Reuse of healing abutments: Ethical, biological and professional training implications.

Background: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of reuse of healing abutments, the methods used in disinfection and to analyze the reasons that lead to the reuse of these components by professionals who work in rehabilitation with dental implants. Material and Methods: For this, an online data collection was carried out through a questionnaire developed in Google Forms. This questionnaire was applied to 284 specialists in implantology, randomized, of the 1,147 registered in the Regional Council of Dentistry of Rio Grande do Sul. The questionnaire was divided into three parts: the first containing the Free and Informed Consent Form; the second referring to the correspondents' demographic data; and the third part with information on reuse, disinfection and sterilization routines used, risk perception and information from manufacturers. To estimate the prevalence in the reuse of healing abutments by implantologists, the frequency of responses was used. Results: The results showed that almost all implantologists reuse healing abutments (98.1%). The main reasons for reuse were cost (71.2%) and practicality (26%). Regarding the limitations, 53.3% do not see limitations in its reuse, 20% associate it with increased roughness, 17.8% with the accumulation of organic matter and 8.9% with cross-infection as limitations for reuse. Already 95.3% did not receive any guidance from manufacturers on the reuse of these components. Enzymatic detergent and ultrasonic bath was the most used cleaning method (50.7%) followed by ultrasonic bath (23.3%). Autoclave was the method used for sterilization for all respondents. Conclusions: The reuse of healing abutments is a practice adopted by implantologists in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and most professionals do not observe limitations in this practice since these components are used repeatedly. Decontamination with enzymatic detergent and an ultrasonic bath is the most commonly used procedure associated with autoclave sterilization. Key words:Abutment, reuse, decontamination, sterilization.

Prevalence and severity of tooth wear and risk factors among young adults in Southern Brazil / Prevalência e gravidade do desgaste dentário e fatores de risco entre adultos jovens no sul do Brasil

Introduction: In studies on the prevalence of tooth wear, few publications related to young adults are found. Ob-jectives: To explore the associations of behavioral, me-dical, and socio-demographic variables with prevalence and severity of tooth wear of the whole dentition, in a sample of young adults, using a modified version of the Tooth Wear Index (TWI). Methods: Sample consisted of 116 university dental students with an average age of 23 years, who answered a questionnaire related to sociode-mographic variables, self-perception and health behaviors. In addition, individuals underwent a clinical evaluation of tooth wear by one trained examiner using the TWI modified by Smith and Knight. Logistic regression was carried out at individual level. Results: A total of 9,906 dental surfaces in 116 individuals were examined, 72.27 % dental surfaces had no tooth wear (grade 0), but all individuals had at least one worn surface. Among the individuals, 78,4 % had grade 1 (enamel) as the highest level and 21.6% grade 2 (dentin) as the highest level. The presence of grade 2 tooth wear was mainly prevalent in the following individuals: male; smoker; with bruxism, and among those who reported having undergone or-thodontic treatment. Analyzing the relevant factors that affect tooth wear by multiple regression analysis, it was found that smoking (OR 6.67; IC 1.73- 25.76) and bruxism (grinding) (OR 4.05; IC 1.29- 12.7) had the greatest effect on tooth wear. Conclusions: Our results suggest that being male, being a current smoker, having grinding bruxism and having previous orthodontic treatment are associated with tooth wear.

