The invisibility of the cognitive cost of military police work.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the cognitive cost of work for military police officers in the state of Rio de Janeiro. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out with 446 military police officers, of both sexes, distributed between non-commissioned officers and officers, in the 7th, 15th, 20th, 24th and 41st Military Police Battalions. An instrument was used to depict sociodemographic, work, lifestyle and health conditions and a scale for assessing the human cost of work, which analyses the demands of the job through physical, cognitive and affective costs. The data was organized, processed and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 13.1. RESULTS: The cognitive cost had the highest means, with severe results (µ = 3.86; SD = 0.86), representing greater demands in relation to the human cost of work among military police officers in the state of Rio de Janeiro and significant associations in relation to obesity, cognitive alterations in attention and memory, age and hours of sleep. CONCLUSION: In assessing the human cost of work, the cognitive cost was the most demanding in the work context of the military police officers surveyed, presenting a serious risk of illness.

Flushing in Intravenous Catheters: Observational Study of Nursing Practice in Intensive Care in Brazil.

An observational study was developed with 108 nursing professionals who managed vascular access devices in 4 intensive care units of a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The objective was to analyze the practice of the nursing staff in performing flushing for the maintenance of vascular access devices in critically ill patients. Data were collected by observing the flushing procedure using a structured checklist and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In 23% of the 404 observations, there was no flushing. When performed at some point during catheter management (77%), flushing was predominant after drug administration with 1 or 2 drugs administered. There were flaws in the flushing technique applied in terms of volume and method of preparation. Time of professional experience >5 years, knowledge about recommendations, and training on flushing were variables associated with technique performance. It was concluded that the flushing procedure did not meet the recommendations of good practices, with failures that constituted medication errors.

Repercussions of sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcers for men inserted in the world of work.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the repercussions of sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcer for men in the world of work and discuss the challenges faced to remain in the work environment. METHOD: A qualitative study, developed at the dressing clinic and at a stomatherapy clinic. Twenty men with sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcer participated, applying a semi-structured interview script. The software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires was used for treatment and lexical data analysis. RESULTS: The Descending Hierarchical Classification enabled the creation of classes: Man with sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcer: experiences and repercussions; and Coping measures adopted by men with sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcer to stay at work. CONCLUSION: Disease and injury repercussions involve biopsychosocial dimensions, highlighting the need for professional training to assist with competence and humanity. Strategies adopted to maintain work are breaks in the working day, use of analgesics to relieve pain, allocating time during work to apply dressings.

Care technology prototype for flushing practice in intravenous catheter maintenance / Prototipo de tecnología de cuidado para la práctica de flushing en el mantenimiento de catéteres intravenosos / Protótipo de tecnologia de cuidado para prática do flushing na manutenção de cateteres intravenosos

ABSTRACT Objective: to elaborate, based on the assessment of the nursing team's flushing practice, a care technology prototype aimed at promoting good practices in intravenous catheter maintenance in intensive care. Method: a technology elaboration study, developed in three stages: flushing practice assessment through a questionnaire completed by 108 nursing professionals working in intravenous catheter maintenance in intensive care settings of a public hospital located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data collection took place from November 2019 to January 2020, with descriptive and inferential data analysis; analysis of this practice regarding the existence of errors according to the main guidelines and scientific evidence, with classification of types of errors in the light of the conceptual framework of patient safety; and technology prototype development. Results: 88% of participants perform flushing in their practice; 49.5% apply the continuous pressure technique on the syringe plunger; 22% perform flushing before, between and after medication administration; predominance of use of volume and syringes with gauges of 5 ml and 10 ml. Variables related to knowledge were associated with not performing flushing. There were active and latent errors that guided the technology prototype construction. Conclusion: a care guide was built that aims to increase nursing team's knowledge about good flushing practices and is configured as a barrier to error recurrence.

RESUMEN Objetivo: elaborar, a partir de la evaluación de la práctica de flushing del equipo de enfermería, un prototipo de tecnología asistencial con el objetivo de promover buenas prácticas en el mantenimiento de catéteres intravenosos en cuidados intensivos. Método: estudio de elaboración de tecnología, desarrollado en tres etapas: evaluación de la práctica de flushing a través de un cuestionario completado por 108 profesionales de enfermería que actúan en el mantenimiento de catéteres intravenosos en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital público ubicado en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. La recolección de datos ocurrió de noviembre de 2019 a enero de 2020, con análisis de datos descriptivo e inferencial; análisis de esta práctica en cuanto a la existencia de errores según las principales guías y evidencias científicas, con clasificación de tipos de errores a la luz del marco conceptual de seguridad del paciente; y desarrollo del prototipo tecnológico. Resultados: el 88% de los participantes realizan flushing en su consulta; el 49,5% aplica la técnica de presión continua sobre el émbolo de la jeringa; el 22% realiza flushing antes, entre y después de la administración de medicamentos; hubo predominio del uso de volumen y jeringas con calibres de 5 ml y 10 ml. Las variables relacionadas con el conocimiento se asociaron con no realizar el flushing. Existieron errores activos y latentes que orientaron la construcción del prototipo tecnológico. Conclusión: se elaboró ​​una guía de atención que tiene como objetivo aumentar el conocimiento del equipo de enfermería sobre las buenas prácticas de flushing y se configura como una barrera para la recurrencia de errores.

