Metabolic control and nocturnal enuresis in children with type 1 diabetes.

This study examined the relationship between metabolic control and enuresis in youths with type 1 diabetes. Participants were 203 youths with type 1 diabetes at an outpatient pediatric diabetes clinic. Outcome measures included HbA(lc), nocturia, blood glucose, polydipsia, frequency of daytime urination, and diabetic ketoacidosis. The mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of children with enuresis (FBG = 192 mg/dl) was significantly higher than that of children without enuresis (FBG = 160 mg/dl, p = .03). Differences in HbA(lc) levels between children with enuresis and those without enuresis approached significance (9.2% vs. 8.6%, p = .07). Findings indicate that metabolic control indices (FBG, HbA(1c), polyuria, and polydipsia) are related to nocturnal enuresis in youths with type 1 diabetes. Further studies should determine the mechanism by which this relationship occurs to initiate appropriate interventions.

Psychometric properties of the Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory with rural middle school and high school children.

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory (SESBI) in a rural sample of children and adolescents. Thirty-eight 5th- through 12th-grade teachers completed the SESBI on 726 children in their classrooms. High Cronbach's alphas supported the reliability of the SESBI scales in this population. Higher SESBI scores were obtained by boys than girls and by African American students than Caucasian students, more so at lower grades. Teacher's race did not affect SESBI scores. In contrast to children with developmental delay, children with learning disabilities obtained higher scores than others on the SESBI Intensity scale but not on the Problem scale. This suggests that teachers of children with learning disabilities recognize the higher frequency of problem behaviors in their students but do not consider these behaviors to be problems for themselves. On both SESBI scales, children with developmental delay were not distinguishable from peers without developmental delays.