Effect of No-ozone Cold Plasma on Regeneration after Crushed Mental Nerve Injury in rats.

Background: This experimental research aimed to determine whether No-ozone Cold Plasma (NCP) has regenerative effect on crushed injured sensory nerves in a rat model (Wistar A) and to evaluate whether NCP can be used as an alternative treatment method for sensory nerve injury in the oral-maxillofacial region. Methods: A total of 10 Wistar A rats were used for this experiment. They were divided into three groups according to whether the mental nerve of the left mandible was injured and NCP was applied or not: group 1 (n=3) (non-mental nerve damage, non-MD) - the left mental nerve was exposed and non-damaged; group 2 (n=3) (mental nerve damage, MD) - the left mental nerve was exposed and damaged, NCP was not applied; and group 3 (n=4) (mental nerve damage and NCP, MD-NCP) - the left mental nerve was exposed and damaged, NCP was applied with regular intervals (three times a week). Results: For the behavior analysis, von Frey test was used. Furthermore, the nerve tissues were examined with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the extent of neurorecovery was evaluated with the immunofluorescence staining of certain markers. The behavioral analysis showed that the function recovery sensory nerve was faster in group 3 (MD-NCP). In the histomorphologic and immunofluorescence analyses, the expression of the factors involved in neurorecovery was much higher in group 3 than in group 2 (MD). Conclusions: The expeditious recovery of sensory nerve function as well as the higher expression of the factors indicating nerve function recovery in the NCP-treated group suggest that NCP has a positive effect on regeneration after sensory nerve crushing injury. Therefore, in the case of sensory impairment of the oral-maxillofacial region, no-ozone cold plasma can be applied for therapeutic effect.

Comparison of time and cost between conventional surgical planning and virtual surgical planning in orthognathic surgery in Korea.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to measure the time of the conventional surgical planning (CSP) and virtual surgical planning (VSP) in orthognathic surgery and to compare them in terms of cost. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a retrospective study of the patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at the OOOOO University Dental Hospital from December 2017 to August 2018. All the patients were analyzed through both CSP and VSP, and all the surgical stents were fabricated through manual and 3-dimensional (3D) printing. The predictor variables were the planning method (CSP vs. VSP) and the surgery type (group I: Le Fort I osteotomy+bilateral sagittal split osteotomy [LFI+BSSO] or group II: only bilateral sagittal split osteotomy [BSSO]), and the outcomes were the time and cost. The results were analyzed using paired t test. RESULTS: Thirty patients (12 females, 18 males) met the inclusion criteria, and 17 patients were excluded from the study due to missing or incomplete data. There were 20 group I patients (LFI+BSSO regardless of genioplasty) and 10 group II patients (BSSO regardless of genioplasty). The average time of CSP for group I was 385±7.8 min, and that for group II was 195±8.33 min. The time reduction rate of VSP compared with CSP was 62.8% in group I and 41.5% in group II. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant cost reduction. CONCLUSIONS: The time investment in VSP in this study was significantly smaller than that in CSP, and the difference was greater in group I than in group II.

Complications associated with specific characteristics of supernumerary teeth.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of supernumerary teeth, analyze the associated complications, and to present new clinical knowledge on surgical interventions for supernumerary teeth. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study was based on the medical records and radiographic records of patients who underwent surgical extraction of supernumerary teeth. The relationships among the patient's age, gender, anatomic features of supernumerary teeth, and presence and type of complications (i.e., spacing, rotation, delayed eruption of the adjacent tooth, cyst formation.) were investigated. The groups were compared by using the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and multiple logistic regression analysis (P < .05). RESULTS: The study population consisted of 705 participants who underwent extraction for 1036 supernumerary teeth. The mean age of the participants was 11.5 years, and 73.5% of the participants were males. The complication rate was 55.6%. Variables associated with an increased risk of complications were the patient's age, dentition, tuberculate shape, and horizontal direction of eruption (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: An increase in the patient's age or abnormalities in the shape and direction of eruption of supernumerary teeth was associated with complications. These parameters should be considered while formulating the treatment plan.

FUNDC1 regulates receptor-mediated mitophagy independently of the PINK1/Parkin-dependent pathway in rotenone-treated SH-SY5Y cells.

Upon mitochondrial stress, PINK1 and Parkin cooperatively mediate a response that removes damaged mitochondria. In addition to the PINK1/Parkin pathway, the FUNDC1, mitophagy receptor regulates mitochondrial clearance. It is not clear whether these systems coordinate to mediate mitophagy in response to stress. Rotenone caused an increase in LC3II expression, and FUNDC1-knocked down cells showed remarkably reduced LC3 expression compared to control cells. In addition, treatment of cells with autophagy flux inhibitor, chloroquine, induced further accumulation of LC3-II, suggesting that mitophagy induced by rotenone is due to involvement of mitochondrial FUNDC1. Rotenone treatment resulted in PINK1 stabilization on the outer mitochondrial membrane and a subsequent increase in recruitment of Parkin from the cytosol to the abnormal mitochondria, as well as physical interaction of PINK1 with Parkin in the mitochondria of rotenone-treated cells. Interestingly, knockdown of FUNDC1 did not alter PINK1/Parkin expression in the mitochondrial fraction of rotenone-treated cells. Our findings indicate that FUNDC1 involves in receptor-mediated mitophagy separately from PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Furthermore, inhibiting mitophagy by FUNDC1 or PINK1 knockdown accelerated rotenone-induced cytotoxicity. Taken together, our findings suggest that rotenone can be induced both receptor-mediated and PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy for mitochondrial clearance, and that mitophagy by removing damaged mitochondria, has cytoprotective effects.

Comparison of time and cost between conventional surgical planning and virtual surgical planning in orthognathic surgery in Korea.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to measure the time of the conventional surgical planning (CSP) and virtual surgical planning (VSP) in orthognathic surgery and to compare them in terms of cost. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a retrospective study of the patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at the Pusan National University Dental Hospital from December 2017 to August 2018. All the patients were analyzed through both CSP and VSP, and all the surgical stents were fabricated through manual and three-dimensional (3D) printing. The predictor variables were the planning method (CSP vs. VSP) and the surgery type (group I: Le Fort I osteotomy + bilateral sagittal split osteotomy [LFI+BSSO] or group II: only bilateral sagittal split osteotomy [BSSO]), and the outcomes were the time and cost. The results were analyzed using the paired t test. RESULTS: Thirty patients (12 females, 18 males) met the inclusion criteria, and 17 patients were excluded from the study due to missing or incomplete data. There were 20 group I patients (LFI+BSSO regardless of genioplasty) and 10 group II patients (BSSO regardless of genioplasty). The average time of CSP for group I was 385 ± 7.8 min, and that for group II was 195 ± 8.33 min. The time reduction rate of VSP compared with CSP was 62.8% in group I and 41.5% in group II. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant cost reduction. CONCLUSIONS: The time investment in VSP in this study was significantly smaller than that in CSP, and the difference was greater in group I than in group II.

Fatal vocal cord granuloma after orthognathic surgery.

Endotracheal intubation is commonly associated with laryngeal injury that often resolves spontaneously without any complication. However, stenosis or granulomatous lesions are generally found on the tracheal wall or vocal process at the tube cuff level, caused by excessive cuff pressure. We present a case of fatal vocal cord granuloma leading to dyspnea following orthognathic surgery and sustained intubation for 14 hours.