Correction to: Sinus augmentation analysis of the gradient of graft consolidation: a split-mouth histomorphometric study.

Figure 1 was reused with permission from "Wiley", the publisher of a previous article by the same authors, DOI:10.1111/cid.12518.

Sinus augmentation analysis of the gradient of graft consolidation: a split-mouth histomorphometric study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to histomorphometrically test the hypothesis that graft consolidation originates from the sinus floor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, randomized split-mouth study investigated patients undergoing bilateral maxillary lateral sinus floor augmentation using either freeze-dried bone allografts (FDBAs) or biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bone substitute. Apico-coronal core biopsies were harvested during implant placement 9 months after sinus floor augmentation, processed for histological observation, and measured histomorphometrically. RESULTS: Biopsies were taken from 26 bilateral sites in 13 patients. The density of new bone (NB) decreased with increasing distance from the sinus floor. The percentage mean surface of NB ranged from 31 ± 9.5% at 2 mm from the sinus floor (G1) to 27.7 ± 11.2% at 4 mm (G2) for the FDBA specimens and from 30.0 ± 11.0% at G1 to 23.5 ± 9.9% at G2 for the BCP specimens. Evaluation of the residual graft particle (GP) area alone as a function of distance from the floor revealed a clear inverse gradient of 7.1 ± 6.6 to 9.1 ± 10.3 between G1 and G2 for the FDBA allografts, with the same tendency for the BCP alloplasts (21.9 ± 9.9 to 27.7 ± 6.6, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our results support the concept that osteogenesis initiates in regions proximal to the bony walls of the maxillary sinus and may be enhanced by them. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The nature of the grafting material had a greater influence on the degree of NB formation in regions distant from the native walls where there is reduced inherent osteogenic potential.

Comparison between mineralized cancellous bone allograft and an alloplast material for sinus augmentation: A split mouth histomorphometric study.

BACKGROUND: Several grafting materials have been used in sinus augmentation procedures including autogenous bone, demineralized freeze-dried bone, hydroxyapatite, ß-tricalcium phosphate, anorganic deproteinized bovine bone, and combination of these and others. Yet, the issue of the optimal graft material for sinus floor augmentation is controversial. PURPOSE: This prospective, randomized split-mouth study was undertaken to histomorphometrically compare a biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) alloplastic bone substitute and a human bone mineral allograft (freeze-dried bone allograft, FDBA) in patients undergoing bilateral maxillary lateral sinus floor augmentation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Apico-coronal core biopsies were harvested at 9 months from 26 bilateral sites in 13 treated patients. Specimens were processed for histological and histomorphometrical analyses. RESULTS: Newly formed bone (NB) was evident in all specimens with values of 27.5% and 24.0% at the FDBA and BCP sites, respectively (P = .331). The residual graft particle values were 12.5% and 25.4% (P = .001), and the connective tissue values were 60.0% and 50.6%, respectively. The osteoconductive value was 52.6% for the FDBA and 26.7% for the alloplast (P = .001). The values for the measured residual graft particles, connective tissue, and osteoconductivity, but not for NB, showed highly significant differences between the two groups. All sections in the alloplast material showed evidence of a light chronic inflammatory infiltrate, mainly comprising lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells. CONCLUSIONS: Both graft materials are suitable for sinus floor augmentation, with the allograft material being more osteoconductive.