Genomic identification of microbial species adhering to maxillofacial prostheses and susceptibility to different hygiene protocols.

This study investigated the microbial colonization of maxillofacial prostheses and support tissues using the Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method, and the efficacy of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, 10% Ricinus communis solutions, or brushing, on colony forming unit (CFU) reduction in monospecies biofilms (Candida glabrata, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) formed on two silicones (MDX 4-4210 and Bio-Skin). Biofilm was harvested from 43 maxillofacial prosthesis wearers for detection of 38 species of microorganisms. The CFU counts of the six above mentioned species were recorded after using the hygiene protocols. All 38 investigated species were identified in prostheses and tissues, with a higher prevalence in the prostheses. 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate immersion showed the greatest antimicrobial effectiveness, followed by mechanical brushing protocols. MDX 4-4210 silicone produced lower CFU counts than Bio-Skin.

Oral Nodular Lesions in Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome: Unusual Oral Implications of a Systemic Disorder

Abstract Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the lacrimal and salivary glands. SS may manifest as primary SS (pSS) or secondary SS (sSS), the latter occurring in the context of another autoimmune disorder. In both cases, the dry eyes and mouth affect the patient's quality of life. Late complications may include blindness, dental tissue destruction, oral candidiasis and lymphoma. This paper reports two cases of SS, each of them presenting unusual oral nodular lesion diagnosed as relapsed MALT lymphoma and mucocele. The importance of the diagnosis, treatment and management of the oral lesions by a dentist during the care of SS patients is emphasized, as the oral manifestations of SS may compromise the patient's quality of life.

Resumo A síndrome de Sjögren (SS) é uma doença autoimune crônica sistêmica que afeta as glândulas lacrimal e salivar. A SS pode se manifestar como SS primária (SSp) ou SS secundária (SSs), a última ocorrendo em conjunto com outra desordem autoimune. Em ambos os casos, os olhos secos e a boca seca afetam a qualidade de vida do paciente. As complicações tardias podem incluir cegueira, destruição dos tecidos dentários, candidíase oral e linfoma. Este artigo relata dois casos de SS, cada um apresentando lesão nodular oral incomum diagnosticada como linfoma MALT reincidente e mucocele. A importância do diagnóstico, tratamento e manejo das lesões orais por um cirurgião-dentista durante o atendimento de pacientes com SS é enfatizada, pois as manifestações orais da SS podem comprometer a qualidade de vida do paciente.

Oral Nodular Lesions in Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome: Unusual Oral Implications of a Systemic Disorder.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the lacrimal and salivary glands. SS may manifest as primary SS (pSS) or secondary SS (sSS), the latter occurring in the context of another autoimmune disorder. In both cases, the dry eyes and mouth affect the patient's quality of life. Late complications may include blindness, dental tissue destruction, oral candidiasis and lymphoma. This paper reports two cases of SS, each of them presenting unusual oral nodular lesion diagnosed as relapsed MALT lymphoma and mucocele. The importance of the diagnosis, treatment and management of the oral lesions by a dentist during the care of SS patients is emphasized, as the oral manifestations of SS may compromise the patient's quality of life.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of an experimental dentifrice based on Ricinus communis.

This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of a Ricinus communis-based experimental dentifrice for denture hygiene against the following standard strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay was performed with R. communis in pure oil at 2.5%. Only E. coli was not inhibited by R. communis, but the MIC (0.0781%) was effective against the other microorganisms. From these results it was determined the R. communis concentrations for experimental dentifrices, 1, 2, 5 and 10%, which were evaluated by the test-well diffusion in agar. The commercial dentifrices Colgate, Trihydral and Corega Brite were tested for comparative purposes. The diameter of the zones of bacterial growth inhibition produced around the wells was measured (in mm) with a rule under reflected light. Data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test (α=0.05). Neither the commercial nor the experimental dentifrices were effective against E. coli. The experimental dentifrices containing R. communis at 2, 5 and 10% presented action against S. mutans, S. aureaus and E. faecallis. The experimental dentifrices showed no antimicrobial activity against Candida spp. and E. coli in any of the tested concentrations. Trihydral was the most effective. Comparing the experimental dentifrices, the product with 10% R. communis produced the largest zones of bacterial growth inhibition and had similar antimicrobial activity to the commercial dentifrices, except against S. aureus.

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of an Experimental Dentifrice Based on Ricinus Communis

This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of a Ricinus communis-based experimental dentifrice for denture hygiene against the following standard strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay was performed with R. communis in pure oil at 2.5%. Only E. coli was not inhibited by R. communis, but the MIC (0.0781%) was effective against the other microorganisms. From these results it was determined the R. communis concentrations for experimental dentifrices, 1, 2, 5 and 10%, which were evaluated by the test-well diffusion in agar. The commercial dentifrices Colgate, Trihydral and Corega Brite were tested for comparative purposes. The diameter of the zones of bacterial growth inhibition produced around the wells was measured (in mm) with a rule under reflected light. Data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test (α=0.05). Neither the commercial nor the experimental dentifrices were effective against E. coli. The experimental dentifrices containing R. communis at 2, 5 and 10% presented action against S. mutans, S. aureaus and E. faecallis. The experimental dentifrices showed no antimicrobial activity against Candida spp. and E. coli in any of the tested concentrations. Trihydral was the most effective. Comparing the experimental dentifrices, the product with 10% R. communis produced the largest zones of bacterial growth inhibition and had similar antimicrobial activity to the commercial dentifrices, except against S. aureus.