RESUMO Objetivo: elaborar, com base na avaliação da prática do flushing da equipe de enfermagem, um protótipo de tecnologia de cuidado voltado a promover as boas práticas na manutenção dos cateteres intravenosos em terapia intensiva. Método: estudo de elaboração de tecnologia, desenvolvido em três etapas: avaliação da prática do flushing através de questionário preenchido por 108 profissionais de enfermagem atuantes na manutenção dos cateteres intravenosos em cenários de terapia intensiva de um hospital público localizado no município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu de novembro de 2019 a janeiro de 2020, com análise descritiva e inferencial dos dados; análise dessa prática quanto à existência de erros segundo as principais diretrizes e evidências científicas, com classificação dos tipos de erros à luz do referencial conceitual da segurança do paciente; e elaboração do protótipo da tecnologia. Resultados: 88% dos participantes realizam o flushing na sua prática; 49,5% aplicam a técnica de pressão contínua no êmbolo da seringa; 22% realizam o flushing antes, entre e após a administração de medicamentos; predomínio da utilização do volume e de seringas com calibres de 5 ml e 10 ml. Variáveis relacionadas ao conhecimento associaram-se à não realização do flushing. Houve erros ativos e latentes que orientaram a construção do protótipo da tecnologia. Conclusão: construiu-se um Guia de Cuidado que objetiva ampliar o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre as boas práticas do flushing e se configura como uma barreira à recorrência dos erros.

Repercussions of sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcers for men inserted in the world of work / Repercusiones de la anemia de células falciformes y de las úlceras falciformes para los hombres insertados en el mundo del trabajo / Repercussões da anemia falciforme e das úlceras falcêmicas para homens inseridos no mundo do trabalho

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the repercussions of sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcer for men in the world of work and discuss the challenges faced to remain in the work environment. Method: A qualitative study, developed at the dressing clinic and at a stomatherapy clinic. Twenty men with sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcer participated, applying a semi-structured interview script. The software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires was used for treatment and lexical data analysis. Results: The Descending Hierarchical Classification enabled the creation of classes: Man with sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcer: experiences and repercussions; and Coping measures adopted by men with sickle cell disease and sickle cell ulcer to stay at work. Conclusion: Disease and injury repercussions involve biopsychosocial dimensions, highlighting the need for professional training to assist with competence and humanity. Strategies adopted to maintain work are breaks in the working day, use of analgesics to relieve pain, allocating time during work to apply dressings.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las repercusiones de la drepanocitosis y la drepanocitosis para hombres que actúan en el mundo del trabajo y discutir los desafíos enfrentados para permanecer en el ambiente de trabajo. Método: Estudio cualitativo, desarrollado en la clínica de vendajes y en una clínica de estomaterapia. Participaron 20 hombres con drepanocitosis y drepanocitosis, aplicando un guión de entrevista semiestructurada. Para el tratamiento y análisis léxico de los datos se utilizó el software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires. Resultados: La Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente permitió la creación de clases: Hombre con anemia falciforme y úlcera falciforme: experiencias y repercusiones; y Medidas de afrontamiento adoptadas por el hombre con enfermedad de células falciformes y úlcera falciforme para permanecer en el trabajo. Conclusión: las repercusiones de la enfermedad y lesión involucran las dimensiones biopsicosociales, destacando la necesidad de formación profesional para asistir con competencia y humanidad. Las estrategias adoptadas para mantener el trabajo son pausas en la jornada laboral, uso de analgésicos para aliviar el dolor, asignación de tiempo durante el trabajo para aplicar curas.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as repercussões da doença falciforme e da úlcera falcêmica para homens que atuam no mundo do trabalho e discutir os desafios enfrentados para se manterem no ambiente laboral. Método: Estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido no ambulatório de curativo e em uma clínica de estomaterapia. Participaram 20 homens com doença falciforme e úlcera falcêmica, aplicando-se roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Utilizou-se o software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, para tratamento e análise lexical dos dados. Resultados: A Classificação Hierárquica Descendente possibilitou a criação das classes: Homem com doença falciforme e úlcera falcêmica: vivências e repercussões; e Medidas de enfrentamento adotadas pelo homem com doença falciforme e úlcera falcêmica para manutenção no trabalho. Conclusão: As repercussões da doença e lesão envolvem as dimensões biopsicossociais, evidenciando a necessidade de capacitação dos profissionais para assistir com competência e humanidade. As estratégias adotadas para manutenção no trabalho são pausas na jornada laboral, uso de analgésicos para aplacar a dor, destinação de tempo durante o trabalho para realização dos curativos.

Nurse staffing in Portuguese public hospitals.

