Nursing workload in oncological intensive care in the COVID-19 pandemic: retrospective cohort.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the nursing workload in an oncology intensive care unit according to the condition of COVID-19 infection. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study. The Nursing Activities Score was used to measure the workload and document analysis for data extraction. The medical records were divided into a group of patients with COVID-19 and another group of patients without the infection. RESULTS: The values of the Nursing Activities Score were not different depending on the sociodemographic variables, but the average of this score was statistically different depending on whether the patient had the diagnosis of COVID-19 or not, being higher in those who had the disease. CONCLUSION: It was proved that the nursing workload is high in the context of the oncology intensive care unit. However, COVID-19 increased this score even more, with the Nursing Activities Score being an important tool to size the team in this context.

Repercussões psicossociais do tratamento radioterápico para o câncer do colo uterino: uma abordagem qualitativa / Psychosocial repercussions of radiotherapy treatment for cervical cancer: a qualitative approach / Repercusiones psicosociales del tratamiento de radioterapia para el cáncer de cuello uterino: un enfoque cualitativo

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as repercussões psicossociais do pós-tratamento radioterápico para o câncer do colo uterino. Método: estudo qualitativo, com a participação de pacientes em pós-tratamento radioterápico para o câncer do colo uterino em um ambulatório de enfermagem oncoginecológica, localizado no Município do Rio de Janeiro - Brasil. Os dados foram coletados durante os meses de março e abril de 2019 por meio de entrevista aberta e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: definiram-se quatro categorias: o constructo de papéis sociais: a perda da identidade feminina; a sexualidade da mulher pós-tratamento para o câncer do colo uterino: repercussões conjugais; dificuldades de adaptação à nova condição de vida: reconstruindo a imagem corporal; convivendo com o câncer do colo uterino: repensando a vida e reconstruindo valores através da rede de apoio. Considerações finais: os resultados contribuem para o direcionamento do cuidado, aumentando a qualidade de vida e auxiliando a reorganização da vida profissional, social e familiar dessas mulheres.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the psychosocial repercussions of post radiotherapy treatment for cervical cancer. Method: qualitative study, with the participation of patients in post radiotherapy treatment for cervical cancer in an onco-gynecologic nursing outpatient clinic, located in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil. Data were collected during the months of March and April 2019 by means of open interview and submitted to content analysis. Results: four categories were defined: the construct of social roles: the loss of female identity; the sexuality of post-treated women for cervical cancer: marital repercussions; difficulties in adapting to the new life condition: rebuilding the body image; living with cervical cancer: rethinking life and rebuilding values through the support network. Final considerations: the results contribute to the direction of care, increasing the quality of life and helping these women reorganize their professional, social, and family lives.

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer las repercusiones psicosociales del tratamiento post-radioterapia del cáncer de cuello de útero. Método: estudio cualitativo, con la participación de pacientes en tratamiento post radioterapia para cáncer de cuello uterino en una consulta externa de enfermería oncoginecológica, ubicada en el Municipio de Río de Janeiro - Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados durante los meses de marzo y abril de 2019 a través de una entrevista abierta y fueron sometidos a un análisis de contenido. Resultados: se definieron cuatro categorías: la construcción de los roles sociales: la pérdida de la identidad femenina; la sexualidad de las mujeres después del tratamiento del cáncer de cuello uterino: las repercusiones conyugales; las dificultades de adaptación a la nueva condición de vida: la reconstrucción de la imagen corporal; la convivencia con el cáncer de cuello uterino: el replanteamiento de la vida y la reconstrucción de los valores a través de la red de apoyo. Consideraciones finales: los resultados contribuyen a la orientación de los cuidados, aumentando la calidad de vida y ayudando a la reorganización de la vida profesional, social y familiar de estas mujeres.

Nursing workload in oncological intensive care in the COVID-19 pandemic: retrospective cohort / Carga de trabajo de enfermería en terapia intensiva oncológica en la pandemia de COVID-19: cohorte retrospectiva / Carga de trabalho da enfermagem de terapia intensiva oncológica na pandemia da COVID-19: coorte retrospectiva

