Safety and efficacy of silicone tape for indwelling urinary catheter fixation in intensive care patients-A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients are more vulnerable to medical adhesive-related skin injuries (MARSI), whose prevention is a constant challenge and one of the main quality indicators of nursing care. MARSI associated with indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) fixation is a relevant adverse event, mainly because of the constant involuntary traction and high skin vulnerability of the fixation site. Silicone adhesive tape has appreciable qualities for fragile skin among the range of adhesives, leading to the inference that it reduces the risk of MARSI. AIM: To compare silicone adhesive tape for IUC fixation with acrylate tape regarding its safety and efficacy. STUDY DESIGN: This was a randomized controlled trial blinded to the patients and evaluator. Data were collected from an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary university hospital in Brazil. Patients with IUC and no MARSI at the fixation site were considered eligible. The omega (Ω) fixation technique was used for IUC fixation. A total of 132 participants were enrolled and divided into two research groups: 66 patients in the intervention group (silicone tape) and 66 in the control group (acrylate tape). Outcomes were the incidence of MARSI, patient outcome in the ICU and hospital and partial, total and overall spontaneous detachment of the tapes. RESULTS: The overall incidence of MARSI was 28%, with 21% in the silicone group and 35% in the acrylate group, with no statistically significant difference (p = .121), including the severity of the lesions (p = .902). However, partial (p = .003) and overall (p < .001) detachment of the tapes were more frequent in the silicone group. CONCLUSIONS: Silicone tape is no safer than acrylate tape for IUC fixation and is less adhesively effective. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: There is no evidence to support the extensive use of silicone tape in this context.

Caracterização epidemiológica e causas da não doação por potenciais doadores de órgãos em morte encefálica / Epidemiological characterization and causes of non-donation by potential brain-dead organ donors / Caracterización epidemiológica y causas de la no donación de potenciales donantes de órganos en muerte cerebral

Objetivo: analisar as características epidemiológicas e causas da não efetivação do processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos de potenciais doadores em morte encefálica. Método: estudo transversal, com dados secundários do ano de 2019, obtidos de formulários de notificação de morte encefálica de pacientes com idade igual e superior a 18 anos, analisados descritiva e inferencialmente, após aprovação pelo comitê de ética. Resultados: notificadas 231 mortes encefálicas, com maior incidência de pessoas do sexo masculino, idade média de 48 anos e notificações dos hospitais públicos. Em Campo Grande, Mato grosso do Sul, observou-se maior número de notificações e o menor tempo entre a notificação e o primeiro exame clínico (RR: 4,01; IC 2,17-7,41; p<0,001). Entre os casos de não doação, 75,8% ocorreram por contraindicação médica e recusa familiar. Conclusão: houve predomínio de adultos jovens, não doadores de órgãos, cuja negativa da família deu-se pela vontade de manter o corpo íntegro.

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and causes of non-completion of the organ and tissue donation process from potential brain-dead donors. Method: cross-sectional study, with secondary data from 2019, obtained from brain death notification forms of patients aged 18 years and over, analyzed descriptively and inferentially, after approval by the ethics committee. Results: 231 brain deaths were reported, with a higher incidence of males, average age of 48 years and notifications from public hospitals. In Campo Grande, Mato grosso do Sul, Brazil, there was a greater number of notifications and a shorter time between notification and the first clinical examination (RR: 4.01; CI 2.17-7.41; p<0.001). Among cases of non-donation, 75.8% occurred due to medical contraindication and family refusal. Conclusion: there was a predominance of young adults, non-organ donors, whose family's refusal was due to the desire to keep the body intact.

Objetivo: analizar las características epidemiológicas y las causas de la no finalización del proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos de potenciales donantes en muerte cerebral. Método: estudio transversal, con datos secundarios del año 2019, obtenidos de formularios de notificación de muerte encefálica de pacientes de 18 años y más, analizados de manera descriptiva e inferencial, previa aprobación del comité de ética. Resultados: Se reportaron 231 muertes encefálicas, con mayor incidencia de hombres, edad promedio de 48 años y notificaciones de los hospitales públicos. En Campo Grande, Mato grosso do Sul, hubo mayor número de notificaciones y menor tiempo entre la notificación y el primer examen clínico (RR: 4,01; IC 2,17-7,41; p<0,001). Entre los casos de no donación, el 75,8% se produjo por contraindicación médica y negativa familiar. Conclusión: hubo predominio de adultos jóvenes, no donantes de órganos, cuya negativa familiar se debió al deseo de mantener el cuerpo íntegro.