Introdução: Nos estudos de prevalência em desgaste dental encontramos poucos trabalhos relacio-nados com adultos jovens. Objetivos: Explorar a associação de variáveis comportamentais, médicas e sociodemográficas com desgaste dentário em uma amostra de adultos jovens, utilizando uma versão modificada do índice Tooth Wear Index (TWI). Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 116 estudantes universitários de Odontologia, com média de 23.3 anos de idade, que responderam a um questionário relacionado às variáveis sociodemográficas, de autopercepção e comportamentais em saúde. Além disso, esses indivíduos foram submetidos a avaliação clínica do desgaste dental por um examinador treinado usando o TWI modificado por Smith e Knight. Regressão logística foi realizada em nível indivi-dual. Resultados: Um total de 9.906 superfícies dentárias em 116 indivíduos foram examinadas, 72,27% das superfícies não apresentavam desgaste dentário (grau 0), mas todos os indivíduos apresentavam pelo menos uma superfície desgastada. Dentre os indivíduos 78,4% apresentaram grau 1 (esmalte) como o nível mais alto e 21,6% grau 2 (dentina) como o mais alto. A presença de desgaste dentário de grau 2 foi principalmente prevalente nos seguintes indivíduos: sexo masculino; fumante; com bruxismo, e entre aqueles que relataram ter realizado tratamento ortodôntico. Analisando os fatores relevantes que afetam o desgaste dentário por análise de regressão múltipla, se verificou que tabagismo (OR = 6,67; IC 1,73-25,76) e bruxismo (OR = 4,05; IC 1,29-12,7) tiveram o maior efeito associado sobre o des-gaste dentário. Conclusões: Nossos resultados sugerem que ser do sexo masculino, tabagista, relatar bruxismo e ter realizado tratamento ortodôntico prévio está associado ao desgaste dentário.

Association between oxidative stress and temporomandibular joint dysfunction: A narrative review.

BACKGROUND: The role of oxidative stress in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) has been studied using synovial fluid, to evaluate oxidative stress (im)balance and its potential role in the onset and/or progression of the disease. OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to evaluate the association between oxidative stress markers and the etiopathogenesis of TMJ dysfunction by means of synovial fluid analysis. METHODS: Two independent reviewers searched the electronic databases from inception to March 2019: PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, EMBASE, TRIPDATABASE, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. The following key search terms were used: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders OR Temporomandibular Joint Disc OR Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome OR Temporomandibular Joint OR Facial Pain AND Free Radicals OR Oxidative Stress. Data were extracted from the selected articles, including study design, sample profile, TMJ disease reported, diagnostic method, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species evaluated, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants evaluated, and techniques used to measure free radicals and antioxidants. RESULTS: After title and abstract screening of 6974 results, and full-text reading, 19 studies were included. All selected articles were cross-sectional observational studies. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defences appeared to be reduced in these patients, resulting in the establishment of the oxidative stress process. In addition, the studies showed a positive correlation between the severity of the intra-articular TMD and the increase in oxidative damage. CONCLUSION: The establishment of oxidative stress, whether by an increase in reactive oxygen/nitrogen species or by a decrease in antioxidant defences, or a combination of both, may be associated with the establishment and maintenance of intra-articular damage.

Longevity and marginal bone loss of narrow-diameter implants supporting single crowns: A systematic review.

PURPOSE: To compare the longevity and marginal bone loss of narrow-diameter (≤3.3-mm) versus standard-diameter implants supporting single crowns. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and SciELO databases were searched for relevant publications. In addition, the scientific references provided by each of the implant companies that appeared in the search were reviewed. Intervention studies comparing longevity and bone loss between narrow-diameter and standard-diameter implants were included. RESULTS: The search was limited to in vivo studies in humans. The query returned 1931 results, of which 4 met the inclusion criteria. The implant success rate ranged from 93.8% to 100% over a maximum follow-up of 3 years, with no difference between narrow- and standard-diameter implants. Meta-analysis of all included studies showed greater bone loss in narrow-diameter implants as compared with standard ones; however, when analysis was restricted to randomized trials, no such difference was present. CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis showed no difference in longevity between narrow implants and standard implants when supporting single crowns. However, narrow-diameter implants may be associated with greater marginal bone loss. These findings should be regarded cautiously due to the short follow-up duration and methodological heterogeneity of the primary studies.

Effectiveness of the Distance Learning Strategy Applied to Orthodontics Education: A Systematic Literature Review.

Introduction: Tele-education refers to the use of interactive distance learning technologies. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of tele-education in the field of orthodontics.Methods: This systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO and followed PRISMA guidelines. Two independent researchers reviewed the literature available in the databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Bireme, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, TRIP, SCIELO, LILAS, SCIENCEDIRECT, and Google Scholar using the following descriptors: "Education, Distance" OR "e-learning" AND "Orthodontics," including only interventional studies. The descriptive synthesis was conducted according to the Center for Reviews and Dissemination. The analysis of the biases was conducted using the MINORS protocol, and the analysis of the interventions using Kirkpatrick's method was evaluated.Results: Of the 15 remaining articles for complete reading, 4 were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria, leaving 11 articles for evaluation in the systematic review. Eight articles emphasized the evaluation of the distance education materials available, achieving a high percentage of acceptability among students, two cited only satisfaction, and one article evaluated the practical performance of the students.Conclusion: The results showed that orthodontic distance learning is an effective but complementary element, with no significant differences, to the traditional method of teaching.

Impacts of Orthognathic Surgery on Patient Satisfaction, Overall Quality of Life, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Literature Review.

Several treatments have been suggested to correct dentofacial abnormalities, including orthognathic surgery. The aim of the present systematic review was to assess the impact of orthognathic surgery on patient satisfaction, overall quality of life, quality of life related to oral health-and to orthognathic surgery in particular-among adult patients. Two investigators independently reviewed the available literature in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, EMBASE, Trip, and Google Scholar (gray literature) based on the keywords "orthognathic surgery" and "quality of life." An analysis of bias was performed based on the MINORS (methodological index for nonrandomized studies). A total of 245 relevant studies were retrieved from the databases, and 6 additional studies were located after a manual search of the references. Following selection based on titles, abstracts, and full-text analysis, 30 studies were included in the present systematic review. To evaluate quality of life before and after orthognathic surgery, 12 studies applied the surgery-related Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ), 12 used the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), and 4 used the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Orthognathic surgery results in improvements in quality of life both physically and psychosocially after surgery and is associated with high rates of patient satisfaction.

Does the Misfit Volume of Prosthetic Crowns Differ Before and After Ceramic Application? An In Vitro Radiographic Microtomography Analysis.

PURPOSE: To estimate the misfit volume of zirconia vs metal-ceramic crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five specimens were fabricated from zirconia and five from nichrome (metal-ceramic). Microcomputed tomography techniques were used to obtain volumetric reconstructions of misfit volume before and after ceramic application. RESULTS: The mean misfit volume for metal-ceramic crowns was 8.80 mm3, and for zirconia crowns was 6.76 mm3 (P = .003, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.714 to 3.358). Misfit volume also did not differ significantly before and after ceramic application (metal-ceramic, P = .375, 95% CI 0.513 to 1.363; zirconia, P = .253, 95% CI 0.257 to 0.977). CONCLUSION: Zirconia crowns had a smaller mean misfit volume than metal-ceramic crowns. The change in misfit volume after ceramic application was minimal and unlikely to be of clinical relevance.

Rehabilitation of the Edentulous Mandible with an Immediately Loaded Full-Arch Fixed Prosthesis Supported by Three Implants: A 5-Year Retrospective Analysis.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of full-arch mandibular rehabilitation with fixed prostheses supported by three immediately loaded implants after at least 5 years of follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 58 patients who underwent treatment with immediate loading. Radiographic evaluation of bone loss was carried out in Adobe Photoshop CS5 by a single calibrated examiner using digitized panoramic radiographs. Clinical examination of the technical conditions of the prosthetic device assessed the condition of the acrylic resin base, dental occlusion, metal framework, presence of cover screws, screw fixation of the prosthesis and abutments, and length of cantilever and resistance arms. RESULTS: Five implants in four patients failed, for an overall success rate of 97.13%. Mean bone loss was 2.65 ± 1.06 mm around central implants and 2.11 ± 0.84 mm around distal implants. The most common complication was loss of abutment torque. Half of all patients in the sample experienced some prosthetic complication. There was no evidence of a statistically significant relationship of cantilever length with bone loss or prosthetic complications. CONCLUSION: The immediately loaded three-implant-supported fixed prosthesis protocol tested in this study proved to be a viable therapeutic strategy for mandibular rehabilitation in edentulous patients, with favorable outcomes after 5 years of clinical and radiographic follow-up.

