Nutraceutical Eriocitrin (Eriomin) Reduces Hyperglycemia by Increasing Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 and Downregulates Systemic Inflammation: A Crossover-Randomized Clinical Trial.

This double-blind, randomized, placebo/controlled, crossover study evaluated the efficacy of Eriomin® in reducing hyperglycemia and improving diabetes-related biomarkers in individuals with hyperglycemia above 110 mg/dL (mean 123 ± 18 mg/dL). Subjects (n = 30), divided into two groups (Eriomin or Placebo), who received a dose of 200 mg/d of the designated supplement for 12 weeks and, after a washout period of 2 weeks, switched to the other supplement in the following 12 weeks. Assessments of biochemical, metabolic, inflammatory, blood pressure, anthropometry, and dietary parameters were performed at the beginning and end of each intervention. Treatment with 200 mg/d of Eriomin significantly decreased blood glucose (-5%), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (-11%), glucagon (-13%), interleukin-6 (-14%), tumor necrosis factor alpha (-20%), and alkaline phosphatase (-13%); but increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) by (17%) (P ≤ .05). At the end of the placebo period, there was a 13% increase in triglycerides (P ≤ .05). Other parameters evaluated did not change with Eriomin or placebo. In conclusion, intervention with Eriomin benefited the glycemic control of prediabetic and diabetic patients, with higher blood glucose levels, by increasing GLP-1 and decreasing systemic inflammation.

Ameliorating effects of metabolic syndrome with the consumption of rich-bioactive compounds fruits from Brazilian Cerrado: a narrative review.

Evidence suggests that bioactive compounds present in fruits and vegetables, including carotenoids, polyphenols, and phytosterols, may have beneficial effects against the development of obesity and other diseases. The fruits of the Brazilian Cerrado are rich in biologically active compounds but are underexplored by the population being used only locally dietary consumption. The objective of this review is to direct attention to the bioactive compounds already elucidated for the fruits of "Cerrado" cashew (Anacadium othanianum Rizz.), baru almond (Dipteryx alata Vogel), cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.), "Cerrado" pear (Eugenia klotzschiana Berg), mangaba (Hancornia speciosa), and pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb), demonstrating possible metabolic effects of the consumption of these fruits on the metabolic syndrome and its risk factors. Studies have shown that Cerrado native fruits have a high content of bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, which also demonstrate high antioxidant capacity and may be related to the protective effect in metabolic syndrome-related diseases by act as inhibitors in various processes in lipid metabolism and glucose transport. Although more scientific evidence is still needed, the consumption of native fruits from the Cerrado seems to be a promising strategy which -along with other strategies such as nutritional therapy- can ameliorate the effects of the metabolic syndrome.

Efeito de diferentes doses de leucina sobre as reservas glicogênicas da musculatura esquelética desnervada de ratos / Effect of different dose of leucine on glycogen reserves from denervated skeletal muscle of rats

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar o efeito de diferentes doses de leucina sobre as reservas glicogênicas do músculo esquelético de ratos desnervados. Foram utilizados 36 ratos Wistar com 3 a 4 meses, pesando entre 200 e 300g sendo mantidos em condições controladas de bioterismo. Os animais foram distribuídos em grupo experimentais denominados controle(C); desnervados(D); tratados com aminoácido leucina em três doses 5mM(CL5); 1,25mM(CL1,25) e 0,30mM(CL0,30); desnervado tratado com 0,30mM(DL0,30). A suplementação da leucina foi feita por gavagem e a desnervação foi realizada pela secção do nervo isquiático. As análises do conteúdo de glicogênio foram realizadas em amostras dos músculos sóleo(S), gastrocnemio branco(GB) e vermelho(GV). O músculo S apresentou redução no glicogênio tanto em CL5(-42,8%) quanto em CL1,25(-33%) e aumento na dose CL0,30(+38%). É possível que a baixas doses de leucina tenham estimulado a secreção de insulina, promovendo aumento na velocidade de captação de glicose pelos tecidos periféricos de 11.2±0,3%/min C para14,16±0,2%/min no grupo tratado com CL0,30...

The aim of this study was to investigate the action of different doses of leucine on the dynamics of glycogen reserves of denervated skeletal muscle of rats. Wistar rats aged 3 to 4 months, weighing between 200 and 300g being kept under controlled conditions Biotery. The animals were divided into experimental group called control (C), denervated (D) treated with amino acid leucine in three doses 5nm(CL5), 1.25 mM (CL1,25) and 0.30mM(CL0,30), denervated treated with 0.30mM(DL0,30). Supplementation was performed by gavage and denervation was performed by sectioning the sciatic nerve. The analysis of the content of glycogen was performed on samples of the soleus(S), gastrocnemius white(GW)and red(GR). The muscle was lower in S glycogen (-33% and -42,8%), both in CL1,25 and CL5 and increased in a dose CL0,30(+38%), possibly due to act upon this low dose of insulin secretagogue, promoting an increase in the rate of glucose uptake by peripheral tissues (11,2± 0,3%/min C x 14,16 ±0,2%/min CL0,30)...

Propriedades glicostáticas de eritrócitos de ratos tratados com dexametasona / Glucostatic properties of erythrocytes from rats treated with dexamethasone

Objetivos: analisar as propriedades glicostáticas in vitro e in vivo de eritrócitos de ratos submetidos ao tratamento com dexametasona. Métodos: foram utilizados para o experimento 20 ratos machos Wistar, separados em dois grupos com 10 animais cada, sendo um grupo controle e um tratado com dexametasona (1 mg/kg/dia por via intraperitoneal, cinco dias). Após o tratamento, os ratos foram anestesiados para que fosse coletado sangue de diferentes locais do leito vascular arterial e venoso, no intuito de avaliar a glicemia e as reservas de glicogênio in vivo. Para o estudo in vitro o sangue foi coletado da veia renal, sendo que os eritrócitos foram isolados, incubados e examinados. Os dados foram analisados por meio da correlação de Spearman e teste t de Student. Considerou-se o nível de significância de p menor que 0,05. Resultados: os eritrócitos normais apresentaram diferença glicêmica arteriovenosa significativa de até 56% no leito venoso, sendo que o glicogênio apresentou-se 44% maior na veia supra-hepática. Após a administração de dexametasona, a glicemia mostrou-se 34% maior no leito venoso e o glicogênio 42% menor na veia porta. No experimento in vitro, verificou-se que as propriedades glicostáticas não foram comprometidas na presença da dexametasona.Conclusões: o tratamento com dexametasona modifica a glicemia mas não interfere nas funções glicostáticas eritrocitárias.

Aims: To analyze in vitro and in vivo glucostatic properties of erythrocytes of rats subjected to treatment with dexamethasone.Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were used, divided into two groups of 10 animals, with one control group and one group treated with dexamethasone (1 mg/kg/day by intraperitoneal route, for five days). After treatment, the animals were anesthetized and blood samples were collected from arterial and venous vascular system in order to evaluate in vivo glucose levels and glycogen reserve. For the in vitro analysis, blood was collected from renal vein, and erythrocytes were isolated, incubated, and examined. Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation and Student t test. The significance level for p-value was 0.05.Results: The normal erythrocytes showed significant arteriovenous blood glucose difference of 56% in the venous system, and glycogen was 44% higher in supra-hepatic vein. In the presence of dexamethasone, blood glucose were 34% higher in the venous system and glycogen 42% lower in the portal vein. The glucostatic properties of erythrocytes have not been compromised in the presence of dexamethasone in the in vitro study.Conclusions: Treatment with dexamethasone affects blood glucose levels but does not interfere with glucostatic functions of erythrocytes.