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the nursing workload in an oncology intensive care unit according to the condition of COVID-19 infection. Method: A retrospective cohort study. The Nursing Activities Score was used to measure the workload and document analysis for data extraction. The medical records were divided into a group of patients with COVID-19 and another group of patients without the infection. Results: The values of the Nursing Activities Score were not different depending on the sociodemographic variables, but the average of this score was statistically different depending on whether the patient had the diagnosis of COVID-19 or not, being higher in those who had the disease. Conclusion: It was proved that the nursing workload is high in the context of the oncology intensive care unit. However, COVID-19 increased this score even more, with the Nursing Activities Score being an important tool to size the team in this context.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comparar la carga de trabajo de enfermería en una unidad de cuidados intensivos oncológicos según el estado de infección por COVID-19. Método: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. El Nursing Activities Score se utilizó para medir la carga de trabajo y el análisis de documentos para la extracción de datos. Las historias clínicas se dividieron en pacientes con COVID-19 y pacientes sin la infección. Resultados: Los valores del Nursing Activities Score no fueron diferentes en función de las variables sociodemográficas, pero el promedio de este puntaje fue estadísticamente diferente en función de si el paciente tenía COVID-19 o no, siendo mayor en aquellos que lo tenían. Conclusión: Se comprobó que la carga de trabajo de enfermería es elevada en la unidad de terapia intensiva oncológica. Sin embargo, el COVID-19 aumentó aún más este puntaje, siendo el Nursing Activities Score una herramienta importante para dimensionar el equipo en este contexto.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a carga de trabalho da enfermagem em unidade de terapia intensiva oncológica, de acordo com a condição de infecção por COVID-19. Método: Estudo do tipo coorte retrospectiva. Utilizaram-se do Nursing Activies Score para mensuração da carga de trabalho e da análise documental para extração dos dados. Os prontuários foram divididos em um grupo de pacientes com COVID-19 e outro grupo de pacientes sem a infecção. Resultados: Os valores do Nursing Activies Score não foram diferentes, conforme as variáveis sociodemográficas, porém a média deste escore foi estatisticamente diferente a depender de o paciente apresentar ou não o diagnóstico de COVID-19, sendo superior naqueles que possuíam a doença. Conclusão: Comprovou-se que a carga de trabalho da enfermagem foi alta no contexto da unidade de terapia intensiva oncológica. No entanto, a COVID-19 aumentou ainda mais este escore, sendo o Nursing Activies Score importante ferramenta para dimensionar a equipe nesse contexto.

Identification of the iduronate-2-sulfatase proteome in wild-type mouse brain.

Iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) is a lysosomal enzyme involved in the metabolism of the glycosaminoglycans heparan (HS) and dermatan (DS) sulfate. Mutations on IDS gene produce mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II), characterized by the lysosomal accumulation of HS and DS, leading to severe damage of the central nervous system (CNS) and other tissues. In this study, we used a neurochemistry and proteomic approaches to identify the brain distribution of IDS and its interacting proteins on wild-type mouse brain. IDS immunoreactivity showed a robust staining throughout the entire brain, suggesting an intracellular reactivity in nerve cells and astrocytes. By using affinity purification and mass spectrometry we identified 187 putative IDS partners-proteins, mainly hydrolases, cytoskeletal proteins, transporters, transferases, oxidoreductases, nucleic acid binding proteins, membrane traffic proteins, chaperons and enzyme modulators, among others. The interactions with some of these proteins were predicted by using bioinformatics tools and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation analysis and Blue Native PAGE. In addition, we identified cytosolic IDS-complexes containing proteins from predicted highly connected nodes (hubs), with molecular functions including catalytic activity, redox balance, binding, transport, receptor activity and structural molecule activity. The proteins identified in this study would provide new insights about IDS physiological role into the CNS and its potential role in the brain-specific protein networks.

Assistência de enfermagem ao usuário com carcinoma espinocelular / Nursing care for the user with spinocellular carcinoma

Objetivo: relatar a experiência da aplicação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) em uma visita domiciliar. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo estudo de caso. Aplicou-se, a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem a um paciente com carcinoma espinocelular, vivenciada em uma visita domiciliar aos pacientes, seguindo as etapas de anamnese e exame físico, problemas de Enfermagem, diagnósticos de Enfermagem, resultados esperados, intervenção e prescrição. Resultados: realizou-se o estudo em seis momentos, e, na visita domiciliar, foi realizada a coleta de dados de forma integral do usuário como, antecedentes mórbidos familiares, antecedentes mórbidos pessoais, hábitos de vida, queixas, funções fisiológicas de eliminação, exame físico e a conduta de enfermagem para o levantamento dos problemas e o estabelecimento do plano terapêutico Conclusão: ressaltou-se a importância da visita domiciliar para o reconhecimento de problemas inerentes ao território e a importância da assistência de Enfermagem na Atenção Primária à saúde.(AU)

Objective: to report the experience of applying Nursing Care Systematization (NCS) in a home visit. Method: This is a descriptive case study. The Nursing Care Systematization was applied to a patient with squamous cell carcinoma, experienced in a home visit to the patients, following the steps of anamnesis and physical examination, nursing problems, nursing diagnoses, expected results, intervention and prescription. Results: the study was conducted in six moments. It is reported that, during the home visit, data were collected from the user, such as family morbid history, personal morbid history, lifestyle, complaints, physiological functions of elimination, physical examination and nursing conduct for the survey of problems and the establishment of the therapeutic plan. Conclusion: the importance of home visiting for the recognition of problems inherent to the territory and the importance of nursing care in Primary Health Care were emphasized.(AU)

Objetivo: informar la experiencia de la aplicación de la Sistematización del Cuidado de Enfermería (SAE) en una visita domiciliaria. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, tipo estudio de caso. La Sistematización del cuidado de enfermería se aplicó a un paciente con carcinoma de células escamosas, experimentado durante una visita domiciliaria a los pacientes, siguiendo los pasos de la anamnesis y el examen físico, problemas de enfermería, diagnósticos de enfermería, resultados esperados, intervención y prescripción. Resultados: el estudio se realizó en seis momentos y se informa que, durante la visita domiciliaria, se recopilaron datos del usuario, como antecedentes familiares de morbosidad, antecedentes personales de morbosidad, estilo de vida, quejas, funciones fisiológicas de eliminación, examen físico y conducta de enfermería para la encuesta de problemas y el establecimiento del plan terapéutico. Conclusión: se enfatizó la importancia de las visitas domiciliarias para el reconocimiento de problemas inherentes al territorio y la importancia de la atención de enfermería en Atención Primaria a la Salud.(AU)

Production and characterization of a human lysosomal recombinant iduronate-2-sulfatase produced in Pichia pastoris.

