Effect of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes on salivary biomarkers: A systematic review.

Background: E-cigarette consumption is increasing, and like conventional smoking, it can cause some harmful effects. This systematic review compared the effect of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes on salivary biomarkers. Methods: The search strategies included electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE) and related journals up to May 2023. A qualitative assessment was performed on data extracted from the included studies. Seven studies were included in this systematic review (number of patients=563). Results: Eleven biomarkers were assessed and compared between e-cigarette and conventional cigarette smokers. The data showed that the different effects of electronic and conventional cigarettes on the level of these biomarkers were not achievable. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies (I2 statistic>90%), performing a meta-analysis was impossible. Even after a sub-group classification, homogeneous data were not achieved. Conclusion: The current data do not provide evidence of obtainable outcomes between conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes on salivary biomarkers.

The effect of three additives on properties of mineral trioxide aggregate cements: a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies.

BACKGROUND: Several efforts have been made to improve mechanical and biological properties of calcium silicate-based cements through changes in chemical composition of the materials. This study aimed to investigate the physical (including setting time and compressive strength) and chemical (including calcium ion release, pH level) properties as well as changes in cytotoxicity of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) after the addition of 3 substances including CaCl2, Na2HPO4, and propylene glycol (PG). METHODS: The systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Electronic searches were performed on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, spanning from 1993 to October 2023 in addition to manual searches. Relevant laboratory studies were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using modified ARRIVE criteria. Meta-analyses were performed by RevMan statistical software. RESULTS: From the total of 267 studies, 24 articles were included in this review. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that addition of PG increased final setting time and Ca2+ ion release. Addition of Na2HPO4 did not change pH and cytotoxicity but reduced the final setting time. Incorporation of 5% CaCl2 reduced the setting time but did not alter the cytotoxicity of the cement. However, addition of 10% CaCl2 reduced cell viability, setting time, and compressive strength. CONCLUSION: Inclusion of 2.5% wt. Na2HPO4 and 5% CaCl2 in MTA can be advisable for enhancing the physical, chemical, and cytotoxic characteristics of the admixture. Conversely, caution is advised against incorporating elevated concentrations of PG due to its retarding effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021253707.

Reconstruction of lingual sulcus in a severely atrophic mandible using a modified approach as a pre-prosthetic surgery: Case series.

Shallow lingual vestibule and lack of keratinized attached mucosa are considered risk factors for the long-term success of dental implants. This article describes a modified surgical approach accompanied by a free gingival graft to correct the shallow lingual/buccal vestibule and to increase the keratinized tissue around dental implants.

Comparison of peri-implant clinical outcomes of digitally customized and prefabricated abutments: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Digitally customized abutments are increasingly used in contemporary implant prosthodontics. PURPOSE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at comparing the peri-implant clinical outcomes of digitally customized and prefabricated abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search strategies included electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane clinical trials database) and related journals up to September, 2020. A qualitative and quantitative synthesis was performed on data extracted from the included studies. RESULTS: Three RCTs (number of patients = 120; number of dental implants = 120) and two prospective cohort studies (number of patients = 144; number of dental implants = 144) with one to three-year follow-up periods were included. The quantitative analyses did not demonstrate a significant difference between digitally customized and prefabricated abutments for peri-implant pocket depth (P = 0.62), plaque index (P = 0.67), bleeding on probing (P = 0.43), keratinized mucosa width (P = 0.75), and pink aesthetic score (P = 0.30) at one-year follow-up visit. The qualitative analyses for marginal bone level change, calculus accumulation, implant survival rate, implant success rate, white aesthetic score, and patient-reported outcomes did not demonstrate a significant difference between two groups during 1 to 3-year follow-up visits. CONCLUSION: The current data do not provide evidence of significant differences between two abutment fabrication methods in terms of peri-implant clinical outcomes within short-term period (CRD42020170807).