AIM: This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of nurse staffing in hospital settings in central and northern Portugal. BACKGROUND: Nurse staffing is a critical factor for the quality and safety of health care and is still an understudied topic in Portugal. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 850 nurses from 12 public hospitals in the central and northern regions of Portugal. RESULTS: Nurse staffing in these hospital units is insufficient, especially in internal medicine units and central hospitals. Nurses' perceptions are in line with the objective data. CONCLUSIONS: The shortage of nurses is a horizontal issue that is especially serious in internal medicine units and central hospitals and a potential threat to the quality of care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The results stress the need for an urgent leadership intervention in nurse staffing levels in the hospitals analysed in this study. Contextual knowledge about nurse staffing is essential for decision-making and supporting health and human resource management policies.

Quality of life and falls in elderly people: a mixed methods study.

OBJECTIVE: to assess elderly people's quality of life, understanding the social representations of falls. METHODS: a convergent mixed methods research carried out at homes, with a sample of 134 elderly people. A structured questionnaire was used, covering sociodemographic variables and factors that indicated frailty and risk of falling. For quality of life assessment, Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 and Theory of Social Representations, Abric's structural approach were used, with data treated by dictionary of equivalent terms, processed in Evoc 2000, converging analytically according to Neuman. RESULTS: quality of life impairment was identified in terms of physical, emotional and functional capacity. The elements of the possible central nucleus were fall, fear, and bruised-broken-bone. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: quality of life impairment can contribute to increase the number of falls, which has been shown to be an event present in elderly people's lives through evocations. Understanding elderly people's individual demands allows planning actions.

Impact of safe nurse staffing on the quality of care in Portuguese public hospitals: A cross-sectional study.

AIM: To assess the impact of safe nurse staffing on the quality of care, based on the structure-process-outcome approach, in Portuguese hospitals. BACKGROUND: Safe nurse staffing is essential for the quality of care in hospital settings, together with work environment, organisational commitment and nursing practices. However, there is little evidence of its analysis in the Portuguese context. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted using a sample of 850 nurses from 12 public hospital units in the central and northern regions of Portugal. RESULTS: The proposed structural equation model for quality assessment has a good fit (χ2 /df = 2.37; CFI = 0.88, PCFI = 0.83; PGFI = 0.77, RMSEA = 0.04), showing the impact of safe nurse staffing, work environment, and affective and normative organisational commitment on the quality of care (mortality rate and adverse events). The mediating effect of nursing practices was also found. CONCLUSION: Safe nurse staffing, which is compromised in 90% of the units, is a predictor of the quality of care through the mediating effect of nursing practices. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The results not only highlight the need for urgent intervention but also support political decision-making with a view to improving the access to quality care.

Quality of life and falls in elderly people: a mixed methods study / Calidad de vida y caídas en los ancianos: estudio del método mixto / Qualidade de vida e quedas em idosos: estudo de método misto

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess elderly people's quality of life, understanding the social representations of falls. Methods: a convergent mixed methods research carried out at homes, with a sample of 134 elderly people. A structured questionnaire was used, covering sociodemographic variables and factors that indicated frailty and risk of falling. For quality of life assessment, Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 and Theory of Social Representations, Abric's structural approach were used, with data treated by dictionary of equivalent terms, processed in Evoc 2000, converging analytically according to Neuman. Results: quality of life impairment was identified in terms of physical, emotional and functional capacity. The elements of the possible central nucleus were fall, fear, and bruised-broken-bone. Final considerations: quality of life impairment can contribute to increase the number of falls, which has been shown to be an event present in elderly people's lives through evocations. Understanding elderly people's individual demands allows planning actions.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida de los ancianos, entendiendo las representaciones sociales de las caídas. Métodos: investigación de método mixto convergente, realizada en el domicilio, con una muestra de 134 ancianos. Se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado, cubriendo variables sociodemográficas y la presencia de factores indicativos de fragilidad y riesgo de caídas. Para la evaluación de la calidad de vida se utilizó el Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 y Theory of Social Representations, enfoque estructural de Abric, con datos tratados por diccionario de términos equivalentes, procesados en el software Evoc 2000, convergiendo analíticamente según Neuman. Resultados: se identificó deterioro de la calidad de vida en los aspectos de capacidad física, emocional y funcional. Los elementos del posible núcleo central caían, miedo y huesos rotos, magullados. Consideraciones finales: las deficiencias en la calidad de vida pueden contribuir al aumento del número de caídas, que resultó ser un evento presente en la vida de los ancianos a través de evocaciones. Comprender las demandas individuales de los ancianos permite planificar acciones

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade de vida dos idosos, compreendendo as representações sociais sobre quedas. Métodos: pesquisa de método misto convergente, realizada em domicílio, tendo como amostra 134 idosos. Utilizou-se questionário estruturado abrangendo variáveis sociodemográficas e presença de fatores que indicassem fragilidade e risco para queda. Para avaliação da qualidade de vida, utilizou-se Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 e Teoria das Representações Sociais, abordagem estrutural de Abric, sendo os dados tratados por dicionário de termos equivalentes, processados no software Evoc 2000, convergindo analiticamente segundo Neuman. Resultados: identificou-se comprometimento da qualidade de vida nos aspectos físico, emocional e de capacidade funcional. Os elementos do possível núcleo central foram queda, medo e machucado-osso-quebrado. Considerações finais: prejuízos na qualidade de vida podem contribuir no aumento do número de quedas, que se mostrou um evento presente na vida do idoso através das evocações. Compreender as demandas individuais do idoso permite o planejamento de ações.

