Apendicitis aguda: diagnóstico ecográfico / Acute appendicitis: abdominal ultrasound diagnosis

Entre 1993 y 1995 se realizaron ecografías en 37 pacientes con sospecha clínica de apendicitis aguda y apendicectomizados. Dieciseis pacientes (43 por ciento) del sexo masculino y 21 (57 por ciento) del sexo femenino. Con una sensibilidad del 90 por ciento y una especificidad del 94 la ecografía abdominal es un método complementario accesible, rápido e inofensivo. Se obtuvieron 14 casos (13 por ciento) de laparotomías innecesarias según resultados histopatológicos. El estudio ecográfico es una buena alternativa en búsqueda de un diagnóstico certero. Se investiga la literatura

G-cells and gastrinaemia in chronic nonspecific bulbitis.

Chronic nonspecific bulbitis (CNB), the number of G-cells in the antrum and the level of serum gastrin were unrelated in a group of 24 patients. Gastrin may be produced by cells outside the antrum or by a few but hyperactive antral G-cells.

[Fine-needle aspiration puncture of abdominal masses using echographic monitoring. Cytological diagnosis and experience with biological markers]. / Puncion aspiración con aguja fina de masas abdominales bajo control ecográfico. Diagnóstico citológico y experiencia con marcadores biológicos.

43 fine needle aspiration biopsies of abdominal masses were performed under echographic guide. Cytologic diagnosis was done with routine techniques. Tumor, lineage and origin biologic markers were detected by immunocytochemical methods. Sensibility, specificity and accuracy of this procedure were evaluated. Advantages of the method are discussed.

[Evaluation of Ig and muramidase (lysozyme) in unspecified chronic duodenitis (bulbitis)]. / Valoración de Ig y muramidasa (lisozima) en la duodenitis crónica inespecífica (bulbitis).

In 158 patients with symptoms of non ulcerative dyspepsia, endoscopic, histologic and immunohystochemical studies were performed over three years with the aim of investigating the immunological involvement in the Chronic non specific Duodenitis (CND). After excluding 112 patients with associated pathologies of those not fulfilling technics requisites, a population of 46 subjects was selected and subsequently it was subdivided into four groups. A group of 15 patients with histologically normal duodeno served as control; the rest (31 patients) were grouped according to duodenal compromise into three groups of minor-major severity; Grade 1 (n=12); Grade 2 (n=12); Grade 3 (n=7). The number of immunoglobuline producing cells by mn2 of mucosal area and semiquantitative evaluation of mononucleated cells with cytoplasmatic activity to hydrolitic enzymes (lysozyme or muramidase) were compared among the 4 sub-groups. It was observed a variation in the immunoglobulines rate among controls (IgA: M: G=82, 52: 11, 01: 6,45) regarding the most severe degree (61, 56: 27,30: 11,14). The increase of IgMy G compared with controls was highly significant (p is less than 0.001) and it was noted a correlative IgA diminution. The contribution of hydrolitic enzymes through the presence of "activated" histiocytes was maximal in the most degree-coinciding with the increase of IgM and IgG. This findings indicated that a marked local activation of the Immunitary System type B is observed in the Chronic Nonspecific Duodenitis and its increment, expressed as quali-quantitative variations of the different immunologlobulines and muramidase producing cells, should have lythic activity in the highest degrees. We conclude, proposing this disease as a model of immunological aggression which affects bulbar mucosae.