RESUMO
Experiment on female ICR CD-1 mice showed that non-contact infrared thermometry can be used for short-term and medium-term prognosis of animal death during the development of acute radiation syndrome. In mice irradiated with X-rays in a dose of 7.25 Gy (LD100/30), the body temperature 1 and 5 days before death was below the normal limit (<36.4°C) in 90 and 50% cases, respectively. The decrease in body temperature closely correlated with a decrease in the mean body weight in irradiated animals (from 24 to 19 g).
Assuntos
Síndrome Aguda da Radiação , Termometria , Animais , Temperatura Corporal , Feminino , Raios Infravermelhos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , TermômetrosRESUMO
The experiments on mice showed that subchronic food restriction to 40 and 8% of unrestricted ration is a strong stressor inducing devastation of lymphoid organs, primarily the thymus and spleen. The mice in the group with severe food restriction (8% of normal ration) demonstrated increased front paw grip force. We also observed an increase in spontaneous motor activity in these animals correlated with food restriction. Food deprivation led to inhibition of proliferative activity of the bone marrow cells and suppression of erythropoiesis. Moreover, severe food restriction was accompanied by a decrease in the number of double-strand DNA breaks evaluated by the release of γH2AX+-cells and the ratio of polychromatophilic erythrocytes.
Assuntos
Privação de Alimentos/fisiologia , Timo/metabolismo , Animais , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Células da Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Cromossomos/metabolismo , Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Eritropoese/fisiologia , Feminino , CamundongosRESUMO
The summary of the study is that when using both medicines indraline doesn't influence the effectiveness of pherrocine in preventing of 137Cs accumulation in the main depositing/pooling organs. The radiation protecting medicine indraline used more intensive accumulation of radio nuclides in liver and kidney then a control. Accumulation rapidity and amount of 137Cs in liver and kidney depends on the time period between taking indraline and inflow of cesium into organism of animals. For the case when animals being exposured by external gamma-irradiation and incorporation of 137Cs the introduction of indraline without pherrocine is not advisable.
Assuntos
Antídotos/uso terapêutico , Ferrocianetos/uso terapêutico , Raios gama , Fenóis/uso terapêutico , Lesões por Radiação/tratamento farmacológico , Protetores contra Radiação/uso terapêutico , Administração Oral , Animais , Animais não Endogâmicos , Radioisótopos de Césio/metabolismo , Radioisótopos de Césio/toxicidade , Vias de Administração de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Enteroadsorção , Injeções Intramusculares , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos CBA , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismoRESUMO
Effect of long-term (during 4 weeks) cincacine administration following single parenteral 241Am intake has been studied on rats depending on method (per oral or parenteral), dosage and time of treatment initiation. Cincacine administration leads to limitation of radionuclide incorporation in the major organs of deposition for the both methods of introduction. At the parenteral 241Am intake in the organism parenteral cincacine administration was found to be more effective compared to per oral cincacine administration even in case of its dose increase by a factor of 6 and 12. At the parenteral introduction of the preparation, time of treatment beginning is more significant than at per oral administration.
Assuntos
Amerício/farmacocinética , Quelantes/administração & dosagem , Ácido Pentético/administração & dosagem , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/metabolismo , Administração Oral , Amerício/administração & dosagem , Animais , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Trato Gastrointestinal/metabolismo , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratos , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
The present study is devoted to the investigation of effectiveness of combined prophylactic administration of riboxin and algisorbum at 239Pu per oral intake and possible mechanisms of their interaction, and also to comparative estimation of effectiveness of combined administration of the preparations at per oral and intra peritoneal methods of riboxin introduction. The experiments have been carried out on white nonlinear rats. Riboxin (per oral and intra peritoneal) and algisorbum (per oral) have been introduced to the rats both separately and combined before per oral 239Pu introduction. Data obtained as a result of the investigation showed that combined riboxin and algisorbum introduction into gastrointestinal tract before 239PU intake lead to greater decrease in the plutonium content in the organs of deposition than single algisorbum administration. Intra peritoneal riboxin introduction reduced effectiveness of per oral algisorbum administration in plutonium binding in GI tract. Efficiency of combined riboxin and algisorbum administration in the reduction of 239Pu accumulation in organs depends on the method of riboxin introduction and develops only at per oral introduction.