Qualidade de vida nos profissionais de enfermagem que exercem funções na estratégia saúde da família / Quality of life of nursing professionals working in the family health strategy / Calidad de vida de los profesionales de enfermería que desempeñan funciones en la estrategia de salud familiar

Enquadramento: Qualidade de vida (QV) é um constructo complexo, multidimensional e marcado pela subjetividade. Investigar a QV nos profissionais de enfermagem da atenção primária à saúde é importante para a contribuição para a promoção da saúde destes profissionais, repercutindo-se na população. Objetivos: Analisar a QV dos profissionais de enfermagem no contexto da estratégia saúde da família. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório, transversal e descritivo de abordagem quantitativa. A amostra constituiu-se por 85 profissionais de enfermagem pertencentes à estratégia saúde da família do município de Macaé/RJ/Brasil. Os dados foram recolhidos através do WHOQOL-BREF proposto pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, contemplando informações acerca do perfil sociodemográfico. Resultados: O domínio Relações sociais evidenciou o score médio mais elevado para os enfermeiros. No domínio Psicológico, apenas os técnicos de enfermagem evidenciaram os scores médios mais elevados, sendo que o domínio Ambiente evidenciou o score médio mais baixo para toda a categoria de enfermagem estudada. Conclusão: Recomenda-se aos gestores que atuam na atenção primária à saúde um maior investimento em ações direcionadas para a promoção da saúde e QV destes profissionais.

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a complex, multidimensional construct that is characterized by subjectivity. It is important to investigate the QoL of nursing professionals in primary health care because it contributes to the promotion of their health, with an impact on the population. Objectives: To analyze the QoL of nursing professionals working in the family health strategy. Methodology: Exploratory, cross-sectional, and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 85 nursing professionals working in the family health strategy in the municipality of Macaé/RJ/Brazil. Data were collected using the WHOQOL-BREF developed by the World Health Organization, which included information about the sociodemographic profile. Results: For nurses, the highest mean score was found in the Social relationships domain. In the Psychological domain, only nursing technicians had the highest mean scores. All of the professionals had the lowest mean scores in the Environment domain. Conclusion: Primary health care managers should invest more in interventions aimed at promoting these professionals' health and QoL.

Marco contextual: La calidad de vida (QV, en portugués) es un constructo complejo, multidimensional y subjetivo. La investigación de la QV en los profesionales de enfermería de atención primaria es importante para contribuir a la promoción de la salud de estos, lo que repercute en la población. Objetivos: Analizar la QV de los profesionales de enfermería en el contexto de la estrategia de salud familiar. Metodología: Estudio exploratorio, transversal y descriptivo, de enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 85 profesionales de enfermería pertenecientes a la estrategia de salud familiar del municipio de Macaé/RJ/Brasil. Los datos se recopilaron por medio del WHOQOL-BREF, propuesto por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, incluida la información sobre el perfil sociodemográfico. Resultados: El dominio Relaciones sociales mostró la mayor puntuación media de los enfermeros. En el dominio Psicológico, solo los técnicos de enfermería mostraron las puntuaciones medias más altas, mientras que el dominio Ambiente mostró la puntuación media más baja para toda la categoría de enfermería estudiada. Conclusión: Se recomienda que los gestores que actúan en la atención primaria de la salud inviertan más en acciones dirigidas a la promoción de la salud y la QV de estos profesionales.

Nurse managers' perceptions of nurse staffing and nursing care quality: A cross-sectional study.

AIM: To verify the association between the nurse staffing and the quality of nursing care, mediated by the care process, based on a hypothetical model, in Portuguese public hospitals. BACKGROUND: Nurse staffing influences health outcomes. Understaffing is associated with an increased risk for adverse events (AEs) and a reduction in the quality of care. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 55 Portuguese nurse managers. A path model was developed to analyse potential causal mediation effects on care quality. RESULTS: Nurse staffing (number and competencies) and teamwork indirectly influence the quality of care. This process is mediated by the response capacity, the use of new techniques and work methods and patient's surveillance capacity. The AEs occurrence also has a mediating role, being negatively associated with the quality of care. CONCLUSIONS: Optimizing nursing care safety and quality requires an adequate nurse staffing level, both in terms of number and competencies, as well as teamwork. Process components seem to play a mediating role in these relations. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: These results deserve the attention of nursing management for investment in the nursing staff and in the care process, to improve quality and create value in health care.

