Psychoemotional Disorders and Sleep Impairments in Patients with COVID-19.

Objectives. To study the prevalence of anxious-depressive disorders and sleep impairments in their structure among patients hospitalized with the new coronavirus infections (COVID-19) and to develop differential guidelines for their treatment in COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods. This report presents preliminary results from our own observations. We report here analysis of data from 119 patients (age 47-69 years, male and female) obtained at detailed interviews, including using telemedicine technologies, with evaluation on the following scales: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) for subjective assessment of asthenia, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results. Results on the HADS indicated that clinically severe anxious-depressive symptomatology was seen in 33 of 119 patients (28%) hospitalized with diagnoses of COVID-19: of these, 11% of cases (n = 13) showed clinical signs of significant anxiety only, while five (4%) showed clinically significant depression and 13% displayed increases on both the anxiety and depression subscales (n = 15). Increases on the MFI-20 scale (>20 points) were seen in 87 patients (73%) and sleep impairments on the PSQI were recorded in 32 patients (27%). Conclusions. The results of this study showed that most patients with COVID-19 had not only depressive symptomatology, but also anxious and hypochondriac disorders, asthenic symptom complex, and sleep impairments with difficulty going to sleep and poor sleep quality. Differential guidelines were developed for the treatment of these states taking account of the side effects of the drugs prescribed, interactions between drugs, and the features of the patients' somatic condition. Drug selection must be based on the severity of the impairments found.

[COVID-19 effect on mental health and sleep disorders]. / Psikhoemotsional'nye rasstroistva i narusheniya sna u patsientov s COVID-19.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To study the prevalence of anxiety-depressive disorders and sleep disorders in their structure among patients hospitalized in connection with COVID-19, as well as to develop differentiated recommendations for their therapy in patients with new coronavirus infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this publication, the authors present preliminary results of their own observations of psychoemotional disorders and sleep disorders in their structure in patients with a new coronavirus infection. We analyzed the data of 119 patients (aged 47 to 69 years, male and female), conducted a detailed interview, including using telemedicine technologies, and assessed the scales: The hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), subjective the asthenia rating scale (MFI-20, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. RESULTS: According to the results of the HADS questionnaire, clinically pronounced anxiety-depressive symptoms were observed in 33 (28%) patients of 119 hospitalized in connection with the diagnosis of COVID-19. Of them, only clinically significant anxiety was recorded in 11% of cases (n=13), in 5 (4%) patients - clinically significant depression, an increase in both subscales of anxiety and depression - in 13% (n=15). An increase in the MFI-20 scale (more than 20 points) was found in 87 (73%) patients, sleep disorders in accordance with the PSQI questionnaire was recorded in 32 (27%) patients. CONCLUSION: According to the results of the study, it was noted that in most patients with COVID-19, along with a depressive symptom complex, anxiety and hypochondriacal disorders, an asthenic symptom complex, sleep disturbances with difficulty falling asleep, and dissatisfaction with the quality of sleep are recorded. Differentiated recommendations for the treatment of the studied conditions have been developed, taking into account the side effects of the prescribed drugs, drug interactions and the characteristics of the somatic status of patients. The choice of the drug should be based on the severity of the violations identified.

[Sleep disorders in patients with cervical dystonia]. / Narusheniya sna u patsientov s tservikal'noi distoniei.

AIM: To clarify the structure of sleep disorders in cervical dystonia and assess their relationship with anxiety and depressive disorders, as well as the impact on quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients diagnosed with cervical dystonia (CD) were examined using neurological and psychometric methods (HADS, HAM-D, TAS, SCID-II, SF-36, PSQI). Polysomnographic study was performed using a Somnolab 2 system (Weinmann, Germany). RESULTS: Nineteen patients (76%) from the total sample showed increases in anxiety and depression. Sleep disorders were detected in all patients diagnosed with anxiety and depressive disorders. According to questionnaires, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances were significantly correlated with patients' quality of life. The most common sleep disorders were intrasomic disorders (waking up during sleep) (n=19; 76%), less common were presomnic (n=8; 32%) and postsomnic (n=11; 44%). Motor symptoms caused sleep disturbances only in 10 patients (40%). The specific features of sleep disorders in patients with CD detected by polysomnography are a decrease in the representation of delta-sleep, along with an increase in the phase of REM sleep, compared to physiological normal values. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep disturbances (mainly frequent waking during sleep) are widely represented in patients with cervical dystonia, are comorbid to anxiety and depressive disorders and significantly correlate with the poorer quality of life.