RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: We estimated smoking-attributable mortality, assessed the impact of past smoking on recent mortality, and computed expected future losses in life expectancy caused by past and current smoking behavior in Latin America and the Caribbean. METHODS: We used a regression-based procedure to estimate smoking-attributable mortality and information for 6 countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Cuba, Mexico, and Uruguay) for the years 1980 through 2009 contained in the Latin American Mortality Database (LAMBdA). These countries jointly comprise more than two thirds of the adult population in Latin America and the Caribbean and have the region's highest rates of smoking prevalence. RESULTS: During the last 10 years, the impact of smoking was equivalent to losses in male (aged ≥ 50 years) life expectancy of about 2 to 6 years. These effects are likely to increase, particularly for females, both in the study countries and in those that joined the epidemic at later dates. CONCLUSIONS: Unless innovations in the detection and treatment of chronic diseases are introduced soon, continued gains in adult survival in Latin America and the Caribbean region may slow down considerably.
Assuntos
Expectativa de Vida , Fumar/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , América Latina/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Estatísticos , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Contiene: prefacio,inmortalidad en la ninez,el proceso de infeccion y enfermedades,causas de muerte en la infancia y en la ninez,la situacional del nino Boliviano,factores de riesgo asociadas a la madre,factores asociados al sistema de atencion de salud,conclusiones y recomendaciones
Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis , Mortalidade Infantil , Aleitamento Materno , AnticoncepcionaisRESUMO
El presente trabajo trata de reunir en un volumen gran parte de la rica informacion de que se dispone sobre la sobrevivencia infantil en Bolivia, y hacer un analisis descriptivo de ella. Sin desconocer la importancia de la salud materna, nos hemos concentrado aqui en la salud infantil. Esperamos que este trabajo sirva de estimulo para que se intensifiquen las tareas de investigación sobre esta area prioritaria para el pais, basadas en datos estadisticos fidedignos y con metodologias cientificas.