Reinterpreting the Intercalation-Conversion Mechanism of FeP Anodes in Lithium/Sodium-Ion Batteries from Evolution of the Magnetic Phase.

Batteries with intercalation-conversion-type electrodes tend to achieve high-capacity storage, but the complicated reaction process often suffers from confusing electrochemical mechanisms. Here, we reinterpreted the essential issue about the potential of the conversion reaction and whether there is an intercalation reaction in a lithium/sodium-ion battery (LIB/SIB) with the FeP anode based on the evolution of the magnetic phase. Especially, the ever-present intercalation process in a large voltage range followed by the conversion reaction with extremely low potential was confirmed in FeP LIB, while it is mainly the conversion reaction for the sodium storage mechanism in FeP SIB. The insufficient conversion reaction profoundly limits the actual capacity to the expectedly respectable value. Accordingly, a graphene oxide modification strategy was proposed to increase the reversible capacity of FeP LIB/SIB by 99% and 132%, respectively. The results facilitate the development of anode materials with a high capacity and low operating potential.

Multimodal Study of the Superior Mesenteric Artery Wall.

BACKGROUND: To quantitatively analyze histological and fiber structure of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) wall and to further explore the possible relationship between the architecture and histology changes of vessel wall and the occurrence of related diseases. METHODS: Histological and fiber structure analysis were performed on SMA specimens obtained from 22 cadavers. The SMA specimens were divided into initial, curved, and distal segments, and each segment was separated into the anterior and posterior walls. RESULTS: From the initial to the curved to the distal segment, the ratio of elastin decreased (31.4% ± 6.0%, 21.1% ± 5.8%, 18.6% ± 4.7%, respectively; P < 0.001), whereas the ratio of smooth muscle actin (24.5% ± 8.7%, 30.5% ± 6.8%, 36.1% ± 7.3%, respectively; P < 0.001) increased. Elastic fiber longitudinal amplitude of angular undulation was highest in the initial segment [7° (3.25°, 15°)] and lowest in the curved segment [2° (1°, 5°)]. In SMA curved segment, the anterior wall, when compared with the posterior wall, demonstrated a lower ratio of elastin (19.0% ± 5.8% vs. 23.3% ± 5.0%; P = 0.010) and collagen (41.4% ± 12.3% vs. 49.0% ± 10.2%; P = 0.032), a lower elastic fiber longitudinal amplitude of angular undulation [1° (1°, 5°) vs. 3° (2°, 5.25°); P = 0.013], a lower average fiber diameter (8.06 ± 0.36 pixels vs. 8.45 ± 0.50 pixels; P = 0.005), and a lower average segment length (17.96 ± 1.59 pixels vs. 20.05 ± 2.33 pixels; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: SMA wall structure varies along the circumferential and axial directions, the presence of dense undulated elastic fiber protects the SMA initial segment of from dissection and aneurysm, but highly cross-linked collagen fiber here increases the likelihood of plaque formation. In the anterior wall of the curved segment, lower elastin and collagen content, lower elastic fiber undulation, and higher degree of collagen fiber cross-linking leads to the occurrence of SMA dissection and aneurysm. In the distal segment, high levels of vascular smooth muscle cells and bundles of long collagen fiber offer protection against the development of SMA-related diseases.

A change in strategy for filter choice leads to improved filter retrieval rates.

