Adsorption of amoxicillin by chitosan and alginate biopolymers composite beads.

Due to its widespread use and incomplete breakdown in the human body, amoxicillin has been detected in receiving water bodies. This raises significant concerns, like the promotion of antibiotic resistance, toxicity towards aquatic life, disruption of the natural balance of microbial communities within these water bodies, and the struggle of effectively removal by the traditional wastewater treatment plants. Consequently, exploring new processes to complement the existing methods is crucial. Adsorption, a promising highly efficient, selective, and versatile technique, can effectively remove contaminants, making it useful in various industries such as water treatment, pharmaceuticals, and environmental remediation. Several adsorbents are documented in the literature for drug adsorption; however, their fabrication often involves more complex steps and substances compared to chitosan and alginate, which are natural polymers that are biocompatible, non-toxic, and biodegradable. Their tunable properties and ease of modification enhance their efficacy in environmental remediation. Therefore, the novelty of this article is to understand the interaction of amoxicillin with chitosan and alginate adsorbents easily synthetized using the dripping technique. This approach allows us to explore basic principles that can be applied to more complex systems in future studies. The optimal pH for both beads was found to be 4, with adsorption capacities of 74.2 ± 0.3 mg g-1 for alginate and 80.4 ± 0.2 mg g-1 for chitosan, using 1 g of adsorbent. Kinetics studies indicated that external diffusion governs adsorption for alginate, while internal diffusion governs adsorption for chitosan. This approach underscores the potential of chitosan and alginate beads as effective adsorbents for mitigating antibiotic contamination in water systems, offering a sustainable complement to traditional treatment methods.

Caracterização epidemiológica de violência sexual no sudeste da região norte do brasil / Epidemiological characterization of sexual violence in southeast of northern Brazil / Caracterización epidemiológica de la violencia sexual en el sureste del norte de Brasil

Introdução: A violência sexual é qualquer ato físico, coercivo, de intimidação com potencial psicológico contra outra pessoa, ocorrendo, especialmente,no sexo feminino, em qualquer faixa etária.Objetivo: Apresentar uma caracterização epidemiológica dos casos de violência sexual referente ao número de casos, faixa etária e gênero entre período de 2014 a 2019 no município de Tucuruí-Pará.Métodos:Trata-se de um estudo de caráter descritivo, comparativo e retrospectivo de corte transversal. A coleta dos dados foi realizada através de notificações em protocolos dos órgãos do governo estadual e do governo municipal, na cidade de Tucuruí-Pará.Para análise dos dados, foram utilizados o teste Exato de Fisher e teste de Mann Whitney.Resultados:A instituição com maior número de notificações foi pelo instrumento Estadual, com 771 casos notificados durante o período de 2014 a 2019, (∆%=631%; p<0,001) em relação ao instrumento municipal, que apresentou o total de 140 casos notificados. Quanto a diferença de gênero, as mulheres são as mais atingidas por este tipo de violência em ambos os órgãos analisados, assim como, com respeito a faixa etária mais acometida, a infância, adolescência e adultos jovens são os que mais sofrem com o problema da violência sexual, de acordo com os dados de ambos os órgãos.Conclusão: O perfil da violência sexual no município de Tucuruí é predominante entre mulheres, da faixa etária que vai desde a infância até a fase adulta. Os dados utilizados das duas instituições durante o período de estudo apresentaram diferenças estatísticas, sendo o instrumento de notificações Estadual o órgão com maior número de notificações em todas as comparações realizadas (AU).

Introduction: Sexual violence is any physical, coercive act of intimidation with psychological potential against another person, occurring especially among females, in any age group.Objective: Present an epidemiological characterization of cases of sexual violence regarding the number of cases, age group and gender between 2014 and 2019 in the municipality of Tucuruí-Pará.Methods: This is a descriptive, comparative and retrospective cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out through notifications in protocols of state and municipal government agencies, in the city of Tucuruí-Pará.For data analysis, Fisher's exact test and Mann Whitney test were used.Results: The institution with the highest number of notifications was by the State instrument, with 771 cases notified during the period 2014 to 2019, (∆%=631%; p<0.001) compared to the municipal instrument, which presented a total of 140 cases notified. As for the gender difference, women are the most affected by this type of violence in both bodies analyzed, as well as, with respect to the most affected age group, childhood, adolescence and young adults are the ones who suffer most from the problem of sexual violence, according to data from both bodies. Conclusion: The profile of sexual violence in the city of Tucuruíis predominant among women, in the age group that goes from childhood to adulthood. The data used from the two institutions during the study period showed statistical differences, with the State notification instrument being the body with the highest number of notifications in all comparisons performed (AU).