Educational program for the promotion of knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices for children in relation to traffic accidents: experimental study / Programa educativo para promoção de conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas preventivas de crianças em relação aos acidentes de trânsito: estudo experimental

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents in schoolchildren, before and after the implementation of a health education program. Methods: Experimental study carried out in two public schools in Northeastern Brazil. The sample was composed of 173 children from 3rd to 5th grade and was randomized into Experimental Group (EG; n=0) and Control Group (CG; n=8). The educational program was carried out at EG with the use of the educational therapeutic method (Health Magic Box). The data were obtained through the questionnaire Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP), applied at the beginning of the study, before any educational actions, and one month after the experimental treatment. Paired Student's t-test was used to compare the moments before and after the intervention in the EG and initial and final evaluation in the CG. Results: The children in the EG and CG were similar in relation to sociodemographic variables, and no significant difference was observed in the level of knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents between the groups in the initial evaluation. One month after the experimental treatment, a significant improvement in knowledge was observed in EG (p=0.027). Preventive attitudes and practices were also higher in children in the EG, but without significant differences in relation to CG (p=0.060 and p=0.282, respectively). Conclusions: The educational intervention increased the level of knowledge and maintained the preventive attitudes and practices on traffic accidents at the same level in 3rd-5th grade students.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento, as atitudes e as práticas preventivas de acidentes de trânsito entre crianças escolares antes e depois da aplicação de um programa educativo. Métodos: Estudo experimental, com abordagens descritiva e analítica, realizado em duas escolas públicas do nordeste brasileiro. A amostra foi composta de 173 crianças do 3º ao 5º ano do ensino fundamental e aleatorizada em Grupo Experimental (GE), com 90 participantes, e Grupo Controle (GC), com 83 participantes. O programa educativo foi realizado no GE com a utilização do método eduterapêutico (Health Magic Box). Os dados foram obtidos por meio do questionário Conhecimento, Atitudes e Práticas (CAP), aplicado no início da pesquisa, antes de qualquer ação educativa, e após um mês da realização do tratamento experimental. Na análise estatística foi utilizado o teste t de Student pareado para comparação entre os momentos anteriores e posteriores à intervenção no GE e avaliação inicial e final no GC. Resultados: As crianças do GE e GC mostraram-se semelhantes quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas, e não foi observada diferença significativa no nível de conhecimento, atitudes e práticas preventivas de acidentes de trânsito entre os grupos na avaliação inicial. Entretanto, ainda após um mês da realização do experimento, foi evidenciada melhora significativa no conhecimento do GE (p=0,027). As atitudes e práticas preventivas também foram superiores nas crianças do GE, porém sem diferença significativa em relação ao GC (p=0,060 e p=0,282, respectivamente). Conclusões: A intervenção educativa aumentou o nível de conhecimento e manteve as atitudes e práticas preventivas de acidentes de trânsito estabilizadas em estudantes de 3º a 5º ano.

EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM FOR THE PROMOTION OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PREVENTIVE PRACTICES FOR CHILDREN IN RELATION TO TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents in schoolchildren, before and after the implementation of a health education program. METHODS: Experimental study carried out in two public schools in Northeastern Brazil. The sample was composed of 173 children from 3rd to 5th grade and was randomized into Experimental Group (EG; n=0) and Control Group (CG; n=8). The educational program was carried out at EG with the use of the educational therapeutic method (Health Magic Box). The data were obtained through the questionnaire Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP), applied at the beginning of the study, before any educational actions, and one month after the experimental treatment. Paired Student's t-test was used to compare the moments before and after the intervention in the EG and initial and final evaluation in the CG. RESULTS: The children in the EG and CG were similar in relation to sociodemographic variables, and no significant difference was observed in the level of knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents between the groups in the initial evaluation. One month after the experimental treatment, a significant improvement in knowledge was observed in EG (p=0.027). Preventive attitudes and practices were also higher in children in the EG, but without significant differences in relation to CG (p=0.060 and p=0.282, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The educational intervention increased the level of knowledge and maintained the preventive attitudes and practices on traffic accidents at the same level in 3rd-5th grade students.

Health professionals' practices related with tourniquet use during peripheral venipuncture: a scoping review. / Práticas relacionadas ao uso do garrote durante a punção venosa periférica: uma revisão de escopo.

OBJECTIVES: during peripheral venipuncture, health professionals are recommended to use a tourniquet above the puncture site in order to potentiate venous distension. Given its characteristics and use in clinical settings, tourniquets may represent a source of microorganism dissemination. However, the results of scientific studies in this area are scattered in the literature. This scoping review aims to map the available evidence on health professionals' practices related with tourniquet use during peripheral venipuncture and associated microbiological contamination. METHODS: scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Two independent reviewers analyzed the relevance of the studies, extracted and synthesized data. RESULTS: fifteen studies were included in the review. Overall, tourniquets were reused without being subject to recurring decontamination processes. It has been found that practitioners share these devices among themselves and use them successively for periods between two weeks and seven and half years. CONCLUSION: nursing practices related to tourniquet use during peripheral venipuncture are not standard. Reuse of tourniquets may jeopardize the patient's safety if reprocessing (cleaning and disinfection/sterilization) is not adequate, given the type of tourniquet material and microbiota found. New studies are needed to assess the impact of various types of reprocessing practices on tourniquet decontamination and patient safety.

