálicos Autoexpansíveis/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Hyperplastic polyps are the most frequent benign epithelial gastric polyps. Although they are considered nonneoplastic, some cases have been reported with focal adenocarcinoma. We present the case of a 59-year-old woman with a sessile lesion of 15 mm on the distal gastric body associated with an extensive atrophic gastritis. Magnifying endoscopy with Fuji Intelligent Color Enhancement (FICE) revealed an irregular microsurface pattern at the apex, suggesting malignancy. A mucosectomy was performed. The histopathology revealed that the base corresponded to a hyperplastic polyp, where a tubular adenoma with high-grade dysplasia was established, with focal well-differentiated intramucosal tubular adenocarcinoma.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The incidental detection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NET) has increased but there is no proper consensus about treatment. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic treatment for rectal NET less than 20 mm, with emphasis in "standardized treatment". MATERIAL AND METHODS: From January 2012 to April 2016, we included patients with rectal NET less than 20 mm resected by conventional EMR, EMR-B and ESD. We considered as "standardized treatment" the one that has precise indication and technical rigor (EMR-B for lesions ≤ 10 mm and ESD for lesions between 11 and 20 mm). We evaluate complete resection rates and incidence of complications. RESULTS: 23 patients with 23 rectal NET were included. The mean age was 52.96 ± 12.44 years. The mean tumor diameter was 8.8 ± 3.4 mm. The complete resection rates by conventional EMR, EMR-Band ESD were 50 (3/6), 92.8 (13/14) and 100% (3/3), respectively; while by standardized and conventional treatment were 100 (14/14) and 55.5% (5/9), respectively. Complications occurred in 4 cases (17.4%), bleeding in 2 and perforation in 2, all of them solved by endoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic treatment by EMR-B and ESD is efficacious and safe for rectal NET ≤ 20 mm. Standardized treatment improve the efficacy of endoscopic treatment.
Assuntos
Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/cirurgia , Proctoscopia , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peru , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Introducción: La detección incidental de tumores neuroendocrinos (TNE) rectales se ha incrementado, pero todavía no hay consenso apropiado para su tratamiento. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad del tratamiento endoscópico de los TNE rectales menores de 20 mm, con énfasis en el "tratamiento estandarizado". Material y métodos: De enero del 2012 a abril del 2016, se incluyeron pacientes con TNE rectales menores de 20 mm que se resecaron mediante mucosectomía convencional (RME), mucosectomía asistida con endoligadura (RME-L) y disección submucosa endoscópica (DSE). Se consideró como "tratamiento estandarizado" aquel con indicación precisa y rigurosidad técnica (RME-L para lesiones ≤ 10 mm y DSE para lesiones entre 11 y 20 mm). Se evaluaron las tasas de resección completa, así como la incidencia de complicaciones. Resultados: 23 pacientes con 23 TNE rectales fueron incluidos. La edad promedio fue 52,96 ± 12,44 años. El tamaño promedio fue de 8,8 ± 3,4mm. Las tasas de resección completa con RME, RME-L y DSE fueron 50 (3/6), 92,8 (13/14) y 100% (3/3), respectivamente; mientras que con el tratamiento estandarizado y convencional fueron 100 (14/14) y 55,5% (5/9), respectivamente. Las complicaciones ocurrieron en 4 casos (17,4%), sangrado en 2 y perforación en 2, todos resueltos por endoscopía. Conclusiones: El tratamiento endoscópico mediante RME-L y DSE es eficaz y seguro para la resección de TNE rectales menores de 20 mm. El tratamiento estandarizado potencializa la eficacia de la terapia endoscópica.