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether a new strategy for the choice of inferior vena cava filter placed would improve filter retrieval rates at our institution. METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent retrievable filter placement for temporary embolic protection between January 2021 and January 2023 were considered for study inclusion. Risk factors for nonretrieval of short-term filters were identified in patients receiving filters between January 2021 and January 2022 (prestrategy group). For patients treated between February 2022 and January 2023 (poststrategy group), a long-term filter was recommended for those with these risk factors, and a short-term filter was recommended for those without these risk factors. RESULTS: The study population included 303 patients (prestrategy group, n = 154; poststrategy group, n = 149). Long-term immobilization (odds ratio [OR] = 38.000; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.858-210.564), active cancer (OR = 17.643; 95% CI: 5.462-56.993), and venous thromboembolism detected in the intensive care unit (OR = 28.500; 95% CI: 7.419-109.477) were identified as independent risk factors for nonretrieval of short-term filters. The total retrieval rate was significantly higher in the poststrategy group (87.2%) than in the prestrategy group (72.7%; P = 0.002); the short-term filter retrieval rate was also significantly higher in the poststrategy group (84.5%) than in the prestrategy group (68.5%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The proposed strategy for filter choice based on risk factors for short-term filter nonretrieval can accurately identify patients who need long-term filter placement while also increasing the retrieval rates for both short-term filters retrieval rates and overall retrieval rates.

Characteristics of Option and Denali Inferior Vena Cava Filters.

BACKGROUND: To assess the characteristics of Option and Denali filters and to identify associations between these characteristics in each filter type. METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent Option or Denali filter placement between August 2019 and August 2022 were included in this retrospective study. RESULTS: A total of 119 patients (Option, n = 60; Denali, n = 59) were included. The retrieval rates were 45.0% for Option filters and 40.7% for Denali filters. The incidence of tilt at placement was higher for Option filters (76.7%) than for Denali filters (11.9%; P < 0.001). The tilt angle of Option filters at placement was correlated with the common iliac vein-inferior vena cava (CIV-IVC) angle. The incidence of tilt angle change after placement was higher for Option filters (74.1%) than for Denali filters (8.3%; P = 0.001). The IVC contraction rate after retrieval of Option is less than Denali (22.2% vs. 87.5%, P < 0.001). The median fluoroscopy time during Option filter retrieval was longer than during Denali filter retrieval. The fluoroscopic time was related to tilt angle during retrieval of Option filters. CONCLUSIONS: Option filters are more likely than Denali filters to tilt at placement, and the tilt angle of Option filters is more prone to change after placement. The tilt angle at placement in Option filters is related to the CIV-IVC angle. Option filters require a longer fluoroscopic time during retrieval than Denali filters, and this increased fluoroscopic time is related to the tilt angle. Denali is more likely to cause IVC constriction after placement.

The pathogenesis of superior mesenteric artery dissection: An in-depth study based on fluid-structure interaction and histology analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of hemodynamic factors in the occurrence of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) dissection (SMAD) using a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation method, and to identify histopathologic changes occurring in the wall of the SMA. METHODS: A total of 122 consecutive patients diagnosed with SMAD and 122 controls were included in this study. Hemodynamic factors were calculated using a FSI simulation method. Additionally, SMA specimens obtained from 12 cadavers were stained for histological quantitative analysis. RESULTS: The mean aortomesenteric angle (59.7° ± 21.4° vs 48.2° ± 16.8°; p < .001) and SMA maximum curvature (0.084 ± 0.078 mm-1 vs 0.032 ± 0.023 mm-1; p < .001) were higher in SMAD patients than the controls. Larger aortomesenteric angles and SMA curvatures were associated with higher and more concentrated wall shear stress at anterior wall of the SMA curve segment, co-located with the dissection origins. The mean thickness of media (325.18 ± 44.87 µm vs 556.92 ± 138.32 µm; p = .003) was thinner in the anterior wall of the SMA curve than in the posterior wall. The area fractions of elastin (17.96% ± 3.36% vs 27.06% ± 4.18%; p = .002) and collagen (45.43% ± 6.89% vs 55.57% ± 7.57%; p = .036) were lower in anterior wall of the SMA curve than in posterior wall. CONCLUSION: Increased aortomesenteric angle and SMA curvature are risk factors for SMAD. Both of these factors can cause local hemodynamic abnormalities, which can lead to histopathologic changes in anterior wall of SMA.

Research Progress of p-Type Oxide Thin-Film Transistors.