Práticas relacionadas ao uso do garrote durante a punção venosa periférica: uma revisão de escopo / Health professionals' practices related with tourniquet use during peripheral venipuncture: a scoping review / Prácticas relacionadas al uso del garrote durante la punción venosa periférica: una revisión de alcance

Objetivos durante a punção venosa periférica, recomenda-se o uso de um garrote acima do local da punção para potencializar a distensão venosa. Dadas as suas características e o uso em ambientes clínicos, os garrotes podem representar uma fonte de disseminação de micro-organismos. Entretanto, os resultados de estudos científicos nessa área estão dispersos na literatura. Esta revisão de escopo tem como objetivo mapear as evidências disponíveis a respeito das práticas dos profissionais de saúde no que concerne ao uso do garrote durante a punção venosa periférica e à contaminação microbiológica associada. Método revisão de escopo de acordo com a metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Dois revisores independentes analisaram a relevância dos estudos, extraíram e sintetizaram dados. Resultados quinze estudos foram incluídos na revisão. Em geral, os garrotes foram reutilizados sem processos de descontaminação recorrentes. Verificou-se que os profissionais compartilham esses dispositivos entre si e os usaram continuamente por períodos entre duas semanas e sete anos e meio. Conclusão as práticas de enfermagem relacionadas ao uso do garrote durante a punção venosa periférica não são uniformes. A reutilização de garrotes pode colocar em risco a segurança do paciente se o reprocessamento (limpeza e desinfecção/esterilização) não for adequado, dado o tipo de material do garrote e a microbiota encontrada. Novos estudos são necessários para avaliar o impacto de vários tipos de práticas de reprocessamento na descontaminação de garrotes e na segurança do paciente.

Objectives during peripheral venipuncture, health professionals are recommended to use a tourniquet above the puncture site in order to potentiate venous distension. Given its characteristics and use in clinical settings, tourniquets may represent a source of microorganism dissemination. However, the results of scientific studies in this area are scattered in the literature. This scoping review aims to map the available evidence on health professionals' practices related with tourniquet use during peripheral venipuncture and associated microbiological contamination. Methods scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Two independent reviewers analyzed the relevance of the studies, extracted and synthesized data. Results fifteen studies were included in the review. Overall, tourniquets were reused without being subject to recurring decontamination processes. It has been found that practitioners share these devices among themselves and use them successively for periods between two weeks and seven and half years. Conclusion nursing practices related to tourniquet use during peripheral venipuncture are not standard. Reuse of tourniquets may jeopardize the patient's safety if reprocessing (cleaning and disinfection/sterilization) is not adequate, given the type of tourniquet material and microbiota found. New studies are needed to assess the impact of various types of reprocessing practices on tourniquet decontamination and patient safety.

Objetivos durante la punción venosa periférica, se recomienda el uso de un garrote arriba del sitio de la punción para potenciar la distensión venosa. Dadas sus características y uso en ambientes clínicos, los garrotes pueden representar una fuente de diseminación de microorganismos. Sin embargo, los resultados de estudios científicos en esta área están dispersos en la literatura. Esta revisión de alcance tiene como objetivo mapear las evidencias disponibles acerca de las prácticas de los profesionales de salud en lo que concierne al uso del garrote durante la punción venosa periférica y la contaminación microbiológica asociada. Método revisión de alcance de acuerdo con la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Dos revisores independientes analizaron la relevancia de los estudios, extrajeron y sintetizaron datos. Resultados quince estudios se incluyeron en la revisión. En general, los garrotes fueron reutilizados sin procesos de descontaminación recurrentes. Se verificó que los profesionales comparten estos dispositivos entre sí y los utilizaron continuamente por períodos entre dos semanas y siete años y medio. Conclusión las prácticas de enfermería relacionadas al uso del garrote durante la punción venosa periférica no son uniformes. La reutilización de garrotes puede poner en riesgo la seguridad del paciente si el reprocesamiento (limpieza y desinfección/esterilización) no es adecuado, dado el tipo de material del garrote y la microbiota encontrada. Nuevos estudios son necesarios para evaluar el impacto de varios tipos de prácticas de reprocesamiento en la descontaminación de garrotes y en la seguridad del paciente.

Practice environment scale of the nursing work index: Portuguese version and psychometric properties.

AIM: To assess the psychometric properties regarding the Portuguese version of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index. BACKGROUND: The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index is the most widely used measure for assessing the practice environment. A model with a higher number of factors appears to be more adequate to Portuguese settings. METHOD: A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index using a sample of 850 Portuguese nurses. Three models were tested: the original model, a seven-factor model and a higher-order model. An analysis of invariance was performed in two subsets to confirm the stability of the solution. RESULTS: The seven-factor model fit better to the data than the original model. After refinement, this solution showed suitability and a stable factor structure. Reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity were confirmed. A second-order factor solution also showed suitability. CONCLUSION: The seven-factor structure of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index showed a better goodness-of-fit to Portuguese settings than the original structure. The second-order factor solution allows an overall assessment of practice environments. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The Portuguese version of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index is a valuable tool for assessing Portuguese nursing practice environments. The seven-factor solution of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index showed high specificity.