Introduction: The incidental detection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NET) has increased but there is no proper consensus about treatment. Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic treatment for rectal NET less than 20 mm, with emphasis in "standardized treatment". Material and methods: From January 2012 to April 2016, we included patients with rectal NET less than 20 mm resected by conventional EMR, EMR-B and ESD. We considered as "standardized treatment" the one that has precise indication and technical rigor (EMR-B for lesions ≤ 10 mm and ESD for lesions between 11 and 20 mm). We evaluate complete resection rates and incidence of complications. Results: 23 patients with 23 rectal NET were included. The mean age was 52.96 ± 12.44 years. The mean tumor diameter was 8.8 ± 3.4 mm. The complete resection rates by conventional EMR, EMR-Band ESD were 50 (3/6), 92.8 (13/14) and 100% (3/3), respectively; while by standardized and conventional treatment were 100 (14/14) and 55.5% (5/9), respectively. Complications occurred in 4 cases (17.4%), bleeding in 2 and perforation in 2, all of them solved by endoscopy. Conclusions: Endoscopic treatment by EMR-B and ESD is efficacious and safe for rectal NET ≤ 20 mm. Standardized treatment improve the efficacy of endoscopic treatment.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Proctoscopia , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/cirurgia , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Peru , Estudos Prospectivos , Seguimentos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Introducción: Los pacientes con pólipos colorrectales no pediculados grandes (PCNP-G) han sido tradicionalmente tratados quirúrgicamente. Los avances en la endoscopía terapéutica permiten que la resección endoscópica de estas lesiones pueda ser considerada como una alternativa a la cirugía. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la resección endoscópica en pacientes con PCNP-G. Materiales y métodos: Cohorte prospectiva multicéntrica. Se incluyeron a todos los pacientes referidos para resección endoscópica de PCNP-G entre enero del 2012 y diciembre del 2015, seguidos hasta agosto del 2016. Se obtuvieron las tasas de resecciones exitosas, de recurrencia y de complicaciones. Se analizaron los factores predictivos asociados a resección no exitosa y a recurrencia. Resultados: Se incluyeron 107 pacientes con 115 PCNP-G. La tasa de resección exitosa fue de 92%. Las complicaciones más comunes fueron el sangrado (8,7%) y la perforación (2,6%). La tasa de recurrencia fue de 7%, todas tratadas endoscópicamente con éxito. Los factores predictivos de resección no exitosa fueron una medida >50 mm de la lesión resecada y la presencia de fibrosis; y el único factor predictivo de recurrencia fue una medida >50 mm del pólipo resecado. Conclusiones: La resección endoscópica de los PCNP-G es altamente eficaz y segura
Introduction: Patients with large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps (L-NPCP) have been traditionally treated with surgery. Advances in therapeutic endoscopy allow endoscopic resection of these lesions and can be considered as an alternative to surgery. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection in patients with L-NPCP. Methods: A prospective multicentric cohort. All patients referred for endoscopic resection with L-NPCP between January 2012 and December 2015, followed until August 2016, were included. Rates of successful resection, recurrence and complications were obtained. Predictive factors associated with unsuccessful resection and recurrence were analyzed. Results: 115 L-NPCP in 107 patients were included. The rate of successful resection was 92%. The most common complications were bleeding (8.7%) and perforation (2.6%). The recurrence rate was 7%, all successfully treated with a new endoscopic session. Predictors of unsuccessful resection were a measure >50 mm of the lesion and the presence of fibrosis; and the only predictor of recurrence was a size of the polyp resected >50 mm. Conclusions: Endoscopic resection of L-NPCP is very efficacious and safe
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Colorretais/cirurgia , Pólipos Intestinais/cirurgia , Colonoscopia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Fibrose , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Pólipos do Colo/cirurgia , Pólipos do Colo/patologia , Pólipos Intestinais/patologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Colonoscopia/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiologia , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic resection is the first option treatment of early gastric cancer with invasion to mucosa or superficial submucosa, because the risk of nodal metastasis is negligible. Then the prediction of tumor invasion is cardinal. OBJECTIVES: Determine the accuracy of endoscopic prediction for tumor invasion depth in early gastric neoplasia and define endoscopic characteristics associated with massive submucosal invasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective sudy of diagnostic test validation. We included patients with early gastric neoplasias that were endoscopically or surgically resected from January 2012 to May 2016. Every lesion was looked for the presence of these features: margin elevation, central elevation, irregular surface, enlarged folds, size > 30mm and rigidity. The invasion prediction was categorized in: M-Sm1 when none feature was present, Sm2 when 2 or more features were present, and indeterminated when only one feature was present. We compared endoscopic prediction to pathological staging and determined diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: The global accuracy for endoscopic prediction was 98.2%. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for M-Sm1 prediction were 97.6, 100, 100 y 92.8%, and for Sm2 prediction were 100, 97.6, 92.8 y 97.6%, respectively. Rigidity, irregular Surface, margin elevation and enlarged folds were associated with Sm2 invasion. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic prediction of tumor invasion depth in early gastric neoplasia is very accurate. The main endoscopic feature associated with Sm2 invasion is rigidity.