The development of transparent electronics has advanced metal-oxide-semiconductor Thin-Film transistor (TFT) technology. In the field of flat-panel displays, as basic units, TFTs play an important role in achieving high speed, brightness, and screen contrast ratio to display information by controlling liquid crystal pixel dots. Oxide TFTs have gradually replaced silicon-based TFTs owing to their field-effect mobility, stability, and responsiveness. In the market, n-type oxide TFTs have been widely used, and their preparation methods have been gradually refined; however, p-Type oxide TFTs with the same properties are difficult to obtain. Fabricating p-Type oxide TFTs with the same performance as n-type oxide TFTs can ensure more energy-efficient complementary electronics and better transparent display applications. This paper summarizes the basic understanding of the structure and performance of the p-Type oxide TFTs, expounding the research progress and challenges of oxide transistors. The microstructures of the three types of p-Type oxides and significant efforts to improve the performance of oxide TFTs are highlighted. Finally, the latest progress and prospects of oxide TFTs based on p-Type oxide semiconductors and other p-Type semiconductor electronic devices are discussed.

Angiography findings and endovascular management of acute nonvariceal gastrointestinal bleeding: A pictorial essay.

Patients with acute nonvariceal gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) not treatable via endoscopic therapy require angiography and endovascular management. If the source of the bleeding can be identified on angiography, the bleeding can be controlled with minimal complications by endovascular treatments such as intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin, embolization, covered stent placement, or a combination thereof. This pictorial essay reviews the angiographic findings for and the endovascular management of acute nonvariceal GIB.

The efficacy of a paeoniflorin-sodium alginate-gelatin skin scaffold for the treatment of diabetic wound: An in vivo study in a rat model.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of a paeoniflorin-sodium alginate (SA)-gelatin skin scaffold for treating diabetic wound in a rat model. METHODS: Bioinks were prepared using various percentages of paeoniflorin in the total weight of a solution containing SA and gelatin. Skin scaffolds containing 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10% paeoniflorin were printed using 3D bioprinting technology, and scaffold microstructure was observed with scanning electron microscopy. Skin scaffolds were then used in rats with diabetic wounds. H&E staining, Masson staining, and immunohistochemical staining for IL-1ß and CD31 were performed on days 7 and 14. RESULTS: All skin scaffolds had a mesh-like structure with uniform pore distribution. Wounds healed well in each group, with the 1% and 3% groups demonstrating the most complete healing. H&E staining showed that skin accessory organs had appeared in each group. On day 7, collagen deposition in the 3% group was higher than in the other groups (P＜0.05), and IL-1ß infiltration was lower in the 10% group than in the 3% group (P = 0.002). On day 14, IL-1ß infiltration was not significantly different between the 10% and 3% groups (P = 0.078). The CD31 level was higher in the 3% group than in the other groups on days 7 and 14 (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: A 3% paeoniflorin-SA-gelatin skin scaffold promoted the healing of diabetic wounds in rats. This scaffold promoted collagen deposition and microvascular regeneration and demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that this scaffold type could be used to treat diabetic wounds.

Research Progress of Transparent Electrode Materials with Sandwich Structure.

The nonrenewable nature of fossil energy has led to a gradual decrease in reserves. Meanwhile, as society becomes increasingly aware of the severe pollution caused by fossil energy, the demand for clean energy, such as solar energy, is rising. Moreover, in recent years, electronic devices with screens, such as mobile phones and computers, have had increasingly higher requirements for light transmittance. Whether in solar cells or in the display elements of electronic devices, transparent conductive films directly affect the performance of these devices as a cover layer. In this context, the development of transparent electrodes with low sheet resistance and high light transmittance has become one of the most urgent issues in related fields. At the same time, conventional electrodes can no longer meet the needs of some of the current flexible devices. Because of the high sheet resistance, poor light transmittance, and poor bending stability of the conventional tin-doped indium tin oxide conductive film and fluorine-doped tin oxide transparent conductive glass, there is a need to find alternatives with better performance. In this article, the progress of research on transparent electrode materials with sandwich structures and their advantages is reviewed according to the classification of conductive materials to provide reference for research in related fields.