Hunter syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis II, MPS II) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease produced by the deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS). Currently, MPS II patients are mainly treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) using recombinant enzymes produced in mammalian cells. As an alternative, several studies have shown the production of active and therapeutic forms of lysosomal proteins in microorganisms. In this paper, we report the production and characterization of a recombinant IDS produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris (prIDS). We evaluated the effect of culture conditions and gene sequence optimization on prIDS production. The results showed that the highest production of prIDS was obtained at oxygen-limited conditions using a codon-optimized IDS cDNA. The purified enzyme showed a final activity of 12.45 nmol mg-1 H-1 and an apparent molecular mass of about 90 kDa. The highest stability was achieved at pH 6.0, and prIDS also showed high stability in human serum. Noteworthy, the enzyme was taken up by culture cells in a dose-dependent manner through mannose receptors, which allowed the delivery of the enzyme to the lysosome. In summary, these results show the potential of Pichia pastoris as a host to produce an IDS intended for a MPS II ERT.

Acolhimento a demanda espontânea nas perspectivas dos profissionais e usuários da atenção básica à saúde / Welcoming spontaneous demand in the perspectives of professionals and users of basic health care

Descrever o acolhimento à demanda espontânea, em unidades de Atenção Básica em Saúde - APS, na perspectiva dos profissionais de saúde e dos usuários. Métodos: estudo descritivo com dados de 56 municípios da Regional de Atenção à Saúde XIII do estado de São Paulo, que participaram da avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica, em 2012. Foram analisadas 12 variáveis relacionadas aos profissionais e 11 aos usuários. Resultados: Segundo os profissionais, o acolhimento estava implantado em 96,7% das unidades, atendendo 98,9% das necessidades dos usuários, com tempo de espera para atendimento de até 15 minutos (89,5%), sendo os enfermeiros, agentes comunitários e médicos os mais envolvidos. Dois terços dos usuários afirmaram que suas necessidades foram atendidas, esperavam até uma hora para serem acolhidos (62%), elegendo médicos e vigilantes como os que mais acolhiam. Conclusão: Pôde-se perceber que há encontros nas perspectivas dos participantes do estudo relacionados à existência de acolhimento nas unidades de APS e à qualidade da atenção prestada e, em contrapartida, divergências de visões, principalmente, referentes ao conceito de acolhimento e aos operadores desta estratégia de saúde.

To describe the reception of spontaneous demand, in units of Basic Health Care - BHC, from the perspective of health professionals and users. METHODS: a descriptive study with data from 56 municipalities of the Region of Health Care XIII of the state of São Paulo, which participated in the external evaluation of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality of Basic Care in 2012. Twelve variables related to professionals and 11 users. Results: According to the professionals, the hospital was implanted in 96.7% of the units, meeting 98.9% of the users' needs, with a waiting time of up to 15 minutes (89.5%). community members and physicians. Two-thirds of users stated that their needs were met, waited up to one hour to be welcomed (62%), electing doctors and vigilantes as the most welcoming. Conclusion: It was possible to perceive that there are meetings in the perspectives of the participants of the study related to the existence of reception in the units of PHC and the quality of the attention given and, on the other hand, divergences of visions, mainly, referring to the concept of reception and to the operators of this one health strategy.

Human recombinant lysosomal enzymes produced in microorganisms.

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are caused by accumulation of partially degraded substrates within the lysosome, as a result of a function loss of a lysosomal protein. Recombinant lysosomal proteins are usually produced in mammalian cells, based on their capacity to carry out post-translational modifications similar to those observed in human native proteins. However, during the last years, a growing number of studies have shown the possibility to produce active forms of lysosomal proteins in other expression systems, such as plants and microorganisms. In this paper, we review the production and characterization of human lysosomal proteins, deficient in several LSDs, which have been produced in microorganisms. For this purpose, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, Yarrowia lipolytica, and Ogataea minuta have been used as expression systems. The recombinant lysosomal proteins expressed in these hosts have shown similar substrate specificities, and temperature and pH stability profiles to those produced in mammalian cells. In addition, pre-clinical results have shown that recombinant lysosomal enzymes produced in microorganisms can be taken-up by cells and reduce the substrate accumulated within the lysosome. Recently, metabolic engineering in yeasts has allowed the production of lysosomal enzymes with tailored N-glycosylations, while progresses in E. coli N-glycosylations offer a potential platform to improve the production of these recombinant lysosomal enzymes. In summary, microorganisms represent convenient platform for the production of recombinant lysosomal proteins for biochemical and physicochemical characterization, as well as for the development of ERT for LSD.