Introducción: La violencia sexual es cualquier acto físico y coercitivo de intimidación con potencial psicológico contra otra persona,que ocurre especialmente entre mujeres, en cualquier grupo de edad.Objetivo:Presentar una caracterización epidemiológica de los casos de violencia sexual en cuanto al número de casos, grupo etario y género entre 2014 y 2019 en el municipio de Tucuruí-Pará. Métodos:Se trata de un estudio transversal descriptivo, comparativo y retrospectivo. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de notificaciones en protocolos de organismos gubernamentales estatales y municipales, en la ciudad de Tucuruí-Pará. Parael análisis de los datos se utilizó la prueba exacta de Fisher y la prueba de Mann Whitney. Resultados:La institución con mayor número de notificaciones fue por el instrumento Estatal, con 771 casos notificados durante el período 2014 a 2019, (∆%=631%; p<0,001) frente al instrumento municipal, que presentó un total de 140 casos notificados. En cuanto a la diferencia de género, las mujeres son las más afectadas por este tipo de violencia en ambos cuerpos analizados, así como, respecto al grupo de edad más afectado, la infancia, la adolescencia y los adultos jóvenes son quienes más sufren el problema de la violencia sexual, según datos de ambos organismos. Conclusión:El perfil de violencia sexual en la ciudad de Tucuruí es predominante entre las mujeres, enel grupo etario que va desde la niñez hasta la edad adulta. Los datos utilizados de las dos instituciones durante el período de estudio mostraron diferencias estadísticas, siendo el instrumento de notificación del Estado el organismo con mayor número de notificaciones en todas las comparaciones realizadas (AU).

Self-Esteem and Body Image in Older Women Practicing Taekwondo with Low Bone Density: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Physical exercise can take on a multivariate form, including combat sports, specifically Taekwondo, a Korean sport characterized by strikes involving the hands and feet. This sport has been gaining popularity worldwide in recent years and is being practiced by diverse populations, including the older women. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Taekwondo training on self-esteem and body image in older women with low bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS: This is an experimental research with a two-group design, where assessments were conducted pre- and post during a 12-week intervention period. The sample consisted of 27 inexperienced older women in taekwondo practice, aged between 60 and 70 years, randomly distributed into the experimental group (n=14) and Control Group (n=13). BMD, self-esteem, and body image were assessed. For the evaluation of self-esteem, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was utilized. For the evaluation of body images, the body image questionnaire was administered. RESULTS: The results showed that the practice of taekwondo improved (p<0.001) body image in the variables, including physical condition, body skills, and health, while the variable appearance showed no difference (p=0.581). CONCLUSION: The results of this experimental study indicate an improvement in the self-esteem and body image of older individuals practicing Taekwondo.

Live Microscopy of Multicellular Spheroids with the Multimodal Near-Infrared Nanoparticles Reveals Differences in Oxygenation Gradients.

Assessment of hypoxia, nutrients, metabolite gradients, and other hallmarks of the tumor microenvironment within 3D multicellular spheroid and organoid models represents a challenging analytical task. Here, we report red/near-infrared (NIR) emitting cell staining with O2-sensitive nanoparticles, which enable measurements of spheroid oxygenation on a conventional fluorescence microscope. Nanosensor probes, termed "MMIR" (multimodal infrared), incorporate an NIR O2-sensitive metalloporphyrin (PtTPTBPF) and deep red aza-BODIPY reference dyes within a biocompatible polymer shell, allowing for oxygen gradient quantification via fluorescence ratio and phosphorescence lifetime readouts. We optimized staining techniques and evaluated the nanosensor probe characteristics and cytotoxicity. Subsequently, we applied nanosensors to the live spheroid models based on HCT116, DPSCs, and SKOV3 cells, at rest, and treated with drugs affecting cell respiration. We found that the growth medium viscosity, spheroid size, and formation method influenced spheroid oxygenation. Some spheroids produced from HCT116 and dental pulp stem cells exhibited "inverted" oxygenation gradients, with higher core oxygen levels than the periphery. This contrasted with the frequently encountered "normal" gradient of hypoxia toward the core caused by diffusion. Further microscopy analysis of spheroids with an "inverted" gradient demonstrated metabolic stratification of cells within spheroids: thus, autofluorescence FLIM of NAD(P)H indicated the formation of a glycolytic core and localization of OxPhos-active cells at the periphery. Collectively, we demonstrate a strong potential of NIR-emitting ratiometric nanosensors for advanced microscopy studies targeting live and quantitative real-time monitoring of cell metabolism and hypoxia in complex 3D tissue models.