Satisfaction of Primary Healthcare Dentists after the Completion of a Distance Learning Course in Pediatric Dentistry.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to assess the level of satisfaction of dentists working in primary healthcare (PHC) with a Distance learning (DL) course in pediatric dentistry offered by the TeleHealthRS center, and to the investigate possible associations between the variables indicative of their satisfaction and their performance on the questionnaires applied before and after the course. METHODS: The course was offered in 2015 by the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) together with the TeleHealthRS center in Brazil. Data were collected on the participants' personal and professional profile, their pre- and post-course knowledge about pediatric dentistry, and their satisfaction with the course. Student's t-test and the ANOVA test were used to assess the possible associations between the variables indicative of their satisfaction and their performance on the questionnaires applied before and after the course. RESULTS: Overall, the participants were satisfied with the course, however, no statistically significant association was found between the variables indicative of their satisfaction and the grades they earned on the pre- and post-course questionnaires. CONCLUSION: The available pediatric dentistry course received positive evaluations from the participants, constituting a possible strategy for the qualification of primary care dentists. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the expectations of DL course participants, aiming to enhance the quality of future editions of this learning modality for pediatric dentistry contents.

Masticatory satisfaction, ability, and performance in partially dentate patients after periodontal therapy / Satisfação, capacidade e performance mastigatória em pacientes parcialmente dentados após terapia periodontal

Introduction: Understanding the effects of periodontal therapy is essential in performance and satisfaction of partially dentate patients. Objective: To assess the effect of subgingival periodontal treatment in performance and masticatory satisfaction and ability as reported by partially dentate patients with untreated chronic periodontitis. Materials and method: Patients were given nonsurgical periodontal treatment and masticatory satisfaction, ability, and performance were evaluated before and after treatment. Performance was assessed based on sieving chewed standardized chewable material, while satisfaction and ability were analyzed using a questionnaire based on OHIP-EDENT. Result: Mean numbers of functional tooth units were 10.36 ± 1.43 anterior and 6.73 ± 0.79 posterior teeth. Masticatory performance did not vary significantly (p = 0.075), and mean particle sizes before and after treatment were 4.23 ± 1.84 mm and 3.90 ± 0.75 mm, respectively. Overall satisfaction and ability scores after treatment were higher (p > 0.05) compared with scores prior to the periodontal intervention. Conclusion: Periodontal treatment improves masticatory satisfaction and ability with no effect on performance.

Introdução: Entender os efeitos da terapia periodontal é fator essencial no desempenho e satisfação de pacientes parcialmente dentados. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do tratamento periodontal subgengival na performance ao mastigar e na satisfação e capacidade mastigatória auto-reportadas em pacientes parcialmente dentados. Material e método: Pacientes parcialmente dentados com periodontite crônica não tratada (n=11) receberam tratamento periodontal não-cirúrgico e tiveram a sua satisfação, capacidade e performance mastigatória aferidas antes e após o tratamento. A performance mastigatória foi aferida objetivamente pelo método da peneiragem de um alimento simulado após mastigação seguida da medição do tamanho das partículas. Resultado: A satisfação e a capacidade mastigatória foram mensuradas a partir de um questionário com base no OHIP-EDENT. O número médio de unidades funcionais anteriores foi de 10,36 ± 1,43 e posteriores de 6,73 ± 0,79, sem alterações após o tratamento. A performance mastigatória não apresentou diferença (p = 0,075) (tamanhos de partícula 4,23 ± 1,84 mm e 3,90 ± 0,75 mm antes e após o tratamento periodontal, respectivamente). A satisfação e a capacidade mastigatória apresentaram valores após o tratamento periodontal superiores (p > 0,05) em comparação aos valores prévios aos tratamentos. Conclusão: O tratamento periodontal, considerando a manutenção dos pares funcionais do início do tratamento, promove uma melhoria na satisfação e capacidade mastigatória auto-reportadas, sem afetar a performance mastigatória.

Aplicativos móveis para ensino e assistência odontológica: uma revisão integrativa / Mobile applications for dental education and assistance: an integrative review

