Pustulosis subcórnea: a propósito de un caso / Subcorneal pustulosis: a case report

Resumen La dermatosis pustulosa subcórnea (DPS), oenfermedad de Sneddon-Wilkinson, es una dermatosis poco frecuente, benigna, de curso crónico y recidivante. En esta oportunidad presentaremos el caso de una paciente femenina de 58 años condiagnóstico de dermatosis pustulosa subcórnea, que fue tratada con dapsona 100mg por día, con resolución de lesiones. Realizamos unarevisión bibliográfica de esta patología describiendo sus características clínicas e histológicas, sus múltiples diagnósticos diferenciales y las posibles terapéuticas.

Abstract Subcorneal pustular dermatosis, or Sneddon-Wilkinson disease, is a rare, benign, chronic and recurrent dermatosis. We reportthe case of a 58-year-old female patient with subcorneal pustular dermatosis, who was treated with dapsone 100mg per day, with goodtherapeutic response. We carried out a bibliographic review of this pathology describing its clinical and histological characteristics, its multiple differential diagnoses and possible therapeutic options.

Bibliometric analysis in paediatric dental journals listed in journal citation reports. Current trends.

AIM: The aim of this study was to analyse articles published in paediatric dental journals included in Journal Citation Reports (JCR), to determine current trends in paediatric publishing. METHODS: Articles included in paediatric dentistry journals in 2020 JCR were selected, published during the period 2008-2020. After applying inclusion criteria, author-based parameters (article title, first author's name, institution, sex and number of authors, number of affiliations, first/last author's origin and geographic origin), and article-based parameters (article type, main topic, research design) were registered for each article. CONCLUSION: International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry were the four main journals in terms of production volume, USA being the most productive country. The most recurrent topic was dental surgery, and the most common design was observational studies. Study design, geographic origin of the articles, article type and main subject of the article might predict citation.

Use of self-organizing maps for analyzing the behavior of canines displaced towards midline under interceptive treatment.

BACKGROUND: Displaced maxillary permanent canine is one of the more frequent findings in canine eruption process and it's easy to be outlined and early diagnosed by means of x-ray images. Late diagnosis frequently needs surgery to rescue the impacted permanent canine. In many cases, interceptive treatment to redirect canine eruption is needed. However, some patients treated by interceptive means end up requiring fenestration to orthodontically guide the canine to its normal occlusal position. It would be interesting, therefore, to discover the dental characteristics of patients who will need additional surgical treatment to interceptive treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To study the dental characteristics associated with canine impaction, conventional statistics have traditionally been used. This approach, although serving to illustrate many features of this problem, has not provided a satisfactory response or not provided an overall idea of the characteristics of these types of patients, each one of them with their own particular set of variables. Faced with this situation, and in order to analyze the problem of impaction despite interceptive treatment, we have used an alternative method for representing the variables that have an influence on this syndrome. This method is known as Self-Organizing Maps (SOM), a method used for analyzing problems with multiple variables. RESULTS: We analyzed 78 patients with a PMC angulation higher than 100 . All of them were subject to interceptive treatment and in 21 cases it was necessary to undertake the above-mentioned fenestration to achieve the final eruption of the canine. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we describe the process of debugging variables and selecting the appropriate number of cells in SOM so as to adequately visualize the problem posed and the dental characteristics of patients with regard to a greater or lesser probability of the need for fenestration.

Study on the use of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane to surface biochemical modification of a novel low elastic modulus Ti-Nb-Hf alloy.

A biocompatible new titanium alloy Ti-16Hf-25Nb with low elastic modulus (45 GPa) and the use of short bioadhesive peptides derived from the extracellular matrix have been studied. In terms of cell adhesion, a comparative study with mixtures of short peptides as RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp)/PHSRN (Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn) and RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp)/FHRRIKA (Phe-His-Arg-Arg-Ile-Lys-Ala) have been carried out with rat mesenchymal cells. The effect of these mixtures of short peptides have already been studied but there are no comparative studies between them. Despite the wide variety of silane precursors available for surface modification in pure titanium, the majority of studies have used aminosilanes, in particular 3-minopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). Nevertheless, the 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES) is, recently, proposed by other authors. Unlike APTES, CPTES does not require an activation step and offers the potential to directly bind the nucleophilic groups present on the biomolecule (e.g., amines or thiols). Since the chemical surface composition of this new alloy could be different to that pure titanium, both organosilanes have been compared and characterized by means of a complete surface characterization using contact angle goniometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

A comparison between dental measurements taken from CBCT models and those taken from a digital method.