Assuntos
Alginatos/administração & dosagem , Glucuronatos/administração & dosagem , Inosina Difosfato/administração & dosagem , Plutônio/farmacocinética , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/metabolismo , Protetores contra Radiação/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Animais , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Combinação de Medicamentos , Trato Gastrointestinal , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Fígado/metabolismo , Plutônio/administração & dosagem , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Radiometria , Ratos , Baço/metabolismo , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
An effect of cincacine at three doses (25, 150 and 300 mumol/kg) has been studied in rats receiving 241Am citrate intragastrically. The radionuclide was introduced every other day for 2 weeks. The total content was 925 kBq/kg. A cincacine administration leads to limitation of radionuclide accumulation in the major organs of deposition independent of the modes of intake. At gastrointestinal 241Am intake peroral cincacine administration is more effective in limiting this radionuclide accumulation in skeleton but less effective in reduction of its accumulation in liver compared to parenteral cincacine. No reliable dependence of cincacine efficacy on dosage has been revealed. A morphology study of organs has shown that cincacine ingestion at a dose of 150 mumol/kg for 4 weeks and at a dose of 300 mumol/kg for 2 weeks produces a toxic effect on the small intestine mucosa. 25 mumol/kg is the optimum dose and per os administration of higher doses is not expedient.
Assuntos
Amerício/química , Quelantes/farmacologia , Ácido Pentético/farmacologia , Administração Oral , Amerício/metabolismo , Animais , Osso e Ossos/química , Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Quelantes/administração & dosagem , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Mucosa Intestinal/química , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Masculino , Ácido Pentético/administração & dosagem , Ácido Pentético/toxicidade , Ratos , Vísceras/química , Vísceras/efeitos dos fármacos , Vísceras/metabolismoRESUMO
Physicochemical investigation of the biologically active supplement Marinid has been carried out. Biological accessibility of iodine containing in Marinid has been determined. About 60 micrograms of iodine can be assimilated by thyroid from one 0.5 g Marinid tablet. Daily iodine need for groups of different age can be satisfied by 1-4 tablets. Marinid reduces 90Sr resorption from gastrointestinal tract by 20-40%.
Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Poluição Ambiental , Iodo/uso terapêutico , Polissacarídeos/uso terapêutico , Alginatos/administração & dosagem , Alginatos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Fibras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Combinação de Medicamentos , Glucanos , Glucuronatos/administração & dosagem , Glucuronatos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Iodo/administração & dosagem , Radioisótopos do Iodo/análise , Masculino , Minerais/administração & dosagem , Minerais/uso terapêutico , Polissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/análise , Comprimidos , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo , Vitaminas/administração & dosagem , Vitaminas/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Effect of different cincacine doses was studied in rats ingesting americium citrate during 2 weeks. As a result new data showing the possibility and efficacy of per oral cincacine administration at americium intake into digestive tract have been obtained. Dose dependence of cincacine efficacy has been stated for per oral 241Am intake. Preparation administration at a dose of 25 mumol/kg reduces amount of 241Am in skeleton, liver and kidney by 93, 90 and 33%, respectively and is optimum for radionuclide removal from the body and for the prevention of its deposition in organs. Digestive system organs and kidney structure at cincacine administration at a dose of 150 and 300 mumol/kg) to the rats ingesting 241Am have been studied.
Assuntos
Amerício/farmacocinética , Quelantes/farmacologia , Ácido Pentético/farmacologia , Administração Oral , Amerício/administração & dosagem , Amerício/análise , Animais , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Quelantes/administração & dosagem , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Técnicas Histológicas , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Ácido Pentético/administração & dosagem , RatosRESUMO
The sorption effect of Algisorbum has been studied in rats following single and multiple intragastric administration. Algisorbum doses of 250-2000 mg/kg decrease the absorption of 106Ru and 95Zr by 50%, that of 137Cs by 15% and have no effect on 131I absorption. Application of a complex of agents to protect the body from nuclear fission products is discussed.
Assuntos
Alginatos/farmacologia , Radioisótopos de Césio/farmacocinética , Glucuronatos/farmacologia , Ácidos Hexurônicos/farmacologia , Radioisótopos do Iodo/farmacocinética , Radioisótopos/farmacocinética , Radioisótopos de Rutênio/farmacocinética , Zircônio/farmacocinética , Animais , Sistema Digestório/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema Digestório/metabolismo , Combinação de Medicamentos , Ácido Glucurônico , Absorção Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição Tecidual/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The possibility of algisorb application for decontamination of milk contaminated with 90Sr has been investigated. Added to milk algisorb efficiently fixes radionuclide, giving an insoluble complex alginate-Sr. Administration of this milk has prevented 90Sr absorbtion and accumulation in the skeleton to the extend depending on the sorbent dose.