Identification and validation of extracellular vesicle reference genes for the normalization of RT-qPCR data.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain a plethora of biomolecules, including nucleic acids, with diverse diagnostic and therapeutic application potential. Although reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is the most widely applied laboratory technique to evaluate gene expression, its applicability in EV research is challenged by the lack of universal and stably present reference genes (RGs). In this study, we identify, validate and establish SNRPG, OST4, TOMM7 and NOP10 as RGs for the normalization of EV-associated genes by RT-qPCR. We show the stable presence of SNRPG, OST4, TOMM7 and NOP10 in multiple cell lines and their secreted EVs (n = 12) under different (patho)physiological conditions as well as in human-derived biofluids (n = 3). Enzymatic treatments confirm the presence of SNRPG, OST4, TOMM7 and NOP10 inside EVs. In addition, the four EV-associated RGs are stably detected in a size-range of EV subpopulations. RefFinder analysis reveals that SNRPG, OST4, TOMM7 and NOP10 are more stable compared to RGs established specifically for cultured cells or tissues such as HMBS, YWHAZ, SDHA and GAPDH. In summary, we present four universal and stably present EV-associated RGs to enable normalization and thus steer the implementation of RT-qPCR for the analysis of EV-associated RNA cargo for research or clinical applications.

Combat sport in the body composition of the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze possible changes in body composition in elderly individuals with combat sports as an intervention. METHODS: This study is characterized as a systematic review and meta-analysis. The PRISMA criteria were followed, and the study was registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42023392613. The databases used were MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Science Direct. The risk of bias and methodological quality were assessed using Robins-I, Cochrane, and Testex tools. RESULTS: Of the 126 publications found, 9 studies were included (5 controlled and randomized studies and 4 intervention studies). Of these studies, 6 provided data for the meta-analysis. A total of 126 publications were found and, the studies included in this systematic review had an average of 51 weeks, 3 times a week, and 50 min per session. In the results presented by the meta-analysis the variable body fat showed a reduction (SMD: -0.11; 95% CI: -0.99 to 0.09; p = 0.02; I2 = 0%). CONCLUSION: Combat sports showed an improvement in the body composition of the elderly, with a reduction in the percentage of body fat.

Neonpass room: a digital interaction tool between patient, care and hospital governance areas / Neonpass room: una herramienta de interacción digital entre áreas de paciente, atención y gobernanza hospitalaria / Neonpass room: uma ferramenta de interação digital entre paciente, áreas assistenciais e de governança hospitalar

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the process of implementing a digital solution for interaction between patients, care and hospital governance areas. Method: this is an experience report on the implementation which took place between the months of August and November in a large private hospital located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, conducted in two stages: 1) implementation in August 2022; and 2) follow-up lasting 13 weeks, until November 2022. Results: the solution consists of an application developed by a Brazilian startup company which was installed on tablets allowing hospitalized patients to view and make requests for the most diverse areas of care. A total of 496 patients used the Neonpass Room, with their requests addressed directly to the areas of nursing, nutrition, hospitality, cleaning and maintenance. There was a predominance of requests for the nursing team (1029/33.3%), followed by nutrition (973/31.5%), hospitality (763/24.7%), cleaning (167/5.4%) and maintenance (157/5.1%). Conclusion: the Neonpass Room solution has been shown to improve the efficient distribution of requests to the appropriate areas. Unlike traditional call button systems, the digital tool directed demands to nursing and governance areas, with clear specifications.

RESUMEN Objetivo: informar el proceso de implementación de una solución digital para la interacción entre pacientes, áreas de atención y gobernanza hospitalaria. Método: se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre la implementación que tuvo lugar entre los meses de agosto y noviembre en un gran hospital privado, ubicado en la ciudad de São Paulo, realizada en dos etapas: 1) implementación, en agosto de 2022 y 2) seguimiento, con una duración de 13 semanas, hasta noviembre de 2022. Resultados: La solución consiste en una aplicación desarrollada por una startup brasileña, que se instaló en tabletas y permitió a los pacientes hospitalizados visualizar y realizar solicitudes para las más diversas áreas de atención. 496 pacientes utilizaron la Neonpass Room, con sus solicitudes dirigidas directamente a las áreas de enfermería, nutrición, hotelería, limpieza y mantenimiento. Hubo predominio de solicitudes para el equipo de enfermería (1.029/33,3%), seguido de nutrición (973/31,5%), hospitalidad (763/24,7%), limpieza (167/5,4%) y mantenimiento (157/5,1%). Conclusión: Se ha demostrado que la solución Neonpass Room mejora la distribución eficiente de las solicitudes a las áreas adecuadas. A diferencia de los timbres tradicionales, la herramienta digital dirigió las demandas a las áreas de enfermería y gobernanza, con especificaciones claras.