Assuntos
Adenoma/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Gastroscopia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenoma/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma/cirurgia , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Feminino , Gastrectomia/métodos , Mucosa Gástrica/diagnóstico por imagem , Mucosa Gástrica/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Peru , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In Peru, there are still no local studies designed for evaluating the performance of clinical guidelines designed to stratify patients according to probability of choledocholithiasis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of predictive criteria proposed by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) in diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study conducted in a hospital in Lima (Rebagliati hospital). Were included all patients with suspected choledocholithiasis who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) between July 2014 and June 2015. Predictors of choledocholithiasis proposed by the ASGE and the diagnostic performance of the risk categories were evaluated. RESULTS: 118 patients met the inclusion criteria. In multivariate analysis, only age >55 years (OR: 3.07 [95: 1.14-8.31], p = 0.027) and the finding of stones in the common bile duct by abdominal ultrasound (OR: 1.68 [95% CI: 1.09-2.59], p = 0.018) were associated with the presence of choledocholithiasis on ERCP. The performance of the high and intermediate risk categories were 75.82% and 70.37% respectively. The performance of the high-risk category improved to 85.90% using a second set of biochemical markers. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of the predictors and risk categories proposed by the ASGE in diagnosis of choledocholithiasis is acceptable in our hospital, according to the proposed standards; however, it must be further improved to prevent the use of diagnostic ERCP.
Assuntos
Coledocolitíase/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica , Feminino , Hospitais , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Peru , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Antecedentes: En el Perú no se cuenta con ningún estudio que evalúe el rendimiento de la guía clínica actual orientada a estratificar a los pacientes según probabilidad de presentar coledocolitiasis. Objetivos: Evaluar el rendimiento de los criterios predictivos propuestos por la Sociedad Americana de Endoscopía Gastrointestinal (ASGE) en el diagnóstico de coledocolitiasis. Materiales y métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva realizada en el hospital Rebagliati. Se incluyeron a todos los pacientes con sospecha de coledocolitiasis que contaron con una colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) entre julio del 2014 y junio del 2015. Se evaluaron los predictores de coledocolitiasis propuestos por la ASGE y el rendimiento diagnóstico de las categorías de riesgo. Resultados: Se incluyeron 118 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. En el análisis multivariado sólo la edad >55 años (OR:3,07, [IC 95: 1,14-8,31], p=0,027) y el hallazgo de litiasis en la vía biliar común mediante ecografía (OR: 1,68 [IC 95%: 1,09-2,59], p=0,018) se asociaron a la existencia de coledocolitiasis en la CPRE. Los rendimientos de las categorías de riesgo elevado y de riesgo intermedio fueron de 75,82% y 70,37% respectivamente. El rendimiento de la categoría de riesgo elevado mejoró a 85,90% utilizando un segundo set de pruebas de laboratorio control. Conclusiones: El rendimiento de los predictores y las categorías de riesgo propuestos por la ASGE en el diagnóstico de coledocolitiasis es aceptable en nuestro hospital, acorde con los estándares propuestos; sin embargo, creemos que aún debe mejorar para evitar el uso de CPREs diagnósticas.