Empreendedorismo no ensino superior: estudo psicométrico da escala oportunidades e recursos para empreender / Entrepreneurship in higher education: a psychometric study of the scale of opportunities and resources for entrepreneurship / El espíritu empresarial en la educación superior: estudio psicométrico de la escala de oportunidades y recursos para emprender

O empreendedorismo pode ser definido como a tentativa de criar um novo projeto, gerar o próprio emprego ou expandir um negócio já existente. Apesar de existirem diversas escalas de empreendedorismo, a maioria reporta-se à avaliação efetuada por empresas. O presente estudo visa testar as propriedades psicométricas da escala Oportunidades e Recursos para Empreender em estudantes do Ensino Superior, centrando-se nos fatores que influenciam o comportamento empreendedor. A escala foi administrada a 6532 estudantes do ensino politécnico. Foi realizada uma análise fatorial exploratória com metade da amostra dividida aleatoriamente, tendo emergido quatro fatores: F1-Disponibilidade de Recursos, F2-Estabilidade do Negócio, F3-Instabilidade Económica e Política e F4-Oportunidades de Negócio. Com a segunda amostra realizou-se uma análise fatorial confirmatória, tendo apresentado bons índices de ajustamento. O estudo sustentou a robustez psicométrica do instrumento em análise, demonstrando que os fatores do meio são percebidos pelos estudantes como importantes variáveis promotoras do empreendedorismo em Portugal.

Entrepreneurship can be defined as an attempt to launch new projects, create self-employment opportunities, or expand existing businesses. There are multiple entrepreneurship measurement scales; however, most of them are aimed at corporate evaluation. This study intends to analyze the psychometric properties of the Opportunities and Resources for Entrepreneurship scale in a sample of university students, focusing on factors that influence entrepreneurial behaviors. The sample consisted of 6,532 polytechnic university students. The sample was randomly divided into two equal-sized groups. An exploratory factor analysis was run using one subgroup, from which four factors emerged: F1-Resource Availability, F2-Business Stability, F3-Economic and Political Instability, and F4-Business Opportunities. A confirmatory factor analysis was then done using the other subgroup, which showed acceptable goodness-of-fit levels. This study demonstrated the psychometric robustness of the instrument under analysis, as well as that students perceive environmental factors as important variables that promote entrepreneurship in Portugal.

El emprendimiento empresarial puede definirse como el intento de crear un nuevo proyecto, generar empleo por cuenta propia o ampliar un negocio ya existente. Pese a que existen diversas escalas de emprendimiento empresarial, la mayoría se refiere a la evaluación efectuada por las empresas. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo probar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala Oportunidades y Recursos para emprender en estudiantes de la educación superior, focalizando en los factores que influyen en el comportamiento emprendedor. Se administró la escala a 6532 estudiantes de enseñanza superior politécnica. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio, a partir del cual surgieron cuatro factores: F1-Disponibilidad de Recursos, F2-Estabilidad del Negocio, F3-Instabilidad Económica y Política, y F4-Oportunidades de Negocio. Con la segunda muestra se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, el cual presentó buenos índices de ajuste. El estudio sostuvo la robustez psicométrica, y demostró que los estudiantes perciben las influencias ambientales como importantes variables que promueven el empredimiento empresarial en Portugal.

Processo de concepção de uma tecnologia para o cuidado em enfermagem e saúde / Proceso de concepción de una tecnología para el cuidado en enfermería y salud / Design process of a technology for the care in nursing and health

RESUMO Trata-se de um relato de experiência que aborda a vivência de alunas do curso de pós-graduação Mestrado em Enfermagem na disciplina Tecnologia em Saúde e em Enfermagem. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o processo de concepção de uma tecnologia para o cuidado em enfermagem e saúde. As alunas, estimuladas a associar o uso da tecnologia para solucionar um problema de enfermagem, apresentaram a ideia de aprimorar o modelo de carromaca existente no mercado, uma vez que o produto atual apresenta vários riscos para os profissionais que o manuseiam, como também para os pacientes transportados. A proposta possibilita reduzir o absenteísmo laboral por motivo de lesões ergonômicas e proporcionar conforto e segurança ao usuário. A abordagem do empreendedorismo como disciplina dentro da academia proporcionou ampliar horizontes durante a formação no mestrado das alunas que, enquanto futuras docentes, estão conscientes da capacidade do empreendedorismo e do uso da tecnologia para propiciar mudanças no cenário na enfermagem.

RESUMEN Se trata de un relato de experiencia respecto a la vivencia de alumnas del curso de postgrado Máster en Enfermería en la asignatura de Tecnología en Salud y Enfermería. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el proceso de concepción de una tecnología para el cuidado en enfermería y salud. Las alumnas, estimuladas a asociar el uso de la tecnología para solucionar un problema de enfermería, presentaron la idea de perfeccionar el modelo de carro-camilla existente en el mercado, una vez que el producto actual presenta varios riesgos para los profesionales que lo manejan, así como para los pacientes transportados. La propuesta posibilita reducir el absentismo laboral por motivo de lesiones ergonómicas y proporcionar comodidad y seguridad al usuario. El abordaje del emprendimiento como asignatura dentro de la academia proporcionó ampliar horizontes durante la formación en el máster de las alumnas que, como futuras docentes, están conscientes de la capacidad del emprendimiento y del uso de la tecnología para propiciar cambios en el escenario en la enfermería.