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o estado da arte atual e as tendências de pesquisas que utilizam aplicativos móveis na Odontologia por meio de uma revisão integrativa. Realizaram-se buscas nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e PubMed, utilizando os termos "mobile application", "Dentistry" e "informatics", e no Google Acadêmico, para abarcar a literatura cinza, com os mesmos termos na língua portuguesa, sem período de tempo determinado. Os títulos e resumos de todos os artigos encontrados foram lidos por dois pesquisadores de forma independente. Foram incluídas pesquisas oriundas de dados primários e que estivessem relacionados apenas à saúde bucal, cujo meio de informação fosse smartphones, nas línguas inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola. Além disso, os artigos publicados em periódicos científicos foram analisados em relação aos itens atribuídos no checklist do STROBE Statement. Foram encontrados 911 estudos. Após a leitura de todos os títulos e resumos, foram excluídos 897, totalizando 14 estudos para leitura na íntegra. Nove artigos foram incluídos no estudo, classificados em estudos com foco profissional (6) e estudos com foco acadêmico (3). Os dados descritos nos estudos deixam claro a crescente adoção do uso dos aplicativos como recursos educacionais e assistenciais. A criação de aplicativos móveis direcionados à Odontologia é apropriada, tanto no ensino, como uma nova possibilidade de construir conhecimento, quanto para o uso profissional, já que é inegável a disseminação global do uso de dispositivos móveis (AU).

This study aimed to identify the current state of the art and trends of research using mobile applications in Dentistry through an integrative review. SciELO, LILACS and PubMed databases, using the terms "mobile application", "Dentistry" and "informatics", and in Google Scholar, to cover the gray literature, with the same terms in the Portuguese language, without time limitation were searched. The titles and abstracts of all articles found were read independently by two researchers. Studies based on primary data that were related only to oral health, whose medium of information was smartphones, in the English, Portuguese and Spanish languages were included. Also, articles published in scientific journals were analyzed in relation to the items assigned in the STROBE Statement checklist. There were 911 studies. After reading all the titles and abstracts, 897 were excluded, totaling 14 studies for reading in full. Nine articles were included in the study, classified in studies with a professional focus (6) and studies with an academic focus (3). The data described in the studies have shown the increasing adoption the applications use as educational and assistance resources. The creation of mobile applications directed to Dentistry is appropriate, both in teaching, as a new possibility to build knowledge, and for professional use, since the global dissemination of the use of mobile devices is undeniable (AU).

Clinical and Radiographic Assessment of Three-Implant-Supported Fixed-Prosthesis Rehabilitation of the Edentulous Mandible: Immediate Versus Delayed Loading.

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of mandibular rehabilitation with fixed prostheses on three implants with immediate versus delayed loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 21 patients who underwent treatment with immediate loading and 23 who received delayed loading. All had worn their prostheses for at least 18 months. Radiographic evaluation of bone loss was carried out in Adobe Photoshop CS5 by a single calibrated examiner using digitized panoramic radiographs. Clinical examination of the technical conditions of the prosthetic device assessed the condition of the acrylic resin base, dental occlusion, metal framework, presence of cover screws, screw fixation of the prosthesis and abutments, length of cantilever (effort) and resistance arms, presence of plaque on prosthetic abutments, and hygiene of the prosthesis. RESULTS: One implant failed in each group, resulting in a 95.23% treatment success rate with immediate loading and 95.65% with delayed loading (no statistically significant between-group difference). In the immediate-loading group, the mean bone loss was 1.96 ± 0.73 mm around central implants and 1.64 ± 0.84 mm at distal implants. In the delayed-loading group, the mean bone loss was 1.85 ± 0.67 mm around central implants and 1.70 ± 0.77 mm at distal implants. According to Student t test, there was no significant within-group difference in bone loss and no difference between the immediate-loading and delayed-loading groups. The only prosthesis-related complications that differed significantly between groups were "condition of the acrylic base," "occlusion," and "presence of right cover screw." There was no statistically significant association of lever arm ratio with peri-implant bone loss or bone loss on the mesial surfaces compared to the distal surfaces of the distal implants. CONCLUSION: The three-implant-supported fixed prosthesis protocol tested in this study proved to be a viable therapeutic strategy for mandibular edentulous patients with maxillary complete dentures, regardless of whether loading was immediate or delayed, with no difference in peri-implant bone loss.

