Solitary Neurofibroma of Mandible in a 2-Year-Old Child: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature.

Solitary intraosseous neurofibromas of mandible are very rare and only 40 cases are documented. This case report presents one of the youngest documented case of solitary neurofibroma of mandible, in a 2-years old male child. The tumour was symptomatic and presented as a swelling over right posterior region of mandible. The patient underwent conservative excision under general anaesthesia. The inferior alveolar nerve was preserved. Histopathology was suggestive of benign nerve sheath tumour. Immunohistochemistry showed moderate S-100 and strong CD34 positivity. Postoperative healing was uneventful. This report also reviews forty previously reported cases of solitary intraosseous neurofibromas of the mandible.

Nasoorbitoethmoid fractures in a tertiary care hospital of eastern India: A prospective study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report on the pattern of occurrence of nasoorbitoethmoid (NOE) fractures in Odisha and the various factors that influence their distribution. METHODS: The study period was from January 1, 2016 to December 15, 2017. After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, all patients diagnosed with naso-orbito-ethmoid fractures reporting to the department of OMFS and Level-1 trauma centers were included in the study. Sociodemographic data along with the etiology and type of fracture were mentioned. Associated injuries to other body parts were noted. Open reduction was possible only in five cases of NOE fractures. The treatment plan including the operative approach and postoperative results was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 1192 patients with facial fracture were seen, of which 52 (4.36%) patients had NOE fractures. Males far outnumbered females in a ratio of 9:1. Thirty-three patients (63.46%) had unilateral NOE fracture, while the rest 19 (36.54%) had bilateral NOE fracture. Sixteen (30.76%) cases were classified as Type I, 35 (67.30%) as Type II, and 1 (1.92%) as Type III. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of NOE fractures (69%), followed by fall (17%) and assault (10%). The most common neurological injury to be associated with NOE fractures was pneumocephalus (29%), followed by diffuse axonal injury (8%). Telecanthus (100%) was found to be the primary clinical feature in patients of NOE fracture, followed by a depressed nasal bridge (92%). Fracture of the nasal bone was invariably associated with NOE fracture. Complications observed due to untreated NOE fractures included a shortened and retruded nose, shortened palpebral fissures, telecanthus, and enophthalmos. CONCLUSION: Contemporary management of NOE complex fractures demands precise diagnosis and immediate surgical management with anatomic reduction and rigid fixation of the involved bone segments. With an improvement in socioeconomic status and increased awareness among maxillofacial surgeons, hopefully, a greater number of NOE fracture patients will avail the benefits of open reduction in future.

Locking versus non-locking plating system in the treatment of mandibular fractures: A randomized comparative study.

To evaluate fracture stability and complications such as infections, need for hardware removal, malunion, and nonunion when using 2.0-mm locking plating system in fixation of mandible fractures and to compare these to those associated with the 2.0-mm non-locking plating system. A prospective clinical study was conducted in a cohort of mandible fracture patients who were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients in the non-locking group were treated with 2.0-mm non-locking plating system, and those in locking group were treated with 2.0-mm locking plating system. Fracture stability, need for maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) and postoperative complications were assessed and compared. A total of 60 patients (30 in each group) were recruited. Significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to postoperative fracture stability (P = 0.001) and need for MMF (P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis revealed that type of fixation was not the only dependent variable which affected fracture stability. There were no significant differences in postoperative complications between the two groups. The 2.0-mm locking plating system provides greater stability and early functional restoration than the 2.0-mm non-locking plating system, with similar rates of postoperative complications. Thus, it can be used as a reliable and effective treatment modality for treating mandibular fractures.

The incisive papilla as a guide to maxillary anterior teeth position for complete dentures.

CONTEXT: The incisive papilla as a guide for complete dentures. AIMS: To evaluate incisive papilla as a guide to maxillary anterior teeth position for complete dentures. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: To measure the linear distances from the incisive papilla to the maxillary central incisors in Odia population and compare it to other ethnic groups. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were selected following inclusion & exclusion criteria. The impressions of maxillary & mandibular arches were taken and poured with die stone to produce the cast. The incisive papilla & incisors were marked on casts with a pencil. The photographs of casts were traced on an acetate tracing paper. The anterior-most points of maxillary incisors, anterior, middle & posterior-most points of incisive papillae were marked on the tracing as A, I1,M, I2 respectively. The A to M and A to I2 distances were measured, analysed and compared with Caucasians, Southern Chinese, and Dravidians. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Independent sample "t" test and Analysis of Variance followed by the post-hoc Bonferroni test were used. RESULTS: A sample of 100 subjects in the age group of 20 to 40 years with was selected. The A to M measurements of Odia population differed significantly from Caucasians but were similar to Southern Chinese population. The A to I2 measurements of Odia population differed significantly from Caucasians & Dravidians but were similar to Southern Chinese. CONCLUSION: The linear measurements from incisive papilla to maxillary incisors of the Odia population are similar to that of Southern Chinese but differ significantly from Caucasians and Dravidians.

Cemento-ossifying fibroma of mandible: An unusual case report and review of literature.

The term ossifying fibroma (OF) has recently been included under fibro-osseous lesions. Cemento-OF (COF) is a benign neoplasm that arises from the periodontal membrane which contains multipotential cells that are capable of forming cementum, lamellar bone and fibrous tissue. These tumors occur in the third and fourth decades of life with a predilection for women. The mandible is more commonly involved than the maxilla. This lesion has caused considerable controversy regarding the use of terminology, origin and diagnostic criteria. This article describes an unusual case of COF presenting as unilocular lytic lesion of mandible in a 38-year-old male patient with review of literature.