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar o processo de implantação de uma solução digital para interação entre paciente, áreas assistenciais e de governança hospitalar. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a implantação que ocorreu entre os meses de agosto e novembro em um hospital privado de grande porte, localizado na cidade de São Paulo, realizado em duas etapas: 1) implantação, em agosto de 2022 e 2) acompanhamento, durando 13 semanas, até novembro de 2022. Resultados: A solução consiste em um aplicativo desenvolvido por uma startup brasileira, que foi instalado em tablets permitindo que pacientes internados pudessem visualizar e realizar solicitações para as mais diversas áreas assistenciais. 496 pacientes fizeram o uso do Neonpass Room, tendo suas solicitações dirigidas diretamente às áreas de enfermagem, nutrição, hotelaria, limpeza e manutenção. Observou-se predomínio de solicitações para a equipe de enfermagem (1029/33,3%), seguida da nutrição (973/31,5%), hotelaria (763/24,7%), limpeza (167/5,4%) e manutenção (157/5,1%). Conclusão: a solução Neonpass Room demonstrou aprimorar a distribuição eficiente das solicitações para as áreas apropriadas. Ao contrário das campainhas tradicionais, a ferraenta digital direcionou as demandas para a enfermagem e áreas de governança, com especificações claras.

Caracterização epidemiológica dos casos de intoxicação exógena no estado do Pará entre 2012 e 2021 / Epidemiological characterization of exogenous poisoning cases in the state of Pará between 2012 and 2021

Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de intoxicação exógena no estado do Pará, entre 2012 e 2021. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, de caráter descritivo e delineamento transversal, realizado a partir da coleta de dados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Resultados: Nesse período, foram registrados 5.803 casos de intoxicação exógena no Pará. Houve predominância no sexo feminino (56,92%), faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos (39,10%) e cor/raça parda (74,93%). Sobressaíram-se as circunstâncias de tentativa de suicídio (32,62%)e uso acidental (24,47%), os agentes tóxicos medicamentos (25,52%) e agrotóxicos agrícolas (13,42%), casos de exposição aguda-única (58,94%), diagnóstico clínico (47,11%) como critério de confirmação e evolução para cura sem sequelas (65,88%). Ao relacionar circunstâncias com faixa etária e sexo, identificou-se número elevado de tentativas de suicídio entre jovens e adultos (n=1.633), principalmente mulheres (n=1.198), enquanto que no uso acidental, os principais acometidos foram as crianças (n=840), em especial, do sexo masculino (n=740). Conclusão: As intoxicações exógenas surgem como uma problemática de saúde no estado do Pará, apresentando características específicas, sendo necessária a promoção de ações de educação em saúde para servir de auxílio no alerta às crianças, jovens, famílias e à comunidade como um todo. Descritores: Epidemiologia; Sistemas de Informação em Saúde; Intoxicação

Objective: To characterize the epidemiological profile of exogenous poisoning cases in the state of Pará between 2012 and 2021. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, based on data collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System. Results: During this period, 5,803 cases of exogenous poisoning were recorded in Pará. There was a predominance of females (56.92%), aged between 20 and 39 (39.10%) and brown (74.93%). The circumstances that stood out were suicide attempts (32.62%) and accidental use (24.47%), the toxic agents drugs (25.52%) and agricultural pesticides (13.42%), cases of acute-single exposure (58.94%), clinical diagnosis (47.11%) as a confirmation criterion and progression to cure without sequelae (65.88%). When relating circumstances to age group and gender, a high number of suicide attempts were identified among young people and adults (n=1,633), mainly women (n=1,198), while in accidental use, the main victims were children (n=840), especially males (n=740). Conclusion: Exogenous poisoning has become a health problem in the state of Pará, with specific characteristics, and it is necessary to promote health education to help alert children, young people, families and the community as a whole. Descriptors: Epidemiology; Health Information Systems; Poisoning

Physical association of low density lipoprotein particles and extracellular vesicles unveiled by single particle analysis.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in blood plasma are recognized as potential biomarkers for disease. Although blood plasma is easily obtainable, analysis of EVs at the single particle level is still challenging due to the biological complexity of this body fluid. Besides EVs, plasma contains different types of lipoproteins particles (LPPs), that outnumber EVs by orders of magnitude and which partially overlap in biophysical properties such as size, density and molecular makeup. Consequently, during EV isolation LPPs are often co-isolated. Furthermore, physical EV-LPP complexes have been observed in purified EV preparations. Since co-isolation or association of LPPs can impact EV-based analysis and biomarker profiling, we investigated the presence and formation of EV-LPP complexes in biological samples by using label-free atomic force microscopy, cryo-electron tomography and synchronous Rayleigh and Raman scattering analysis of optically trapped particles and fluorescence-based high sensitivity single particle flow cytometry. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact on flow cytometric analysis in the presence of LPPs using in vitro spike-in experiments of purified tumour cell line-derived EVs in different classes of purified human LPPs. Based on orthogonal single-particle analysis techniques we demonstrate that EV-LPP complexes can form under physiological conditions. Furthermore, we show that in fluorescence-based flow cytometric EV analysis staining of LPPs, as well as EV-LPP associations, can influence quantitative and qualitative EV analysis. Lastly, we demonstrate that the colloidal matrix of the biofluid in which EVs reside impacts their buoyant density, size and/or refractive index (RI), which may have consequences for down-stream EV analysis and EV biomarker profiling.

