Creating Effective Post-Pandemic Psychiatric Nursing Clinical Experiences Using the Roy Adaptation Model.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted students in psychiatric clinical rotations. Clinicals were frequently limited or canceled, restricting exposure of student nurses to this experience. Many modifications led to permanent changes in the psychiatric clinical setting. Objectives: The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a cohesive approach to serving student nurses in the post-pandemic psychiatric clinical setting. Methods: A theoretical exploration of the literature framed by the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) was conducted. Discussion: Results are presented using the four modes of the theory: Physiological, Self-Concept, Role Function, and Interdependence. Conclusions: Findings include strategies to enhance student learning while supporting students' health and wellness. Educators and practitioners should provide high-quality, safe learning environments for student nurses.

Interventions for Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men: Critical appraisal.

OBJECTIVE: Some interventions have been developed and tested to reduce high risk sexual behaviors among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (MSM). The purpose of this paper is to critically appraise published interventions designed to reduce high risk sexual behaviors among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM. DESIGN/SAMPLE/MEASUREMENT: A critical appraisal of published interventions designed to reduce high risk sexual behaviors among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM was conducted. Using guidelines established by the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Rating Scale published research articles were categorized and evaluated using these guidelines. RESULTS: The critical appraisal identified nine intervention studies that met all inclusion criteria. The critical appraisal of these interventions highlighted strengths and weaknesses of these interventions which should be considered when developing future interventions to decrease high risk sexual practices among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM. CONCLUSION: While several interventions have been created to specifically address HIV infection among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM, these interventions were varied. Suggestions for future intervention development to decrease high risk sexual behaviors among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and MSM based on the findings of the critical appraisal of the literature are included.

Preventing COVID-19 Infection in Mental Health Units: Recommendations for Best Practices.

Mental health facilities should be equipped to care for patients while preventing spread of COVID-19. Peer-reviewed literature and guidelines for government and health organizations were reviewed to guide best practices. Gunderson's five therapeutic functions of a milieu are used as a conceptual framework. Patients should be screened for infection according to local or national policy prior to admission to an inpatient mental health unit. While interacting with one another in a therapeutic milieu, patients should be encouraged to practice physical distancing and hand hygiene. Clinicians may need to alter therapeutic groups to prevent COVID-19 infection. Additionally, clinicians should monitor patients for emerging symptoms and conduct rapid testing and isolation of patients suspected of COVID-19. Recommendations are made for patients unable to adhere to physical distancing or hand hygiene policies.

Hispanic Parental Experiences of Learning a Child Identifies as a Sexual Minority.

Sexual minority youth (SMY) who do not feel loved and supported by their families face greater challenges and often experience various health disparities. The coming-out process is often difficult for all SMY and their families. While there is limited research on the impact of sexual orientation disclosure on families, there is even less that focuses exclusively on Hispanic families. This qualitative study explores the impact on a sample of Hispanic parents of having a child come out as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. The results demonstrate that while coming out is often challenging for SMY and their families, these challenges may be exacerbated for Hispanics due to cultural factors that contribute to children living at home longer and negative reactions to being gay. Parental reactions, impacts of disclosure on the family, and the impact of cultural factors are discussed. This study helps illuminate how cultural factors influence the coming out experience of Hispanic parents. These findings are important for understanding the experiences of these families in order to provide culturally appropriate resources for families navigating the coming out process.

A Concept Analysis of Bear Identity.

Members of the bear community, a gay male subculture, offer insight into the development and purveyance of a gay subculture. Using Walker and Avant's concept analysis methodology, concept exploration and a subsequent concept analysis of the term bear identity, using existing literature, was conducted to obtain a better understanding of the meanings of the term bear identity. CINAHL, Psycinfo, Pubmed, Medline, LGBT Life, and ProQuest were employed to identify and examine the data surrounding the concept of bear identity. After conducting the literature review, an analysis of bear identity emerged that explores antecedents, attributes, and possible consequences related to bear identification. Lastly, implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed.