Reabilitação oral de paciente com fissura palatina e ausência de pré-maxila / Oral rehabilitation of a cleft palate patient without premaxillary bone ­ a clinical report

As fissuras labiopalatais são malformações faciais com sequelas funcionais e estéticas que causam grande impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O tratamento desses indivíduos requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar, incluindo tratamento plástico cirúrgico, fonoaudiológico e psicológico, além das intervenções odontológicas, ortodônticas e protéticas. Este relato de caso apresentou a reabilitação protética de uma paciente de 57 anos com fissura palatina anterior, com remoção da pré-maxila. Após vários tratamentos, a paciente ainda não havia sido reabilitada, apresentando deformidades provenientes dos tratamentos anteriores incompletos. Uma prótese parcial removível retida por dentes e implantes osseointegrados foi executada, promovendo a melhora na aparência facial, na função mastigatória, na fala e, consequentemente, na qualidade de vida da paciente.

Cleft lip and palate, which is a facial malformation with both functional and aesthetic characteristics, may have a large impact on the lives of those affected. Its correction requires an interdisciplinary approach, which includes surgical, orthodontic and prosthetic treatments. This clinical report presents the prosthetic rehabilitation of a 57-year-old woman with an anterior cleft palate defect that had not been closed completely with surgical repair. In this way, an implant-supported, retained removable partial prosthesis was delivered to improve the patient's facial aspect, masticatory function, speech, and her quality of life.

Evaluation of 1211 third molars positions according to the Classification of Winter, Pell & Gregory / Evaluación de posiciones de 1211 terceros molares acorde a la Clasificación de Winter, Pell & Gregory

Panoramic radiographs are important for the evaluation and classification of the third molars position, allowing the diagnosis and planning of extraction. The objective of this study is to evaluate upper and lower third molars positions in panoramic radiographs with the classification methods proposed by Pell and Gregory (1933) and Winter (1926) and the subsequent comparison of results with other authors. Panoramic radiographs of 310 patients were analyzed, 197 female and 113 male, totaling 1,211 third molars. In relation to the upper third molars, the most prevalent positions were: angle compared to the long axis of the second molar of Distoangular form (53.23 %) and the depth of impaction as Class C (48.25 %). In the lower third molars, the most prevalent positions were: angle to the long axis of the second molar in Mesioangular classification (52.96 %), the depth of impaction was B (46.54 %) and the tooth relationship with the mandibular ramus was identified as class I (55.26 %). These results provide information that can be utilized in predicting third molar development in terms of impaction or eruption, assisting dental surgeons in making decisions regarding surgical planning and treatment.

Las radiografías panorámicas son importantes para la evaluación y clasificación de la posición de los terceros molares, lo que permite el diagnóstico y la planificación de la extracción. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar terceros molares superiores e inferiores y posiciones en las radiografías panorámicas con los métodos de clasificación propuestas por Pell & Gregory, y Winter y la posterior comparación de los resultados con otros autores. Se analizaron las radiografías panorámicas de 310 pacientes, 197 mujeres y 113 hombres, con un total de 1.211 terceros molares. En relación con los terceros molares superiores, las posiciones más prevalentes fueron: ángulo con respecto al eje longitudinal del segundo molar de forma distoangular (53,23 %) y la profundidad de la impactación como Clase C (48,25 %). En los terceros molares inferiores, las posiciones más prevalentes fueron: ángulo con respecto al eje longitudinal del segundo molar en la clasificación mesioangular (52,96 %), la profundidad de impactación fue de B (46,54 %) y la relación de los dientes con la rama mandibular fue identificado como Clase I (55,26 %). Estos resultados proporcionan información que puede ser utilizada para predecir el desarrollo del tercer molar en términos de compactación o erupción, ayudando a los cirujanos dentistas en la toma de decisiones respecto a la planificación y el tratamiento quirúrgico.

Impact of Cleft Lip and Palate on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQOL) in Brazilian Patients

Objective: To evaluate self-esteem, satisfaction with facial aesthetics and the impact of oral health on the quality of life of patients with cleft lip and palate aged from 12 years treated at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC), Brazil. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients (n=94) with cleft lip and palate, aged 12 years and older, treated at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Brazil. The instruments used in this study were: Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP), and a visual analogue scale of self-perceived facial aesthetics were applied, and socioeconomic and contextual data were collected from all patients. The statistical analysis included Poisson regression with robust variance (RR ­ rate ratio) and it was performed to evaluate the association between predictors and the outcome oral health related-quality of life. Results: Worse OHRQoL was reported by female patients (RR 1.21; 95%CI: 1.09-1.35) and older individuals (RR 1.25; 95%CI:1.13- 1.39). Conclusion: The presence of cleft lip and palate has a negative impact on OHRQoL. Females and older individuals reported worse qualify of life.