Depletion of soluble cytokines unlocks the immunomodulatory bioactivity of extracellular vesicles.

Despite an enormous interest in understanding the bioactivity of extracellular vesicles (EV) in physiology and disease for the development of therapeutic applications, the impact of EV preparation methods remains minimally explored. In this study, we implemented density gradient ultracentrifugation combined with size-exclusion chromatography (DG-SEC), differential ultracentrifugation (dUC) and/or stand-alone SEC (sSEC) to fractionate media conditioned by different cancer cells and/or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). EV-enriched but protein-depleted versus EV-depleted but protein-enriched DG-SEC fractions, and EV-containing dUC and sSEC preparations were quality controlled for particle number, protein concentration, selected protein composition and ultrastructure, characterized for their cytokine content, and dose-dependently evaluated for monocyte-derived dendritic cell (MoDC) maturation by measuring surface marker expression and/or cytokine secretion. EV preparations obtained by DG-SEC from media conditioned by different cancer cell lines or CAF, were depleted from soluble immune suppressive cytokines such as VEGF-A and MCP-1 and potently stimulated MoDC maturation. In contrast, EV-containing dUC or sSEC preparations were not depleted from these soluble cytokines and were unable to mature MoDC. Subsequent processing of dUC EV preparations by SEC dose-dependently restored the immunomodulatory bioactivity. Overall, our results demonstrate that method-dependent off-target enrichment of soluble cytokines has implications for the study of EV immunomodulatory bioactivity and warrants careful consideration.

Caracterização epidemiológica de acidentes com animais peçonhentos entre 2012-2021: revisão sistemática / Epidemiological characterization of accidents with poisonous animals between 2012-2021: systematic review / Caracterización Epidemiológica de acidentes con animales venenosos entre 2012-2021: revisión sistemática

Acidentes por animais peçonhentos são considerados um problema cosmopolita de saúde pública.Poucos são os estudos de revisão acerca da temática encontrados na literatura. Objetivo:definir os principaisaspectos epidemiológicos envolvidos nos acidentes com animais peçonhentos no período 2012-2021.Metodologia:Revisão sistemática, com base no protocolo PRISMA, incluindoartigos publicados entre 2012 e 2021, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, a partir da busca nas bases de dados PUBMED, SCIELO, LILACS e Portal de Periódicos CAPES, utilizando a combinação dos descritores "Venoms" AND "Accidents" AND/OR "Epidemiological".Resultados:Foram encontrados 729 artigos, dos quais 17 foram selecionados para comporem esta revisão. A maioria(64,7%)dos artigos utilizaram o Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação como fonte de dados, 76,4% evidenciaram o sexo masculino como o principal acometido, 64,7% apontaram a zona rural como principal área de ocorrência e faixa etária de 21-30 anos representou 47,05% dos artigos. Acidentes ofídicos demonstraram maior prevalência(47,05%), seguidos pelos escorpiônicos(23,5%). Os membros inferiores foram os mais acometidos(76,4%). Destacou-se tempo de atendimento de uma até 6 hora. Prevaleceram acidentes leves(82,3%), com bons índices de cura e poucos óbitos quanto comparado com o número total de casos. A soroterapia foi trabalhada em 11(64,7%)estudos, sendo utilizada principalmente em acidentes com serpentes. Dor e edema foram as principais manifestações locais, alterações vagais foram as principais manifestações sistêmicas e necrose, alterações do sistema circulatório e renal foram as principais complicações apontadas.Conclusões:Os achados possibilitaram melhor visualização e entendimento da problemática, reforçando a importância do desenvolvimento de ações interventivas que venham a melhorar os sistemas de saúde locais, colaborando na identificação de falhas e melhorias no atendimento imediato e preventivo em saúde (AU).

manifestations, vagal changes the main systemic manifestations, and necrosis, circulatory and renal system alterations the most important complications reported.Conclusions: The findings allow better visualization and understanding of the problem, reinforcing the importance of intervention to improve local health systems, thereby helping identify the shortcomings and improvements in prompt and preventive treatment (AU).