The aims of the study were to assess speed, reliability, accuracy, and reproducibility in measuring mesiodistal tooth sizes, bicanine widths, bimolar widths, and arch lengths (ALs) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare them with the same measurements obtained using a two-dimensional (2D) Digital Method. Plaster study models were made for 27 patients and then digitalized and measured using a 2D Digital Method. CBCTs were undertaken on the same 27 patients using the Dental Picasso Master 3D® and the images obtained were then analysed using the InVivoDental program. The correlation study of the two measuring methods, which were compared by determining the regression parameters and the values of one method as opposed to the other, show how both methods are comparable, although the mean and standard deviation of all the measurements analysed present statistically significant differences for the first upper right premolar, first upper left molar, first lower left premolar, and second lower right premolar, as well for the lower intercanine distance and lower AL. The differences, however, are less than 1 per cent. CBCT digital models are as accurate and reliable as the digital models obtained from plaster casts. The differences existing between both methods are clinically acceptable.

Hernias de pared abdominal complicadas operadas de urgencia mediante una hernioplastía con malla: factores de riesgo de morbilidad postoperatoria / Complicated abdominal wall hernias operated emergency through a hernioplasty with mesh: risk factors for postoperative morbidity

Introducción: Actualmente, no se conocen los factores de riesgo de morbimortalidad postoperatoria en los pacientes que son intervenidos por una hernia de pared abdominal complicada operada de urgencia mediante una hernioplastía con malla. El objetivo principal es determinar los factores de riesgo de presentar una complicación durante el postoperatorio, en pacientes operados de urgencia con diagnóstico de hernia de pared abdominal complicada mediante una hernioplastía con malla en el Hospital Base Osorno (HBO) entre los años 2002 y 2008. Material y métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva. Se seleccionaron los pacientes mayores de 14 años operados por patología herniaria del registro de cirugías del Servicio de Urgencia del Hospital Base Osorno (HBO) entre los años 2002 y 2008. Se excluyeron a aquellos operados sin malla. Se estimó el riesgo, mediante Odds ratio (OR) y su intervalo de confianza 95 por ciento. Software utilizado: Stata 10.0. Resultados: La cohorte incluyó 52 pacientes, mediana de edad 64 años (26-85). El 50 por ciento (26 pacientes) fueron de sexo masculino. La ubicación herniaria más frecuente fue la inguinal con 23 casos (44,23 por ciento). 49 (94,23 por ciento) hernias se catalogaron como atascadas y 3 (5,77 por ciento) como estranguladas. Morbilidad operatoria 17,31 por ciento (9 pacientes). Mediana de seguimiento, 32 (5-90) meses. Sólo la instalación de drenaje resultó ser significativa (p<0,05), esta variable resultó tener un OR de 4,7 (IC 95 por ciento:1,09-20,79). Conclusión: En este estudio la instalación de un drenaje al reparar una hernia de pared abdominal complicada con malla, actuaría como factor de riesgo de presentar una complicación durante el postoperatorio.