Clinical-Epidemiological Characteristics and Mortality in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 1980 at 2018.

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical-epidemiological characteristics and mortality in patients with sickle-cell anemia (SCA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cohort study with retrospective data, conducted in two reference hospitals for SCA treatment from January 1980 to December 2018, recorded in two reference services. With a 5% significance level, the Chi-Square and Student's t-tests were employed in the inferential statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 128 patients with SCA were studied. Diagnosis up to the fifth day of life was made in 10 patients. There were 19 deaths, of which 12 (63.2%) were female, and the average age at death was 27.05 (± 14.78) years. The leading causes of death were septic shock and cardiogenic shock. The use of invasive medical devices was considered a risk factor for death (RR=2.63; 95% CI=1.16-5.96; p=0.018), and monitoring time up to 20 years presented a 31% reduction in the risk of dying (RR=0.31; 95% CI=0.12-0.82; p=0.011) when compared to the monitoring of more than 20 years. CONCLUSION: These findings are to be considered in the treatment of patients with SCA, mainly regarding early diagnosis and access to the treatment immediately afterward, since they are fundamental in improving survival and reducing severe complications.

Estudos econômicos completos sobre tratamentos da anemia falciforme / Estudios económicos completos sobre tratamientos para la anemia falciforme / Comprehensive economic studies on sickle cell anemia treatments

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar os estudos econômicos completos com enfoque nos tratamentos da Anemia Falciforme. Métodos: Estudo de revisão integrativa de literatura desenvolvido mediante coleta de dados nas bases eletrônicas National Library of Medicine - Medline via PubMed; Elservier's Scopus; Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Science Direct e Web of Science com descritores indexados no Medical Subject Headings. Os estudos foram selecionados pelo teste de relevância e analisados de acordo com a classificação das análises econômicas em saúde e o sistema de Classificação da qualidade das evidências e a força das recomendações. Resultados: Fizeram parte desta revisão 09 artigos, dos quais sete recuperados na base Elservier's Scopus e dois na Medline via PubMed. Todos estudos completos com enfoque nas perspectivas do uso da Hidroxiureia e da transfusão sanguínea no tratamento da Anemia Falciforme. Conclusão: Não foram identificados estudos realizados no Brasil com este tipo de análise para Anemia Falciforme. Há muito a ser feito mundialmente para avaliação das tecnologias vigentes, reavaliação das utilizadas atualmente e implementação de diagnóstico e tratamento contínuo, com um sistema que garanta uma rede de atenção ativa e eficiente aos pacientes.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar los estudios económicos completos con enfoque en tratamientos para la anemia falciforme Métodos: Estudio de revisión integradora de la literatura desarrollado mediante la recolección de datos en las bases electrónicas National Library of Medicine - Medline vía PubMed; Elservier's Scopus; Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Science Direct y Web of Science con descriptores indexados en Medical Subject Headings. Los estudios fueron seleccionados mediante la prueba de relevancia y analizados de acuerdo con la clasificación de análisis económicos en salud y con el sistema de clasificación de la calidad de las evidencias y la fuerza de las recomendaciones. Resultados: Nueve artículos formaron parte de esta revisión, de los cuales siete fueron encontrados en la base Elservier's Scopus y dos en Medline vía PubMed. Todos son estudios completos con enfoque en las perspectivas del uso de hidroxiurea y transfusión sanguínea para el tratamiento de anemia falciforme. Conclusión: No se identificaron estudios realizados en Brasil con este tipo de análisis de anemia falciforme. Hay mucho por hacer a nivel mundial para evaluar las tecnologías vigentes, revaluar las que se utilizan en la actualidad e implementar el diagnóstico y tratamiento continuo, con un sistema que garantice una red de atención activa y eficiente para los pacientes.

Abstract Objective: To analyze complete economic studies focusing on sickle cell anemia treatments. Methods: Integrative literature review developed by collecting data in the electronic databases National Library of Medicine - Medline via PubMed; Elsevier's Scopus; Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Science Direct and Web of Science with descriptors indexed in Medical Subject Headings. The studies were selected by the relevance test and analyzed according to the classification of economic analyses in health and the classification system of evidence quality and strength of recommendations. Results: Nine articles were part of this review, seven of which were retrieved from Elsevier's Scopus and two from Medline via PubMed. All articles reported on studies focusing on the perspectives of using hydroxyurea and blood transfusion in the treatment of sickle cell anemia. Conclusion: No studies were identified that were conducted in Brazil and involved this type of analysis for sickle cell anemia. Much remains to be done worldwide to assess existing technologies, reassess the technologies currently used and implement continuous diagnosis and treatment, by means of a system that guarantees an active and efficient care network for the patients.