Los accidentes con animales ponzoñosos constituyen un problema de salud pública cosmopolita. Pocos estudios han realizado una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema.Objetivo: Determinar los principales aspectos epidemiológicos involucrados en los accidentes con animales ponzoñosos entre 2012 y 2021. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión sistemática, basada en el protocolo PRISMA, que incluye artículos publicados entre 2012 y 2021, en inglés, español y portugués, mediante búsquedas en las bases de datos PUBMED , SCIELO, LILACS y CAPES, y una combinación de los descriptores "Venenos" Y "Accidentes" Y/O "Epidemiológico". Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 729 artículos, de los cuales 17 fueron seleccionados para la revisión. La mayoría (64,7%) de los artículos utilizaron el Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria como fuente de datos, el 76,4% encontró que el sexo masculino fue el más afectado, el 64,7% se presentó en la zona rural y el grupo etario de 21 a 30 años representó el 47,05% de las publicaciones. Las mordeduras de serpientes fueron las más prevalentes (47,05%), seguidas de las picaduras de escorpión (23,5%), y los miembros inferiores fueron los más afectados (76,4%). El tiempo de tratamiento fue de hasta 6 horas. Las mordeduras leves fueron las más comunes (82,3%), con buenas tasas de curación y pocas muertes en comparación con el número de casos. La seroterapia se aplicó en 11 (64,7%) estudios, principalmente en mordeduras de serpientes. El dolor y la tumefacción fueron las principales manifestaciones locales, los cambios vágales las principales manifestaciones sistémicas y la necrosis, las alteraciones del sistema circulatorio y renal las complicaciones más importantes reportadas.Conclusiones: Los resultados permiten una mejor visualización y comprensión del problema, reforzando la importancia de la intervención para mejorar los sistemas locales de salud, ayudando así a identificar las falencias y mejoras en el tratamiento oportuno y preventivo (AU).

Integrating automated liquid handling in the separation workflow of extracellular vesicles enhances specificity and reproducibility.

BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EV) are extensively studied in human body fluids as potential biomarkers for numerous diseases. Major impediments of EV-based biomarker discovery include the specificity and reproducibility of EV sample preparation as well as intensive manual labor. We present an automated liquid handling workstation for the density-based separation of EV from human body fluids and compare its performance to manual handling by (in)experienced researchers. RESULTS: Automated versus manual density-based separation of trackable recombinant extracellular vesicles (rEV) spiked in PBS significantly reduces variability in rEV recovery as quantified by fluorescent nanoparticle tracking analysis and ELISA. To validate automated density-based EV separation from complex body fluids, including blood plasma and urine, we assess reproducibility, recovery, and specificity by mass spectrometry-based proteomics and transmission electron microscopy. Method reproducibility is the highest in the automated procedure independent of the matrix used. While retaining (in urine) or enhancing (in plasma) EV recovery compared to manual liquid handling, automation significantly reduces the presence of body fluid specific abundant proteins in EV preparations, including apolipoproteins in plasma and Tamm-Horsfall protein in urine. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, automated liquid handling ensures cost-effective EV separation from human body fluids with high reproducibility, specificity, and reduced hands-on time with the potential to enable larger-scale biomarker studies.

Benchmarking blood collection tubes and processing intervals for extracellular vesicle performance metrics.

The analysis of extracellular vesicles (EV) in blood samples is under intense investigation and holds the potential to deliver clinically meaningful biomarkers for health and disease. Technical variation must be minimized to confidently assess EV-associated biomarkers, but the impact of pre-analytics on EV characteristics in blood samples remains minimally explored. We present the results from the first large-scale EV Blood Benchmarking (EVBB) study in which we systematically compared 11 blood collection tubes (BCT; six preservation and five non-preservation) and three blood processing intervals (BPI; 1, 8 and 72 h) on defined performance metrics (n = 9). The EVBB study identifies a significant impact of multiple BCT and BPI on a diverse set of metrics reflecting blood sample quality, ex-vivo generation of blood-cell derived EV, EV recovery and EV-associated molecular signatures. The results assist the informed selection of the optimal BCT and BPI for EV analysis. The proposed metrics serve as a framework to guide future research on pre-analytics and further support methodological standardization of EV studies.

Effects of Multicomponent Exercise Training on the Health of Older Women with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study aimed to analyze the effects of multicomponent exercise training in older women with osteoporosis. We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (number CRD42022331137). We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and CINHAL databases for randomized experimental trials that analyzed the effects of physical exercise on health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis. The risk of bias in the studies was verified using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Jadad scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 544 participants in the experimental group and 495 in the control group. The mean age of all participants was 68.4 years. The studies combined two to four different exercise types, including strength, aerobic, balance, flexibility, and/or functional fitness training. The practice of multicomponent training with an average of 27.2 weeks, 2.6 sessions per week, and 45 min per session showed improvements in strength, flexibility, quality of life, bone mineral density, balance, and functional fitness and reduced the risk of falls in older women with osteoporosis. Multicomponent training was shown to be effective in improving health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis.