Background: In Peru, there are still no local studies designed for evaluating the performance of clinical guidelines designed to stratify patients according to probability of choledocholithiasis. Objectives: To evaluate the performance of predictive criteria proposed by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) in diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study conducted in a hospital in Lima (Rebagliati hospital). Were included all patients with suspected choledocholithiasis who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) between July 2014 and June 2015. Predictors of choledocholithiasis proposed by the ASGE and the diagnostic performance of the risk categories were evaluated. Results: 118 patients met the inclusion criteria. In multivariate analysis, only age >55 years (OR: 3.07 [95: 1.14-8.31], p = 0.027) and the finding of stones in the common bile duct by abdominal ultrasound (OR: 1.68 [95% CI: 1.09-2.59], p = 0.018) were associated with the presence of choledocholithiasis on ERCP. The performance of the high and intermediate risk categories were 75.82% and 70.37% respectively. The performance of the high-risk category improved to 85.90% using a second set of biochemical markers. Conclusions: The performance of the predictors and risk categories proposed by the ASGE in diagnosis of choledocholithiasis is acceptable in our hospital, according to the proposed standards; however, it must be further improved to prevent the use of diagnostic ERCP.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Coledocolitíase/diagnóstico , Peru , Modelos Logísticos , Análise Multivariada , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Medição de Risco , HospitaisRESUMO
Introduction: Endoscopic resection is the first option treatment of early gastric cancer with invasion to mucosa or superficial submucosa, because the risk of nodal metastasis is negligible. Then the prediction of tumor invasion is cardinal. Objectives: Determine the accuracy of endoscopic prediction for tumor invasion depth in early gastric neoplasia and define endoscopic characteristics associated with massive submucosal invasion. Materials and methods: Prospective sudy of diagnostic test validation. We included patients with early gastric neoplasias that were endoscopically or surgically resected from January 2012 to May 2016. Every lesion was looked for the presence of these features: margin elevation, central elevation, irregular surface, enlarged folds, size > 30mm and rigidity. The invasion prediction was categorized in: M-Sm1 when none feature was present, Sm2 when 2 or more features were present, and indeterminated when only one feature was present. We compared endoscopic prediction to pathological staging and determined diagnostic accuracy. Results: The global accuracy for endoscopic prediction was 98.2%. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for M-Sm1 prediction were 97.6, 100, 100 y 92.8%, and for Sm2 prediction were 100, 97.6, 92.8 y 97.6%, respectively. Rigidity, irregular Surface, margin elevation and enlarged folds were associated with Sm2 invasion. Conclusions: Endoscopic prediction of tumor invasion depth in early gastric neoplasia is very accurate. The main endoscopic feature associated with Sm2 invasion is rigidity.
Introducción: La resección endoscópica constituye el tratamiento de elección del cáncer gástrico temprano con invasión a la mucosa o submucosa superficial, pues tiene riesgo casi nulo de metástasis ganglionar. Por tanto, la predicción de invasión tumorales cardinal. Objetivos: Determinar la precisión de la predicción de invasión tumoral de neoplasia gástrica temprana por endoscopía convencional y definir características endoscópicas asociadas a invasión submucosa masiva. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo de validación de una prueba diagnóstica. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes con neoplasias gástricas tempranas que fueron resecadas endoscópica o quirúrgicamente de enero 2012 a mayo 2016. En cada lesión se definió la presencia de las siguientes características: Elevación de márgenes, elevación central, irregularidad de la superficie, engrosamiento de pliegues, tamaño >30 mm y rigidez. La predicción de invasión se categorizó en: M-Sm1 cuando no tenía ninguna característica, Sm2 cuando tenía 2 o más características, e indeterminada cuando sólo tenía una característica. Se comparó la predicción endoscópica con el estadiaje patológico de los especímenes y se determinó su precisión diagnóstica. Resultados: La precisión global de la predicción endoscópica fue de 98,2%. La sensibilidad, especificidad, VPP y VPN para la predicción M-Sm1 fue 97,6, 100, 100 y 92,8%, y para la predicción Sm2 fue 100, 97,6, 92,8 y 97,6%, respectivamente. La rigidez, irregularidad en la superficie, elevación de los márgenes y engrosamiento de pliegues, se asociaron significativamente con invasión Sm2. Conclusiones: La predicción endoscópica de invasión tumoral en neoplasia gástrica temprana es muy precisa. La principal característica endoscópica asociada a invasión Sm2 es la rigidez.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Adenoma/patologia , Gastroscopia , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Peru , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma/cirurgia , Carcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenoma/cirurgia , Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Gastrectomia/métodos , Mucosa Gástrica/cirurgia , Mucosa Gástrica/diagnóstico por imagem , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de NeoplasiasRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Patients with large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps (L-NPCP) have been traditionally treated with surgery. Advances in therapeutic endoscopy allow endoscopic resection of these lesions and can be considered as an alternative to surgery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection in patients with L-NPCP. METHODS: A prospective multicentric cohort. All patients referred for endoscopic resection with L-NPCP between January 2012 and December 2015, followed until August 2016, were included. Rates of successful resection, recurrence and complications were obtained. Predictive factors associated with unsuccessful resection and recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS: 115 L-NPCP in 107 patients were included. The rate of successful resection was 92%. The most common complications were bleeding (8.7%) and perforation (2.6%). The recurrence rate was 7%, all successfully treated with a new endoscopic session. Predictors of unsuccessful resection were a measure >50 mm of the lesion and the presence of fibrosis; and the only predictor of recurrence was a size of the polyp resected >50 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic resection of L-NPCP is very efficacious and safe.