[Screening for symptoms of depression during postpartum and the long term follow up: temporal stability and associated factors]. / Detección de síntomas depresivos durante el postparto inmediato y el seguimiento a largo plazo: estabilidad temporal y factores asociados.

AIMS: To describe the frequency of depressive symptoms compatible with a postpartum depression diagnosis, the associated factors and the temporal stability. METHODS: During 2006-2007 398 hospitalized puerperal women who attended CEMIC were interviewed 5 days after childbirth using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and a socio-demographic questionnaire. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors with a positive screening. During the following 6-12 months a follow up was carried with two groups of similar characteristics. RESULTS: The frequency of depressive symptoms at post partum was 17.8% (cut off = 10). Depressive history and neonatal intensive care were significantly related to a positive screening. From the 110 interviewed women, 24 were positive in the follow-up. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of risk for postpartum depression in the sample of patients surveyed is within the parameters reported in international literature. At the 6 month follow up, 6 previously asymptomatic women during the first screening turned on positive. It is theorize the existence of potential postpartum depression cases that can manifest up to a year after childbirth.

[Promoting new paradigms: Bill Fulford and values-based medicine]. / Promoviendo nuevos paradigmas: Bill Fulford y la Medicina Basada en los Valores.

In this paper we present the principles of values-based medicine (VBM) as they were developed by Bill Fulford, its creator. VBM is the theory and practice of effective health-care decision making for situations in which legitimately different, and hence potentially conflicting, value perspectives are in place. Values, as describes by Sadler, are a range of preferences, predilections, insights, opinions, and predispositions to act. Conceived in this way values are a major determinant of our actions or decisions and give a framework for our goals. VBM is complementary to Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). With the background of analytic philosophy, VBM provides clinical tools for linking the scientific knowledge of EBM to the needs and wishes of the individual patient in the clinical setting. We will describe the ten principles and provide some commentaries and reflections on them.

La medicalización del sufrimiento femenino: el Trastorno Disfórico Premenstrual / The medicalization of feminine suffering: premenstrual dysphoric disorder

En este artículo intentaremos reflejar algunas de las tensiones existentes en nuestro campo con relación a la cuestión de género, tomando como eje al trastorno disfórico premenstrual (TDPM). Trataremos de ejemplificar las dificultades que se le presentan a la psiquiatría a la hora de intentar comprender lo que llamamos enfermedad mental y cuáles son sus condicionantes internos y externos en relación a una mirada que contemple la perspectiva de género. Desplegaremos dos aproximaciones diferentes. Primero narraremos la historia oficial del TDPM, la que cuentan las revistas médicas que toman en cuenta una vertiente positivista de evolución del conocimiento científico, que no considera a las cuestiones de género. Luego describiremos una aproximación crítica que no desdeña el modelo médico pero lo complementa con aportes provenientes de las ciencias sociales y así puede dar cuenta del sufrimiento femenino en toda su singularidad y amplitud, como sólo es posible a partir de utilizar la perspectiva de género aplicada a la psiquiatría. No podemos pretender que la mirada desde el género se despliegue completamente en el campo de la psiquiatría cuando en el conjunto de la vida social se registra una gran dificultad para que el concepto de género pueda visualizarse en diferentes áreas de la vida cotidiana.

In this paper we'll try to show some of the tensions existing in our field related to gender issue, focusing on the premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). We'll try to give some examples of the difficulties Psychiatry has when trying to understand what it is called a mental illness and which are its internal and external determinants from a gender perspective. We will display two different approximations. First of all, the official PMDD story will be narrated, the one told by medical journals, that basing on a positivist side of the scientific knowledge evolution, avoids gender issues. Then we'll describe a critical perspective, which far from denying the medical model it tries to complement it with social sciences contributions, so female suffering can be appreciated in its own singularity and extension. This only can be possible by including gender perspective in Psychiatry practice. We can't expect gender perspective to be fully spread out in the Psychiatry field when in the whole social life there is a big difficulty in visualizing gender concept among the different areas of every day life.

[The medicalization of feminine suffering: premenstrual dysphoric disorder]. / La medicalización del sufrimiento femenino: el trastorno disfórico premenstrual.

In this paper we'll try to show some of the tensions existing in our field related to gender issue, focusing on the premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). We'll try to give some examples of the difficulties Psychiatry has when trying to understand what it is called a mental illness and which are its internal and external determinants from a gender perspective. We will display two different approximations. First of all, the official PMDD story will be narrated, the one told by medical journals, that basing on a positivist side of the scientific knowledge evolution, avoids gender issues. Then we'll describe a critical perspective, which far from denying the medical model it tries to complement it with social sciences contributions , so female suffering can be appreciated in its own singularity and extension. This only can be possible by including gender perspective in Psychiatry practice. We can't expect gender perspective to be fully spread out in the Psychiatry field when in the whole social life there is a big difficulty in visualizing gender concept among the different areas of every day life.

[Ethical aspects of psychiatric practice in Argentina: a survey]. / "Cuando la leyenda se convierte en hecho, publica la leyenda". Estudio de campo sobre aspectos éticos de la práctica psiquiátrica en la Argentina.

The following paper is the last one of three, whose primary target consists of reflecting on the present psychiatric practice and about the ethical questions that of her are given off. We expose the results of a study, made from a survey to a population of psychiatrists of Argentina that investigate our intellectual and clinical reality. We describe the different characteristics, some of which we considered essential for the clinical practice and tried to determine the relevance that formation and readings in ethics have for the psychiatrists, along with the relevance granted to the social and anthropological aspects of our specialty at the moment of clinical attention.