ABSTRACT This is an account of experience that addresses the experience of students of the postgraduate course master of science in nursing in health and Technology discipline in nursing. This study aimed to describe the process of designing a technology for the care in nursing and health. The students, encouraged to associate the use of technology to solve a problem of nursing, presented the idea to improve the model of car-litter on the market, since the current product presents several risks to the professionals that the handling, as well as for patients transported. The proposal makes it possible to reduce the labor absenteeism due to ergonomic injuries and provide comfort and safety to the user. The approach of entrepreneurship as a discipline within the Academy provided expand horizons during training in the masters of students who, while future teachers, are aware of the ability of entrepreneurship and the use of technology to provide changes in the scenario on nursing.

Profile of consumption of psychoactive substances and its relationship to sociodemographic characteristics: a contribution to a brief intervention in primary health care, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Perfil del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y su relación con las características sociodemográficas: una contribución para intervención breve en la atención primaria a la salud, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil / Perfil do consumo de substâncias psicoativas e sua relação com as características sociodemográficas: uma contribuição para intervenção breve na atenção primária à saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the profile of consumption of psychoactive substances in the past three months and their association with sociodemographic variables. A cross-sectional study was conducted with users of the Family Health Strategy in the perspective of the brief intervention, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The sample included 1,489 users of the service interviewed throughout a year. The consumption of substances was assessed through the questionnaire Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Statistical analysis was developed using the software SPSS. The highest prevalence rates in the past three months were found in the male subsample for use of tobacco (56.4%), alcoholic drinks (75.8%), cannabis (16.9%), and cocaine/crack (10.1%). Religion and educational level appear as an important protective factor against the use of drugs. A prevalence of consumption of psychoactive substances among the users of this area within the scope of work of nurses was evidenced.

RESUMEN Se objetivó analizar el perfil de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los últimos tres meses y su asociación con las variables sociodemográficas. Se trata de un estudio transversal de los pacientes incluidos en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia en la perspectiva de la Intervención Breve. El estudio se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brazil. La muestra estuvo constituida de 1498 usuarios del Servicio, entrevistados por el periodo de un año. El consumo de sustancias se evaluó mediante un cuestionario Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software SPSS. Las prevalencias en los últimos tres meses fue detectada en la submuestra masculina para el uso de tabaco (56,4%), bebidas alcohólicas (75,8%), cannabis (16,9%) y cocaína/crack (10,1%). La religión y la escolaridad emergen como importante factor para el uso de drogas. Se evidenció una prevalencia del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, de la clientela atendida en esta área en el ámbito de la práctica del enfermero.

RESUMO Objetivou-se analisar o perfil de consumo de substâncias psicoativas nos últimos três meses e sua associação com as variáveis sociodemográficas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com clientes atendidos na Estratégia Saúde da Família, na perspectiva da Intervenção Breve. O estudo aconteceu na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A amostra incluiu 1489 usuários do serviço, entrevistados ao longo de um ano. O consumo das substâncias foi avaliado pelo questionário Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. A análise estatística foi elaborada no software SPSS. As maiores prevalências nos últimos três meses foram detectadas na subamostra masculina para o uso do tabaco (56,4%), bebidas alcoólicas (75,8%), cannabis (16,9%) e cocaína/crack (10,1%). A religião e a escolaridade emergem como importante fator protetor para o uso das drogas. Evidenciou-se uma prevalência do consumo de substâncias psicoativas dentre os clientes atendidos nessa área, no âmbito da prática do enfermeiro.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the primary health care satisfaction questionnaire / Adaptação transcultural do questionário de satisfação com os cuidados primários de saúde

Objective To develop the cross-cultural validation and assessment of the psychometric properties of the Questionnaire about the quality and satisfaction dimensions of patients with primary health care. Methods Methodological cultural adaptation and assessment study of the psychometric properties, involving 398 users from a primary care service. The construct validity was verified through principal components factor analysis and internal consistency assessment as determined by Cronbach’s alpha, using SPSS. Results A factorial structure was identified that is equivalent to the original instrument, showing six factors that explain 70.81% of the total variance. All internal consistency coefficients were higher than 0.84, indicating appropriate psychometric properties. Conclusion The results show that the Brazilian Portuguese version of the instrument is culturally and linguistically appropriate to assess the satisfaction of users attended in primary care services. .

Objetivo Realizar a validação transcultural e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do Questionário sobre as dimensões de qualidade e satisfação de pacientes com cuidados primários de saúde. Métodos Estudo metodológico de adaptação cultural e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas com participação de 398 usuários de uma unidade de atenção primária. A validade de construto foi verificada através da análise fatorial em componentes principais e avaliação da consistência interna determinada pelo alfa de Cronbach com uso do SPSS. Resultados Identificou-se estrutura fatorial equivalente ao instrumento original emergindo seis fatores que explicam 70,81% da variância total. Todos os valores de consistência interna foram superiores a 0,84 denotando propriedades psicométricas adequadas. Conclusão Os resultados evidenciam uma adequação cultural e linguística do instrumento na versão em português do Brasil, mostrando-se adequado para avaliar a satisfação dos usuários atendidos em unidades primárias de saúde. .