Contemplating Co-Occurring Cultures: A Grounded Theory Study of Sexual Decision Making Among Hispanic Men Who Have Sex With Men.

Introduction HIV infection continues to be a serious health concern globally. Of the 1.2 million people with HIV infection in the United States, men who have sex with men (MSM) account for 57% of cases. Hispanic/Latino individuals accounted for 24% of new HIV diagnoses, with male-to-male sexual contact responsible for the majority of cases. A factor in HIV prevention is the sexual decision-making process. The purpose of this study was to describe the process by which sexual decision making occurs among Hispanic MSM. Method Utilizing a grounded theory approach, 19 in-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted from participants ages 25 to 65 years living in South Florida. After consent, participants completed an in-depth interview. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed to identify categories and subcategories. Findings A theory grounded in the data called Contemplating Co-Occurring Cultures (Hispanic, gay, and health cultures) emerged that described the central phenomenon. These co-occurring cultures were the foundation of sexual decision making among participants. Conclusion Clinicians providing care to this population should be aware of the complexity of the sexual decision-making process. Awareness of these factors may provide the opportunity for HIV risk reduction strategies developed specifically for Hispanic MSM.

Coming Out Experiences of Hispanic Sexual Minority Young Adults in South Florida.

Sexual minority youth and young adults (SMYYA) have higher prevalence of mental and behavioral health problems potentially linked to experiences of discrimination, stigma, and rejection. Among Hispanics, the intersection of stressors related to being an ethnic and sexual minority may result in compounding adverse outcomes. Coming out may play an important role in experiencing discrimination, stigma, and rejection. However, limited research examines coming out among Hispanic SMYYA (HSMYYA). This qualitative study seeks to understand the coming-out experiences of HSMYYA living in South Florida. Twenty participants between 18 and 28 years old were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis generated codes, which were grouped into categories to generate themes. This study presents data highlighting reasons for disclosing and not disclosing sexual orientation and the perceived consequences of those decisions. Additionally, we discuss unique cultural elements that impact HSMYYA's decisions to reveal sexual orientation.

A Literature Review of Health Risks in the Bear Community, a Gay Subculture.

Gay men's subcultural identifications may help explain why certain groups of gay men are more at risk than other groups. One such subculture is the Bear community, a group that espouses that large-framed, hirsute men are attractive. To understand current health risks among the Bear community, a literature search was conducted using Medline, Psychinfo, CINAHL, and LGBT Life. A total of eight articles were found addressing health risks in the Bear community. There is a dearth of literature that focuses on the Bear community, but the current literature indicates that Bears are more likely to have a higher body mass index, lower self-esteem, and engage in risky sexual behaviors than other gay men. Suggestions for engaging and conducting research with the Bear community are provided. Last, clinical implications offer guidance for health care providers working with the Bear community to ensure that appropriate care is delivered to these men.

Physical, psychosocial, and social health of men who identify as bears: a systematic review.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This article examines the existing qualitative and quantitative research on physical, psychosocial and social health of men who identify as Bears, a subcultural group in the gay community. BACKGROUND: During the 1980s, one of the first Bear communities emerged in San Francisco. Using the United States as an example, other Bear communities were created throughout the world. Today, Bear-related organizations and events are found globally. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted exploring the health of men who identify as Bears. DESIGN: To identify articles addressing the health outcomes of men who identify as Bears, the researcher systematically reviewed articles indexed through CINAHL, PsycINFO, Humanities International Index, Cochrane Library, Medline, and LGBT Life. RESULTS: The major findings across the 11 articles were systematically grouped into physical, psychosocial, and social health categories. Men identifying as Bears were more likely to have a higher body mass index, engage in risky sexual behaviours and have a lower self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS: Future implications for research and practice regarding the health of men who identify as Bears are addressed. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Men who identify as Bears have unique health care needs and respond to health care providers who are sensitive towards their needs. Health care providers should understand and acknowledge the unique health needs of men who identify as Bears to better care for these men.