Development of adsorbent rigid structure based on Spirulina sp./chitosan bioblends coatings for dye adsorption in fixed bed column.

The glass particles were coated with Spirulina sp. LEB-18 and bioblends of Spirulina sp. LEB-18/chitosan by casting technique and, afterward, it was verified its potential as adsorbents for basic and acid dyes. Nine Spirulina sp. suspensions with different components were used to coat the glass particles, and in the best condition of coating were prepared the bioblends with chitosan. The coated glass particles with Spirulina sp. and its bioblends with chitosan were applied in adsorption of the allura red (acid) and methylene blue (basic) dyes in a batch operation evaluate the pH effect, and a fixed bed column operation, being evaluated to the removal percentage and adsorption capacity of the column. The glass particles coated with Spirulina sp. applied in batch adsorption showed the highest removal percentages for allura red dye (35 to 45%) at pH 4.0, and for methylene blue dye (35 to 80%) at pH 6.0 and 8.0. In fixed bed column using glass particles coated with bioblends were reached the amount dye of 54.2 mg of adsorbed allura red dye and 60.2 mg of the of adsorbed methylene blue dye, respectively. Moreover, it was found good dye adsorption capacities, around 89 mg g-1, for both dyes, in acidic and basic pH values. Based on these results, these bioblends coated glass particles can be applied as an adsorbent for different types of dyes in adsorption column.

MISpheroID: a knowledgebase and transparency tool for minimum information in spheroid identity.

Spheroids are three-dimensional cellular models with widespread basic and translational application across academia and industry. However, methodological transparency and guidelines for spheroid research have not yet been established. The MISpheroID Consortium developed a crowdsourcing knowledgebase that assembles the experimental parameters of 3,058 published spheroid-related experiments. Interrogation of this knowledgebase identified heterogeneity in the methodological setup of spheroids. Empirical evaluation and interlaboratory validation of selected variations in spheroid methodology revealed diverse impacts on spheroid metrics. To facilitate interpretation, stimulate transparency and increase awareness, the Consortium defines the MISpheroID string, a minimum set of experimental parameters required to report spheroid research. Thus, MISpheroID combines a valuable resource and a tool for three-dimensional cellular models to mine experimental parameters and to improve reproducibility.

Robust sequential biophysical fractionation of blood plasma to study variations in the biomolecular landscape of systemically circulating extracellular vesicles across clinical conditions.

Separating extracellular vesicles (EV) from blood plasma is challenging and complicates their biological understanding and biomarker development. In this study, we fractionate blood plasma by combining size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and OptiPrep density gradient centrifugation to study clinical context-dependent and time-dependent variations in the biomolecular landscape of systemically circulating EV. Using pooled blood plasma samples from breast cancer patients, we first demonstrate the technical repeatability of blood plasma fractionation. Using serial blood plasma samples from HIV and ovarian cancer patients (n = 10) we next show that EV carry a clinical context-dependent and/or time-dependent protein and small RNA composition, including miRNA and tRNA. In addition, differential analysis of blood plasma fractions provides a catalogue of putative proteins not associated with systemically circulating EV. In conclusion, the implementation of blood plasma fractionation allows to advance the biological understanding and biomarker development of systemically circulating EV.

Does Physical Activity Improve Cognition and Academic Performance in Children? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

INTRODUCTION: In the last decades, different studies have investigated the effects of exercise or physical activity (PA) on cognitive functions and academic performance in children and adolescents. But given the inconsistencies regarding methodologies and the fact that many studies do not have controlled or randomized designs, a more recent review is needed in order to summarize the different outcomes and methodologies employed and correlate them from an applied perspective. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present review is to systematically review and analyze the effects of acute and chronic PA interventions exclusively from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on cognitive functions and academic performance of children and adolescents. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases for all RCTs published between January 2014 and July 2020. Authors searched these databases using controlled vocabularies, keywords, and Boolean logic, and data were later extracted from the studies. Effect sizes were calculated based on means and SDs at posttest using Hedge's g formula. RESULTS: A total of 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. They were assessed for eligibility and later included in the review. Although most of the articles did not show any robust effect size and had significant methodological differences, 80% of the studies analyzed showed positive results, indicating a significant impact of exercise or PA on cognition. DISCUSSION: Due to the heterogeneity in the design of the interventions and the variables analyzed, most of the studies showed small or medium effect sizes. Studies with big effect size in all variables had in common the fact that they involved team game variations and coordination activities. The combination of physical exertion (high intensity) and cognitive engagement with social interactions seems to have the strongest effect on executive functions. This ecological and attractive model reflects children's typical PA and might represent an ideal model for exercise in this population. CONCLUSIONS: Although grouping different studies based on PA type, control groups, and comparison treatments is a limitation and results should be interpreted with caution, this review suggests that PA interventions, in particular, team game variations and coordination activities, have positive effects on children's cognitive functions.