Introduction: Currently, there are no known risk factors for postoperative complications and mortality in patients who are undergoing surgery for a complicated abdominal wall hernia operated emergency through a hernioplasty with mesh. The main objective is to determine the risk factors for presenting a complication during the postoperative period in patients undergoing emergency with a diagnosis of complicated abdominal wall hernia by a hernioplasty with mesh in the Base Hospital Osorno (HBO) between the years 2002 and 2008. Material and methods: retrospective cohort study. We selected patients older than 14 years operated by hernial pathology of the registration of surgeries of the Emergency Service at the Hospital Base Osorno (HBO) between the years 2002 and 2008. We excluded those operated without mesh. It was felt the risk, using odds ratio (OR) and its confidence interval of 95 percent Software used: Stata 10.0. Results: The cohort included 52 patients, median age 64 years (26-85). The 50 percent (26 patients) were male. The most frequent location hernia was the groin with 23 cases (44.23 percent). 49 (94.23 percent) hernias were catalogd as stuck and 3 (5.77 percent) as being strangled. Operative morbidity 17.31 percent (9 patients). Median follow-up, 32 (5-90 percent) months. Only the installation of drainage turned out to be significant (p<0.05 ), this variable was found to have an OR of 4.7 (IC 95 percent:1,09-20,79). Conclusion: In this study, the installation of a drain after to repair an complicated abdominal wall hernia with mesh would act as a risk factor for presenting a complication during the postoperative period.

Hernias de pared abdominal complicadas operadas de urgencia: serie de casos / Complex abdominal wall hernias: case series

La patología herniaria es frecuente de ver en la práctica del cirujano general y sus complicaciones siguen siendo causa de morbimortalidad. Se presenta una serie de casos con seguimiento de 84 pacientes operados de urgencia con hernia complicada en el Hospital Base de Osorno (HBO) entre 2002 y 2004, seguidos hasta mayo de 2009. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa estadístico Stata 10. La mediana de edad fue de 64 años. Serie compuesta predominante de mujeres (62 casos), en 72 casos (85,71 por ciento) las hernias estaban atascadas y en 12 (14,28 por ciento) estranguladas. La localización más frecuente fue la umbilical con 29 casos (34,52 por ciento), seguido por la inguinal con 20 (23,80 por ciento). Hubo 12 reparaciones con malla (14,28 por ciento), todas ellas realizadas en hernias atascadas. La mediana de días hospitalización postoperatorios fue de 4 (1-37). Hay 3 casos de mortalidad operatoria (1 inguinal, 1 umbilical y 1 incisional). En 11 (13,10 por ciento) pacientes se mantuvo tratamiento antibiótico durante el postoperatorio, de éstas, 5 fueron hernias estranguladas. En 19 pacientes (22,61 por ciento) se presentó alguna complicación: en 4 (33,33 por ciento) de las estranguladas y en 15 de las atascadas (20,83 por ciento), estas complicaciones fueron 11 (13,10 por ciento) infecciones de herida operatoria y 4 (47,61 por ciento) seromas. En ningún caso fue necesario retirar la malla. En 16 (19,04 por ciento) casos recidivó la hernia. Como conclusión, en esta serie seleccionada de pacientes, el índice de recidiva fue alto, con un bajo porcentaje de uso de malla; sin embargo, la necesidad de retirar la malla por una complicación fue baja.

No quasi-long-range order in a two-dimensional liquid crystal.

Systems with global symmetry group O(2) experience topological transition in the two-dimensional space. But there is controversy about such a transition for systems with global symmetry group O(3). As an example of the latter case, we study the Lebwohl-Lasher model for the two-dimensional liquid crystal, using three different methods independent of the proper values of possible critical exponents. Namely, we analyze the at-equilibrium order parameter distribution function with (1) the hyperscaling relation; (2) the first-scaling collapse for the probability distribution function; and (3) the Binder's cumulant. We give strong evidence for definite lack of a line of critical points at low temperatures in the Lebwohl-Lasher model, contrary to conclusions of a number of previous numerical studies.

Prediction of arch length based on intercanine width.

Arch length (AL), intercanine width (ICW), and intermolar width (IMW) are essential for diagnosis and treatment planning and are closely related factors in orthodontics. The aim of the present study was to determine correlations between these measurements and to predict some of these measurements based on others. The dental casts of 197 Spanish patients (119 females and 78 males) with a mean age of 18 years (11-26 years) in the permanent dentition attending the Orthodontic Department of the University of Valencia, Spain, were selected. ICW, IMW, and AL on each dental cast were measured using a previously tested digital method. Correlation between variables was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Linear regression analysis was applied and the 95 per cent confidence intervals (CIs) for slope and intercept were determined. The data showed very high correlations between ICW and AL, both for the upper and lower arches and for males and females, r = 0.925. This coefficient was very close to 1, indicating a linear relationship. The regression equation for AL and ICW was AL = 1.36 ICW + 29.39 for both arches. There was very high correlations between AL and ICW for the upper and lower arches and a regression equation between both magnitudes was established indicating that the size of one factor can be predicted by knowing the other. For an increase of 1 mm in ICW, the AL increases approximately 1.36 mm with a 95 per cent CI (1.30-1.42).