Este estudo avaliou a atividade antimicrobiana de um dentifrício experimental a base de Ricinus communis para higiene de prótese contra as seguintes cepas padrão: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans e Candida glabrata. O ensaio de concentração inibitória mínima foi realizado com R. communis em óleo puro a 2,5 % . Apenas a E. coli não foi inibida por R. communis, no entanto, a concentração mínima (0,0781%) foi eficaz contra os outros microrganismos. A partir destes resultados foram determinadas as concentrações dos dentifrícios experimentais: 1, 2, 5 e 10 %, as quais foram avaliadas pelo teste de difusão em Agar. Os dentifrícios comerciais Colgate, Trihydral e Corega Brite foram testados para fins comparativos. O diâmetro dos halos de inibição do crescimento bacteriano, em torno dos poços, foi medido (em mm) com uma régua sob uma luz refletida. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de análise de variância e teste post-hoc de Tukey (α=0,05). Nem os dentifrícios comerciais nem os experimentais foram eficazes contra E. coli. Os dentifrícios experimentais contendo R. communis a 2 , 5 e 10 % apresentaram ação contra S. mutans, S. aureaus e E. faecallis. Os dentifrícios experimentais não mostraram atividade antimicrobiana contra Candida spp e E. coli em nenhuma das concentrações testadas . O Trihydral foi o mais eficaz. Comparando os dentifrícios experimentais, o produto com 10% de R. communis produziu os maiores halos de inibição do crescimento microbiano e apresentou atividade antimicrobiana.

Microstructural characterization and evaluation of the properties of polymeric materials for maxillofacial prosthetics.

This study evaluated the Shore A hardness, colour and microstructural alterations of an experimental silicone for maxillofacial prostheses. As a control, the MDX 4-4210 silicone was used. Eighty specimens of each material were randomly divided into groups of pigmentation and ageing. For microstructural analysis by Thermogravimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry, three specimens of each group were used. Anova and Tukey test (p < 0.05) was used in statistical analysis. There was significant difference in hardness depending on the materials, pigmentation and ageing and interaction between all the factors evaluated (p = 0.00). The colour change was significant due to ageing (p = 0.00) and the interaction between the factors evaluated (p = 0.00). The microstructural analyses have shown that ageing methods and pigmentations did not cause structural alterations. The results suggest that the alterations in hardness and colour do not represent important structural changes.

Efeitos da pigmentação e do envelhecimento acelerado na estabilidade de cor de um silicone médico com potencial de uso nas próteses maxilofaciais / Effects of pigmentation and accelerated aging on color stability of a medical silicone with potential for use in maxillofacial prosthetics

Este estudo avaliou a alteração de cor do silicone Ortho Pauher, tendo como padrão ouro o silicone MDX 4 - 4210, frente ao envelhecimento e à pigmentação. Foram obtidos sessenta espécimes para cada material, os quais receberam pigmentação intrínseca ou pigmentação intrínseca e extrínseca. Como pigmento, foi utilizado pó de maquiagem. Os espécimes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos e submetidos ao envelhecimento ou por termociclagem, luz ultravioleta ou para compor o grupo controle. Como controle, espécimes foram mantidos em um recipiente hermeticamente fechado na ausência de luz. O envelhecimento simulou um período de uso de 12 meses. Os testes ANOVA e Tukey (p < 0,05) indicaram diferença significante entre o grupo controle e osgrupos envelhecidos por termociclagem e luz ultravioleta, sendo que estes se mostraram iguais. Em relação aos materiais, não houve diferença entre eles. Houve diferença entre as pigmentações. Na interação, o Ortho Pauher sofreu maior variação de cor causada pela luz ultravioleta, enquanto o MDX, pela termociclagem. Comparando-seos materiais com pigmentação intrínseca, nos três grupos de envelhecimento houve diferença entre o controle e a luz ultravioleta, sendo que a maior alteração foi encontrada para o Ortho Pauher. Para os materiais com pigmentação intrínseca e extrínseca, houve diferença nos três grupos de envelhecimento, com maior variação para o MDX.Notam-se comportamentos distintos dos materiais em função da pigmentação e do envelhecimento, devendo-se considerar a associação entre material, tipo de pigmento e tipo de exposição para que se faça a indicação clínica corretamente, podendo-se considerar o Ortho Pauher na confecção de próteses maxilofaciais.

This study evaluated the color change of the silicone Ortho Pauher, with the standard gold silicone MDX 4 - 4210, facing the aging and pigmentation. Sixty specimens were obtained for each material, which received intrinsic or intrinsic and extrinsic pigmentation. Powder makeup was used as pigment. The specimens were randomly dividedinto three groups and subjected to aging or thermal cycling, ultraviolet light or to compose the control group. As control, specimens were kept in an airtight container in the absence of light. Aging simulated a period of 12 months. ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05) indicated a significant difference between control group and the groups aging by thermal cycling and ultraviolet light, which were equal. In relation to materials, there was no difference between them. There was a difference between pigmentation. In the interaction, Ortho Pauher suffered major color changescaused by ultraviolet light, while the MDX, by thermocycling. Comparing the materials with intrinsic pigmentation, the aging in the three groups was difference between control and ultraviolet light, and the greatest change was found for the Ortho Pauher. For materials with intrinsic pigmentation and extrinsic, there were differences between the three groups of the aging, with greater variation for the MDX. Note the different behavior of materials as a function of pigmentation and aging, one should considered the relationship between material, pigment type and type ofexposure in order to do properly the clinical indication, and may be considered silicone Ortho Pauher in making of the maxillofacial prosthesis.