Assuntos
Alginatos , Descontaminação/métodos , Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Glucuronatos , Leite/química , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/farmacocinética , Ração Animal , Animais , Combinação de Medicamentos , Ácido Glucurônico , Ácidos Hexurônicos , Masculino , RatosRESUMO
Strontium 90 was given to rats with the diet over a period of 3 months. Administration of a modified calcium alginate reduced 90Sr deposition in the skeleton by 70-90%. No changes in the digestive organs were observed throughout the above period.
Assuntos
Alginatos/uso terapêutico , Protetores contra Radiação/uso terapêutico , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/intoxicação , Animais , Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Osso e Ossos/efeitos da radiação , Doença Crônica , Sistema Digestório/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema Digestório/metabolismo , Sistema Digestório/efeitos da radiação , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Feminino , Ácido Glucurônico , Ácidos Hexurônicos , Masculino , Intoxicação/tratamento farmacológico , Intoxicação/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/farmacocinética , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Alginatos/uso terapêutico , Protetores contra Radiação/uso terapêutico , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio , Animais , Sistema Digestório/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema Digestório/efeitos da radiação , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Combinação de Medicamentos , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Ácido Glucurônico , Ácidos Hexurônicos/uso terapêutico , Peso Molecular , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Desintoxicação por Sorção/métodosRESUMO
Experiments on white rats studied percutaneous resorption of 137Cs and 89Sr during their skin application in the form of 10 per cent and 40 per cent solutions of NaOH. The study also involved deactivation of the contaminated skin by means of traditional means of first aid recommended for alkali burn and the application of 5 per cent solution of boric acid with the addition of some detergent or 10 per cent solution of sodium hexametaphosphate. The dependence of deactivation efficacy on the time of beginning sanitary treatment, decontamination procedure and alkali concentration was established.
Assuntos
Álcalis/administração & dosagem , Queimaduras Químicas/metabolismo , Radioisótopos de Césio/metabolismo , Absorção Cutânea/efeitos dos fármacos , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/metabolismo , Álcalis/efeitos adversos , Animais , Protetores contra Radiação , Ratos , SoluçõesRESUMO
A study was made of the influence of pentacin, encapsulated in liposomes, on the excretion of monomeric plutonium-239 from dogs and albino rats. Pentacin in a liposomal form, in comparison with free pentacin, increased the excretion of plutonium in urine from a dog body by 23.5% when administered in 24 h, and by 28% when administered in 20 days; in rats, the excretion increase made 40% after the administration in 30 or 45 days.
Assuntos
Ácido Pentético/farmacologia , Plutônio/farmacocinética , Animais , Cães , Portadores de Fármacos , Feminino , Lipossomos , Masculino , Ácido Pentético/administração & dosagem , Plutônio/urina , Ratos , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição Tecidual/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The authors studied the quantitative mechanisms of percutaneous administration and elimination from the body of Na3Ca-14C-diethylene triaminopentacetic acid applied to the skin in 50% dimethyl sulfoxide or in aqueous solution. The data on the time course of the content of the labeled drug in the skin, blood, skeleton, liver, kidneys and urine of rats are provided.
Assuntos
Ácido Pentético/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Animais , Radioisótopos de Carbono , Dimetil Sulfóxido/metabolismo , Cinética , Masculino , Ratos , Soluções , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
Liposomes, obtained by a modified procedure involving reverse phases, contained 2-3-times more 14C-pentacyne than the multilayer Banchem;s liposomes. Efficiency of pentacyne encapsulated in liposomes was higher, as compared with a non-encapsulated preparation in studies of urinary excretion of monomeric 239Pu-citrate in rats. Liposomal pentacyne increased most effectively the rate of the radionuclide excretion from liver tissue and skeleton as compared with the action of non-encapsulated complex-forming agent; as a result of which the radionuclide was excreted from liver tissue at a 1.6-2-times and from skeleton--with the 1.4-times higher rates. The both preparations increased the 239Pu excretion with urine and feces. The liposomal pentacyne accelerated an additional excretion of the nuclide with urine.