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1.
J Med Entomol ; 45(3): 370-4, 2008 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18533428

RESUMO

This study reports the genetic characterization of urban and rural populations of Phlebotomus (Phlebotomus) papatasi Scopoli (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Marrakech, Morocco. Using isoenzymatic analysis, four Moroccan populations were compared with other Mediterranean basin populations from Spain, Cyprus, and Syria. Morphological anomalies were noted in the male genitalia of 5.3% of the specimens collected from Marrakech area. Qualitative analysis of zymogram profiles revealed nine polymorphic enzymes (HK, PGM, PGI, 6PGD, MDH1, MDH2, ICD2, FUM, and ACO) and three monomorphic enzymes (ME, ICD1, and alphaGPDH). Genetic distances clearly separated the populations of western Mediterranean countries (Morocco and Spain) from eastern countries (Syria and Cyprus), but they could not be used to differentiate between urban and rural populations in Marrakech area.


Assuntos
Phlebotomus/classificação , Phlebotomus/enzimologia , Animais , Demografia , Isoenzimas , Marrocos , Phlebotomus/genética , Filogenia
2.
Parasite ; 12(4): 283-91, 2005 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16402559

RESUMO

Phlebotomus perniciosus was identified morphologically in samples from France and northeast Spain, and individuals were then characterized at three polymorphic isoenzyme loci (by isoelectrofocusing) and at the mitochondrial DNA locus (by comparative DNA sequence analysis of a fragment of the Cytochrome b gene). The four polymorphic loci gave conflicting patterns of population relationships, which can be explained by hypothesizing different amounts of gene introgression at each locus when two distinctive lineages met in southern France or northeast Spain after isolation in southern Italy and Spain during the Pleistocene Ice Ages. P. perniciosus is an important vector of leishmania infantum and so these population differentiation studies are relevant for predicting the emergence and spread of leishmaniasis in relation to environmental changes, including climate.


Assuntos
Grupo dos Citocromos b/genética , DNA Mitocondrial/análise , Isoenzimas/isolamento & purificação , Phlebotomus , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Feminino , França , Geografia , Focalização Isoelétrica/métodos , Leishmaniose Visceral/transmissão , Masculino , Phlebotomus/classificação , Phlebotomus/enzimologia , Phlebotomus/genética , Phlebotomus/parasitologia , Filogenia , Alinhamento de Sequência
3.
J Med Entomol ; 39(5): 720-2, 2002 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12349853

RESUMO

Esterases are often used to measure genetic variation, yet they may be influenced by external factors. Isoelectrofocusing was used to investigate the effects of bloodmeal on the esterase variation in wild populations of Phlebotomus (Larroussius) ariasi Tonnoir and P. (L.) perniciosus Newstead and in a colonized population of P. (Phlebotomus) duboscqi Neveu-Lemaire. Modified electrophoretic profiles were demonstrated to be associated with blood digestion. The bloodmeal-induced esterase electromorphs were only found in the abdomen homogenates of the sand flies. These changes in esterase phenotype were probably due to a proteolysis phenomenon and disappeared at the end of bloodmeal digestion. The effect was eliminated by adding trypsin inhibitors.


Assuntos
Esterases/análise , Psychodidae/enzimologia , Animais , Digestão , Feminino , Variação Genética , Humanos , Focalização Isoelétrica/métodos , Fenótipo , Psychodidae/metabolismo
4.
Parasitol Res ; 88(7): 712-3, 2002 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12107467

RESUMO

The relative efficacy of commercially available formulations of the new repellent KBR 3023 (Bayrepel, Bayer, Germany) was compared against Phlebotomus duboscqi. The results provided laboratory evidence of phlebotomine sandfly sensitivity.


Assuntos
Inseticidas/toxicidade , Phlebotomus , Piperidinas/toxicidade , Animais , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
5.
J Med Entomol ; 37(2): 289-94, 2000 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10730503

RESUMO

Phlebotomus simici Theodor and P. brevis Artemiev & Dergacheva are closely related species in the subgenus Adlerius that only may be identified by the male terminalia. Females only may be differentiated by collecting them in copula. Because females of P. simici may be involved in Leishmania transmission, their identity should be verified. Our study separated individual from 2 sympatric populations in Lebanon by means of agarose enzyme electrophoresis. Differential patterns were found at the PGM and HK loci. Results were confirmed by morphological reexamination of female spermathecae and pharyngeal armature.


Assuntos
Phlebotomus/classificação , Psychodidae/classificação , Animais , Feminino , Focalização Isoelétrica , Isoenzimas/análise , Phlebotomus/anatomia & histologia , Phlebotomus/enzimologia , Psychodidae/anatomia & histologia , Psychodidae/enzimologia
6.
C R Acad Sci III ; 321(10): 849-55, 1998 Oct.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9835021

RESUMO

Phylogenetic relationships among Phlebotominae were inferred through a pilot study using parsimony analysis of the D2 domain of ribosomal DNA sequences: 455 pairs of bases were sequenced in nine species of Phlebotomine sandflies which belong to the genera Lutzomyia, Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia. Two taxa are used as outgroups: Psychoda sp. and Nemapalpus flavus which is the sister group of the Phlebotominae. The South American genus Lutzomyia appears to be monophyletic. The Mediterranean species Sergentomyia dentata is its sister group and is not clustered with the Old World genus Phlebotomus. The latter is a paraphyletic genus with an early individualization of the branch including the closely related subgenera Phlebotomus and Paraphlebotomus, and a late individualization of the subgenus Larroussius. These results have some consequences on the biogeography of the leishmaniasis in the Old World.


Assuntos
Evolução Molecular , Phlebotomus/genética , Filogenia , Psychodidae/genética , Animais , Sequência de Bases , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Projetos Piloto , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico
7.
Parasitol Res ; 82(1): 48-51, 1996.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8825445

RESUMO

Samples of two Phlebotomus sergenti natural populations from San Juan (Tenerife), representing the western edge of the distribution area of this species, and Axos (Crete) were collected. The morphological comparison showed marked differences in the lengths of parts of the male genitalia, female pharynx, and spermathecae. The isoenzyme study revealed characteristic monomorphic phenotypes for glucose phosphate isomerase, hexokinase, and phosphoglucomutase in the Canarian specimens as compared with the Cretan population. These results confirm the heterogeneity of P. sergenti and indicate the utility of a systematic double approach for a revision of this taxon.


Assuntos
Isoenzimas/análise , Phlebotomus/enzimologia , Phlebotomus/ultraestrutura , Animais , Feminino , Grécia , Masculino , Espanha
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