Sterile alpha motif and histidine-aspartic acid domain-containing protein 1 expression and its relationship with T cell activation in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with lung-spleen deficiency syndrome pattern.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between antiviral restriction factor Sterile Alpha Motif and Histidine-Aspartic acid domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) expression and T cell activation, furthermore, identifying objective indexes of lung-spleen deficiency symptom pattern. METHODS: We assessed the profile of T lymphocyte subsets, characteristics of SAMHD1 and human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR) expression in lung-spleen deficiency patients. At the same time, people living with human immunodeficiency virus / acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) (PLWHA) without obvious clinical symptoms and healthy donors in this area were used as controls. RESULTS: Immunohematologic indexes lower CD4 count, lower CD4/CD8 ratio and higher SAMHD1 level were found in lung-spleen deficiency patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated a positive relationship between SAMHD1 and HLA-DR level as well as with interferon factor in lung-spleen deficiency syndrome and patients without obvious clinical signs and symptoms groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicated the positive relationship between SAMHD1 and T cell activation which further elucidated the role of SAMHD1 in cellular immune response. Furthermore, combination of T lymphocyte subsets counts and SAMHD1 level may be used as clinical and biological reference basis for the differentiation and diagnosis of HIV / AIDS traditional Chinese medicine syndromes.

[Terpenoids from Toona sinensis].

Eight terpenoids(1-8) were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of 80% ethanol extract of leaf of Toona sinensis through various column chromatographies on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI and ODS. Their structures were elucidated as 8ß-hydroxypimar-15-en-19-oic acid methyl ester(1), cedrodorol B(2), 11ß-acetoxyobacunol(3), toonayunnanin D(4), toonaciliatone D(5), toonaciliatone A(6), cedrelone(7), and 11ß-hydroxygedunin(8) based on their chemical and physicochemical methods and spectroscopic data. Compound 1 was a new pimaradienediterpenoid and terpenoid 2-7 were isolated and identified from this plant for the first time. Compound 1 was tested in vitro for cytotoxic potential by employing MTT method and radical scavenging potential using DPPH test. As a result, 1 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against three tested tumor cell lines(SMMC-7721, A549 and MCF-7) with IC_(50) values less than 40 µmol·L~(-1) and moderate radical scavenging activities with IC_(50) values of 74.3 µmol·L~(-1).

[The efficacy of TKIs in treatment of human primary small cell lung cancer xenograft model in vivo].

OBJECTIVE: To study the treatmaient of non-small cell lung cancer, we established the HU-Prim allograft transplantation tumor model. METHODS: The fresh tumor samples were transplanted in the right scapular subcutaneous layer of the severe combined immunodeficient Non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice. The pathological features of the tumors were observed. Nonnecrotic tissue was inoculated subcutaneously into the right axillary. When the tumor in burdened rat grew approximately 100 mm3, according to the tumor size all the animals were divided into the following four groups, eight rats in each group:solvent control group, gefitinib group (100 mg/kg), erlotinib group (50 mg/kg), afatinib group (20 mg/kg). Aniamals were treated with drugs by intragastric (i.g.) administrated, once daily, for consecutively 14 days. Measure the tumor size 2-3 times every week. RESULTS: HuPrime1-NSCLC mutant sensitive xenograft model research data showed that reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib, erlotinib and irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor afatinib could effectively inhibit tumor growth in EGFR positive NSCLC allografts model. The pharmacodynamic activity of irreversible inhibitor was better than that of the reversible inhibitor. Specimens from clinical anthropogenic tumor retain characteristics of the human primary malignancy, histopathology, biological characteristics, and tumor markers, etc., which can more accurately reflect the characteristics of the tumor and the impact of interventions. CONCLUSIONS: The model is not only a good antitumor drug experimental platform, but also a new evaluation tool of individualized medication.