Fatores de risco para mortalidade em pacientes com doença falciforme: uma revisão integrativa / Factores de riesgo para la mortalidad en pacientes con enfermedad falciforme: una revisión integradora / Risk factors for mortality in patients with sickle cell disease: an integrative review

RESUMO Objetivo Sumarizar fatores de risco e indicadores de mortalidade em pacientes com doença falciforme. Método Revisão integrativa em periódicos indexados nas bases de dados CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct/SCOPUS, SciELO e Web of Science. A questão norteadora foi elaborada por meio da estratégia Population, variable, outcome (PVO). A busca ocorreu no portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior entre outubro e novembro de 2018. Resultados Dos 19 artigos, 18 eram coorte e um ensaio clínico randomizado. A amostra foi constituída, em sua maioria, pelo sexo feminino e genótipo HbSS. Se repetiram mais a taxa de mortalidade cumulativa e a curva de mortalidade global. Sete estudos identificaram fatores de risco com associação estatisticamente significativa para morte. Os mais frequentes foram o baixo nível de hemoglobina, variáveis hepáticas (enzimas fosfatase alcalina e transaminase glutâmico oxalacética) e cardiovasculares (velocidade de regurgitação da válvula tricúspide ≥ 2,5m/s). Conclusão e implicações para a prática Indicadores de mortalidade constituem ferramentas de manejo de pacientes com doença falciforme e prevenção de riscos e complicações. Há necessidade de estudos sobre os fatores relacionados à mortalidade desses pacientes. A prevenção do óbito, certamente, promoverá uma melhoria na qualidade de vida e na sobrevida dessa população.

RESUMEN Objetivo Resumir los factores de riesgo y los indicadores de mortalidad en pacientes con enfermedad de células falciformes. Método revisión integradora de publicaciones en las bases de datos CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct/SCOPUS, SciELO y Web of Science. La pregunta guía basada en Population, variable, outcome (PVO) conduciu la búsqueda en el Portal de revistas de la Coordinación de Mejoramiento de Personal de Nivel Superior, entre octubre-noviembre de 2018, con los descriptores anemia, sickle cell "and" mortality "and" survival y sus sinónimos. Resultados De 18/19 artículos son cohortes y un ensayo controlado aleatorio. La muestra consistió en mujeres y genotipo HbSS. La tasa de mortalidad acumulada y la curva de mortalidad general fueron más repetidas. Siete estudios identificaron factores de riesgo con asociación estadísticamente significativa con la muerte. Los más frecuentes fueron el bajo nivel de hemoglobina, variables hepáticas (fosfatasa alcalina y enzimas glutámicas transaminasas oxalacéticas) y variables cardiovasculares (velocidad de regurgitación de la válvula tricúspide ≥ 2.5m/s). Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica Los indicadores de mortalidad son herramientas de manejo de los pacientes con esta enfermedad, la prevención de factores de riesgo y complicaciones. Hace necesidad de estudios sobre los factores relacionados con la mortalidad. La prevención de las muertes mejorará la calidad de vida y la supervivencia.

ABSTRACT Objective To summarize the risk factors and mortality indicators in sickle cell disease patients. Method Integrative review searched publications in journals in CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct/SCOPUS, SciELO, and Web of Science databases. The guiding question was elaborated through the Population, Variable, Outcome (PVO) strategy and the search was from October-to-November 2018, at the Coordination of Higher Level Personnel Improvement Periodicals' Gate. The keywords anemia, sickle cell "and" mortality "and" survival and their synonyms were used. Results From 18/19 articles were cohort and one randomized controlled trial. The sample consisted mostly of females and HbSS genotype. The cumulative mortality rate and the overall mortality curve were the most repeated. Seven studies identified risk factors with a statistically significant association with death. The most frequent were low hemoglobin level, liver variables (alkaline phosphatase and oxalacetic glutamic transaminase enzymes) and cardiovascular variables (tricuspid valve regurgitation speed ≥ 2.5m/s). Conclusion and implications for practice Mortality indicators are tools for better management of sickle cell disease's patient, prevention of risks and complications. There is a need for further studies on the factors related to mortality of these patients. Preventing the causes that lead to death will certainly improve the quality of life and survival of this population.