Clinicopathological and prognostic characterization of oral lichenoid disease and its main subtypes: A series of 384 cases.

BACKGROUND: To clinicopathologically characterize the diagnosis of oral lichenoid disease (OLD) and its main subtypes: oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesion (OLL), in order to correctly asses their prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ambispective cohort study of 384 patients with diagnosis of OLD, based on pre-established clinical and histopathological criteria. We have analysed 272 (70.8%) women and 112 (29.2%), whose mean age was 57.1+/-11.8 years (range 21-90); minimum follow-up time was 36 months. A specific protocol was designed for this study, where we gathered the data of each patient, including malignant transformation. RESULTS: OLP was diagnosed in 229 cases (77.9%) and OLL in 85 (22.1%). Tobacco consumption was found in 20.3% of the patients and alcohol intake in 41.1%. Liver pathology was present in 10.7% of the cases, thyroid pathology in 11.5%, arterial hypertension in 15.6%, diabetes mellitus in 7.6%, psycho-emotional disorders in 33.3%, skin involvement in 12% and genital involvement in 4.9%. Ten patients (2.6%) developed an oral squamous cell carcinoma, 5 (1.7%) with OLP and 5 (5.9%) with OLL. CONCLUSIONS: OLD is a potentially malignant disorder of the oral mucosa which has to be correctly diagnosed as either OLP or OLL, since the risk of malignancy of these subtypes is significantly different.

[Treatment review in rhinocerebral mucormycosis]. / Revisión del tratamiento en la mucormicosis rinocerebral.

The rhinocerebral mucormycosis is the more common form produced by Rhizopus, a genus of fungi. It's a serious infective disease with high mortality, that needs a precocious medical treatment. Amphotericin B is the choice medical treatment, but liposomal amphotericine B in recent years is a better drug, due to minor renal toxicity and greater tisular diffusion. Even can not to treat all affected areas it's necessary an extensive surgical treatment according to individual characteristics and disease evolution. A 56-year-old man with rhinocerebral mucormycosis, caused by Rhizopus, who was treated with liposomal-amphotericin B and extensive rhino-orbital surgery is presented.

[Thromboangiitis obliterans associated with small-vessel vasculitis]. / Tromboangiitis obliterante asociada a vasculitis de pequeños vasos.

The existence of thromboangiitis obliterans has been questioned for some years. However, it is now accepted as a specific condition within the wide group of vasculitis. We report a patient with this condition, who, as usual, was a male smoker. The illness presented with thrombophlebitis migrans, which is an uncommon initial feature. The patient also had small vessel cutaneous vasculitis, which is an extremely uncommon association. We report the case and discuss some aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease.