Dental Forensic Kit (DFK®) and Quick Extract™ FFPE DNA extraction kit, a new workflow for obtaining dental DNA for human genetic identity.

BACKGROUND: Most of the protocols described for obtaining DNA from dental tissues are methods that involve major laboratory equipment and many hours of work. They are also methodologies that almost destroy the tooth. AIM: Our aim was to develop an innovative workflow for optimizing dental DNA extraction from teeth. Our methodological proposal is a new workflow for obtaining dental DNA for human genetic identity using Dental Forensic Kit (DFK®) and Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE™) DNA extraction kit. METHODS: Two different dental samples groups were assayed with DFK® and FFPE™. The first group corresponded to extracted teeth from living donors and the second group was considered in real conditions with challenging teeth from corpses. Genomic Dental DNA was amplified and genotyped with platforms Identifiler Plus™, Power Plex 21™ and Global Filer ™ kits. RESULTS: Our workflow was useful in obtaining dental DNA and partial and complete genetic profiles, from teeth of both study groups. DFK® kit worked in a conservative treatment of teeth generating dental tissues (pulp and cement) and FFPE™ for DNA extraction was a very cheap, quick and easy method for obtaining genomic dental DNA. CONCLUSIONS: The innovative method and the workflow proposed herein allows obtaining robust and reliable genetic profiles, from dental tissues. DFK® kit works optimizing the treatment of dental tissues and FFPE™ demonstrates a new use in forensic genetics.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Zero Mothers Die (ZMD App) in Brazil: contributing to digital health with the approach on care centred for e-pregnant woman / Adaptação transcultural do aplicativo Zero Mothers Die para dispositivos móveis no Brasil: contribuições para a saúde digital com abordagem do cuidado centrado na e-gestante

Abstract Objectives: to describe the adaptation process of the Zero Mothers Die app, developed in Europe, is to combat maternal mortality, was brought into the Brazilian context with an individualized auscultation methodology for pregnant women and mothers who attended a high complexity referred teaching hospital. Methods: the research consisted of two parts: the participant observation technique was used by health professionals to translate the platform; with an approach in the service with online forms for pregnant women, and the content analysis was performed by grounded theory of the data. During five months, 109 pregnant women and mothers installed the app, but only 17 completed the questionnaire. Results: the women and health professionals pointed out questions such as interactivity, application interface, content, pregnancy and childcare clinical management, which contributed for the Brazilian version. Conclusions: the participatory medicine and e-pregnant woman are new premises of a humanization policy for women and childcare. The insertion of an app with information based on the best evidence in the prenatal routine in the health establishments with teaching activities that can provide new dialogue connections with the pregnant women and chances to update the professional in training.

Resumo Objetivos: descrever o processo de adaptação do aplicativo para combate à mortalidade materna Zero Mothers Die, desenvolvido na Europa, ao contexto brasileiro com metodologia de ausculta individualizada das gestantes e mães usuárias em hospital referência de alta complexidade e de ensino. Métodos: a pesquisa contou com duas partes: utilizou-se a técnica de observação participante para a tradução da plataforma pelos profissionais de saúde; abordagem no serviço com formulários online direcionados a gestantes e análise de conteúdo à luz da teoria fundamentada nos dados. Durante cinco meses, 109 gestantes e mães instalaram o aplicativo, 17 preencheram o questionário. Resultados: as mulheres e os profissionais de saúde apontaram questões de interatividade, interface do aplicativo, conteúdo, manejo clínico da gravidez e do cuidado à criança, que contribuíram para a versão brasileira. Conclusões: a medicina participatória e a e-gestante são novas premissas de uma política de humanização para o cuidado da mulher e da criança. A inserção de um aplicativo com informação baseada na melhor evidência em rotina pré-natal de estabelecimentos de saúde com atividades de ensino pode oportunizar novos canais de diálogo com a gestante e atualização do profissional em treinamento.

Transtorno de estresse pós-traumático e uso de drogas ilícitas em mulheres encarceradas no Rio de Janeiro / Posttraumatic stress disorder and illicit drug use among incarcerated women in Rio de Janeiro

CONTEXTO: O risco para o desenvolvimento de transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) entre mulheres encarceradas pode estar associado ao consumo de drogas. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a frequência de TEPT entre mulheres encarceradas e sua relação com o uso de drogas na prisão. As voluntárias foram também avaliadas para a determinação de ansiedade-traço, depressão, eventos estressores e características sociodemográficas e comparadas quanto à presença ou não do transtorno. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com mulheres encarceradas em que foram utilizados para a avaliação de TEPT os critérios determinados pelo DSM-IV, o Inventário Christo para descrição de uso de drogas, o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado e o Inventário Beck para avaliação de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: Das 134 mulheres avaliadas, 40,3% apresentaram TEPT. Houve maior uso diário de cocaína entre as positivas para o transtorno (p < 0,01). O uso diário de drogas ilícitas na prisão foi descrito por 53% das entrevistadas. Todas as participantes TEPT-positivas apresentavam algum grau de depressão em comparação às TEPT-negativas (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A alta prevalência de TEPT encontrada é comparável à de populações de risco. Apesar de estarem em regime prisional, é alto o uso de drogas ilícitas. O maior uso de cocaína entre as detentas que apresentaram TEPT indica preferência por drogas estimulantes em mulheres com o transtorno.

BACKGROUND: The risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among incarcerated women may be associated with drug use. OBJECTIVES: To establish the frequency of PTSD in a sample of incarcerated women and its relationship with drug use inside prison. Anxiety and depression, nature of stressors and sociodemographic data were evaluated and the sample of PTSD-positive women was compared with the one of PTSD-negative women. METHODS: The study had a cross-sectional design. The PTSD was evaluated according to the DSM-IV criteria. Drug consumption was assessed with the Christo Inventory for drug consumption. Anxiety was evaluated with the Spielberger Inventory and depression with the Beck Inventory. RESULTS: Among the 134 examined women, 40.3% showed PTSD. There was a significantly higher daily use of cocaine among women with a positive PTSD diagnosis (p < 0.01). Daily consumption of illicit drugs was reported by 53% of the assessed women in prison. Compared to PTSD-negative women, all participants diagnosed as PTSD-positive showed some degree of depression (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The high prevalence of PTSD among incarcerated women is comparable to the prevalence of high-risk populations described in other studies. In spite of being in prison, consumption of illicit drugs was high. The association of PTSD with an increased cocaine use suggests a preference to consume stimulant drugs among incarcerated women with PTSD.