Embriopatías asociadas al uso de misoprostol / Moebius syndrome and arthrogriposis associated to the use of misoprostol

Se presenta un caso clínico de síndrome de Moebius y artrogriposis asociado al uso de misoprostol durante el primer trimestre de gestación.

We present a case of Moebius syndrome and arthrogriposis associated to the use of misoprostol during the first trimester of gestation.

Testosterone production and spermatogenic damage induced byorganophosphorate pesticides

Parathion is an organophosphorate pesticide amply used in agriculture. Many alterations induced by organophosphorate pesticides have been described, such as: cytogenetic alterations in germinal cells, oligozoospermia and teratozoospermia in the mouse. The effect of Parathion, both pure (PP) and commercial (PC), on mouse interstitial cell testosterone production was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Male mice were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 1/3 LD50 of Parathion, both PP and PC. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 8 and 40 days post injection to evaluate the impact of disrupting testosterone production on spermatogonia, spermatocytes and elongated spermatids. The plasma testosterone was assayed by standard radioimmunoanalysis. The same method was used to assay testosterone in the culture medium of interstitial cells obtained from the control and Parathion treated animals at the same time intervals. Sperm count, sperm teratozoospermia and tubular blockage were analyzed for an appraisal of spermatogenesis. Increase in the teratozoospermia and tubular blockage was detected in the PP and PC group at 8 and 40 days post injection. Plasma testosterone levels drop significantly at 8 days and recovered slowly at 40 days only in PP animals as detected in vivo, implying interference of testicular steroidogenesis due to the toxicant. Recuperation of normality occurs at long time intervals. In conclusion, Parathion disturbs the synthesis of testosterone in mice affecting qualitatively the spermatogenesis.

Testosterone production and spermatogenic damage induced by organophosphorate pesticides.

Parathion is an organophosphorate pesticide amply used in agriculture. Many alterations induced by organophosphorate pesticides have been described, such as: cytogenetic alterations in germinal cells, oligozoospermia and teratozoospermia in the mouse. The effect of Parathion, both pure (PP) and commercial (PC), on mouse interstitial cell testosterone production was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Male mice were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 1/3 LD50 of Parathion, both PP and PC. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 8 and 40 days post injection to evaluate the impact of disrupting testosterone production on spermatogonia, spermatocytes and elongated spermatids. The plasma testosterone was assayed by standard radioimmunoanalysis. The same method was used to assay testosterone in the culture medium of interstitial cells obtained from the control and Parathion treated animals at the same time intervals. Sperm count, sperm teratozoospermia and tubular blockage were analyzed for an appraisal of spermatogenesis. Increase in the teratozoospermia and tubular blockage was detected in the PP and PC group at 8 and 40 days post injection. Plasma testosterone levels drop significantly at 8 days and recovered slowly at 40 days only in PP animals as detected in vivo, implying interference of testicular steroidogenesis due to the toxicant. Recuperation of normality occurs at long time intervals. In conclusion, Parathion disturbs the synthesis of testosterone in mice affecting qualitatively the spermatogenesis

Determination of Bolton tooth-size ratios by digitization, and comparison with the traditional method.

The Bolton Index is one of the most useful calculations for precise orthodontic diagnosis as it shows if there is a correct ratio between dental proportions. However, at times, this calculation is not applied because it is a long and time-consuming procedure compared with digital methods. A new digital method for measuring tooth sizes and for calculating the Anterior (ABI) and the Overall (OBI) Bolton Index was tested on 100 sets of study dental casts of the permanent dentition in a Spanish sample and compared with the traditional method. The reproducibility of this digital method versus the traditional one was analysed to determine intra- and inter-examiner measurement errors by calculating the coefficients of variation. The results demonstrated that the digital method provided results comparable with those of the traditional technique, since the regression parameters for each index showed that the correlation coefficients of the two methods were very high and similar to each other: r = 0.976 and r = 0.979 for the ABI and OBI, respectively. The results also showed more discrepancies in the ABI than in the OBI using both methods in this sample.

Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 in Chile: differential geographic and transmission route distribution of B and F subtypes.

We examined the genetic makeup of 221 HIV-1 strains from Chilean persons living with HIV/AIDS by HMA and DNA sequencing of the env gene: 143 cases were infected by sexual contact with an already-infected partner, 76 were infected by mother-to-child transmission, and 2 were transfusion related. We found env HIV-1 subtype B in 202 cases (91.4%) and subtype F in 19 cases (8.6%). Subtype B strains were found throughout the country whereas subtype F viruses were predominantly found in cases from the metropolitan/central to the northern regions of Chile (p < 0.01). Chilean F subtypes clustered in two different groups: viruses from the central region clustered with F subtypes from Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil, and viruses from the northern region, which independently segregated from other South American and European F strains. All of the 59 men having sex with men (MSM) were infected with B subtype strains whereas 7 (9.2%) and 12 (15.8%), respectively, of heterosexually infected females and children were infected with F subtype strains (p < 0.01). It appears that F subtype strains have been introduced into Chile by separate heterosexual transmission events from other nearby countries in the Southern Cone whereas B subtype strains have continued to persist predominantly among MSM.

Tumores cardiacos fetales / Fetal cardiac tumors

Se presenta una revisión retrospectiva de 7 casos de tumores cardiacos (TC) fetales con diagnóstico prenatal, controlados en el Centro de Referencia Perinatal Oriente (CERPO) entre 2003-2005. Se analizan los tipos de TC diagnosticados en el período fetal, su influencia y evolución durante la gestación y el manejo perinatal. En las 7 gestantes controladas se diagnosticaron: 4 rabdomiomas, 1teratoma, 1 hemangioma y 1 caso sin estudio anátomo patológico. La edad gestacional promedio al diagnóstico fue de 34 semanas, no hubo una repercusión hemodinámica significativa que motivara intervenciones prenatales. El resultado obstétrico fue satisfactorio, con edad gestacional media al parto de 39 semanas de gestación, peso promedio de recién nacido (RN) 3.536 g y sin Apgar menores de 8 en los RN, excepto en el caso Nº 5 que se discutirá. Un RN cuyo TC estaba asociado a hipoplasia de ventrículo derecho e hipoplasia pulmonar, falleció a los 8 días. Se realizó seguimiento postnatal entre 4 meses y 1 año, 2 casos (teratoma y hemangioma) requirieron cirugía. Todos los pacientes se encuentran en buenas condiciones, con adecuado desarrollo pondoestatural y psicomotor y en controles cardiológicos periódicos.

Different roles for the stress-activated protein kinase pathway in the regulation of trehalose metabolism in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

The Wis1p-Sty1p mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade is a major signalling system in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe for a wide range of stress responses. It is known that trehalose functions as a protective metabolite to counteract deleterious effects of environmental stresses. Herein it is reported that the expression of genes related to trehalose metabolism in S. pombe, ntp1(+) (neutral trehalase) and tps1(+) [trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) synthase], is partially regulated by the Sty1p kinase under salt-induced osmotic stress and conditions of slight oxidative stress and is fully dependent on this kinase under severe oxidative stress. This control is carried out through transcription factors Atf1p/Pcr1p during osmotic stress and through Pap1p during exposure to low levels of oxidative stress. However, all three transcription factors are needed for gene expression under conditions of extreme oxidative stress. In addition, a role for Sty1p in the modulation of post-transcriptional activation of trehalase mediated by Pka1p/Sck1p kinases, as well as in the activity of T6P synthase under such stressful conditions has been demonstrated. These results reveal a novel dual action of the Wis1p-Sty1p pathway in the regulation of trehalose metabolism in fission yeast.