Anthocyanins concentration by adsorption onto chitosan and alginate beads: Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics parameters.

The anthocyanins health benefits are diverse, but numerous factors affect the anthocyanins stability, thus, this work aimed to extract anthocyanins from Pinot Noir grape skins and, afterward, to concentrate them onto edible and safety adsorbents, chitosan and alginate beads, by adsorption operation. Chitosan was obtained from shrimp waste, and alginate was purchased. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as pH function, and the highest adsorption capacities and removal percentages were, respectively, 216 mg g-1 and 65% for chitosan beads at pH 8, and 126.4 mg g-1 and 38% for alginate beads at pH 4. All equilibrium isotherms models were suitable for chitosan beads, while for alginate beads only Langmuir and Freundlich models showed fitting. The thermodynamic parameters demonstrated physical adsorption and endothermic behavior for the chitosan and alginate beads. The pseudo-first order model best described the kinetic behavior for both beads. It was demonstrated that is possible to concentrate the different molecular structures of anthocyanins onto chitosan and alginate beads with high yields.

Fórum de luta marajoara: a carta de Belém / Marajoara Wrestling Forum: the letter of Belém / Foro de lucha marajoara: la carta de Belém

Introdução: o progresso ocorrido nas últimas décadas em termos de práticas esportivas tem sido imenso, em especial em algumas modalidades esportivas de combate. Frente a este contexto é possível situar a Luta Marajoara (LM), modalidade ainda pouco conhecida no mundo acadêmico. Objetivo: descrever as principais discussões e encaminhamentos envolvendo a LM, oriundos dos debates do I Fórum Paraense de Luta Marajoara. Método: o relato tem um caráter exploratório e descritivo, configurando-se como um estudo qualitativo, pois busca identificar questões significativas do universo da modalidade para apontar futuros encaminhamentos. Resultados e discussão: a partir das observações e posicionamentos relevantes do Fórum constatou-se que os elementos que suscitaram os maiores encaminhamentos e direcionamentos estão relacionados com ações que envolvem a dimensão esportiva da LM. Conclusão: ações relacionadas a organização esportiva são as mais priorizadas, tal constatação sinaliza para a esportivização da LM, algo legítimo considerando que a modalidade é genuinamente brasileira e de grande importância para cultura nacional.

Introduction: the progress made in the last decades in terms of sports practices has been immense, especially in some combat sports. Faced with this context, it is possible to situate Marajoara Wrestling (MW), a modality still little known in the academic world. Objective: to describe the main discussions and referrals involving the MW, arising from the debates of the 1st Para Forum of Marajoara Fight. Method: the report has an exploratory and descriptive character, configuring itself as a qualitative study, as it seeks to identify significant issues in the universe of the modality to point out future referrals. Results and discussion: Based on the relevant observations and positions of the Forum, it was found that the elements that gave rise to the greatest referrals and orientations are related to actions that involve the sports dimension of MW. Conclusion: actions related to sports organization are the most prioritized, this finding signals the sporting of MW, something legitimate considering that the sport is genuinely Brazilian and of great importance for national culture.

Introducción: el progreso realizado en las últimas décadas en términos de prácticas deportivas ha sido inmenso, especialmente en algunos deportes de combate. Frente a este contexto, es posible situar a Luta Marajoara (LM), una modalidad aún poco conocida en el mundo académico. Objetivo: describir las principales discusiones y referencias relacionadas con el LM, que surgen de los debates del 1er Foro de Lucha de Marajoara. Método: el informe tiene un carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, configurándose como un estudio cualitativo, ya que busca identificar problemas significativos en el universo de la modalidad para señalar futuras referencias. Resultados y discusión: Basado en las observaciones y posiciones relevantes del Foro, se encontró que los elementos que dieron lugar a las mayores referencias y orientaciones están relacionados con acciones que involucran la dimensión deportiva de LM. Conclusión: las acciones relacionadas con la organización deportiva son las más prioritarias, este hallazgo señala el deporte de LM, algo legítimo teniendo en cuenta que el deporte es genuinamente brasileño y de gran importancia para la cultura nacional.