Remoção cirúrgica de dentes impactados em posições atípicas / Surgical removal of atypically positioned impacted teeth

Removal of impacted teeth may pose major challenges to the dental surgeon and requires careful surgical planning. The present series describes three clinical cases subjected to surgical extraction of atypically positioned impacted teeth with successful outcomes and no complications. The approach adopted in each case is discussed (AU).

Devido à complexidade para remoção que algumas impactações dentárias podem apresentar, o cirurgião deve estar atento no momento do planejamento cirúrgico. Esta série de 3 casos clínicos mostra o manejo cirúrgico de dentes impactados em posições atípicas que foram tratados com sucesso e sem complicações e discute a forma de abordagem de cada caso (AU).

Surgical Treatment of Condylar Hyperplasia Associated with Dentofacial Deformity: Low Condylectomy, Articular Disc Repositioning, and Orthognathic Surgery / Tratamiento Quirúrgico de Hiperplasia Condilar Asociado a la Deformidad Dentofacial: Condilectomía Baja, Reposicionamiento del Disco Articular y Cirugía Ortognática

Due to the complexity of the treatment of condylar hyperplasia associated with dentofacial deformities and its complications, if left untreated, the surgeon should be alert to these factors at the time of surgical planning to tailor the optimal therapy for an individual patient. This case report describes a patient with right condylar hyperplasia associated with dentofacial deformity who was treated surgically with low condylectomy, articular disc repositioning and anchoring, and orthognathic surgery, concomitantly, with stable results, satisfactory occlusion and facial harmony.

Debido a la complejidad del tratamiento de la hiperplasia condilar asociada con deformidades dentofaciales y sus complicaciones, si no se trata, el cirujano debe estar alerta ante estos factores en el momento de la planificación quirúrgica para adaptar la terapia óptima para cada paciente. Este caso describe un paciente con hiperplasia condilar derecha asociada con la deformidad dentofacial que fue tratado quirúrgicamente con condilectomía baja, reposicionamiento y anclaje del disco articular, y la cirugía ortognática, concomitantemente, con resultados estables, oclusión satisfactoria y armonía facial.

Wear Potential of Dental Ceramics and its Relationship with Microhardness and Coefficient of Friction.

PURPOSE: To evaluate, by means of pin-on-disk testing, the wear potential of different dental ceramic systems as it relates to friction parameters, surface finish, and microhardness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three groups of different ceramic systems (Noritake EX3, Eris, Empress II) with 20 disks each (10 glazed, 10 polished) were used. Vickers microhardness (Hv) was determined with a 200-g load for 30 seconds. Friction coefficients (µ) were determined by pin-on-disk testing (5 N load, 600 seconds, and 120 rpm). Wear patterns were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test, with the significance level set at α = 0.05. RESULTS: The coefficients of friction were as follows: Noritake EX3 0.28 ± 0.12 (polished), 0.33 ± 0.08 (glazed); Empress II 0.38 ± 0.08 (polished), 0.45 ± 0.05 (glazed); Eris 0.49 ± 0.05 (polished), 0.49 ± 0.06 (glazed). Microhardness measurements were as follows: Noritake EX3 530.7 ± 8.7 (polished), 525.9 ± 6.2 (glazed); Empress II 534.1 ± 8 (polished), 534.7 ± 4.5 (glazed); Eris, 511.7 ± 6.5 (polished), 519.5 ± 4.1 (glazed). The polished and glazed Noritake EX3 and polished and glazed Eris specimens showed statistically different friction coefficients. SEM image analysis revealed more surface changes, such as small cracks and grains peeling off, in glazed ceramics. CONCLUSIONS: Wear potential may be related to the coefficient of friction in Noritake ceramics, which had a lower coefficient than Eris ceramics. Within-group analysis showed no differences in polished or glazed specimens. The differences observed were not associated with microhardness.

Effect of raloxifene on alveolar bone resorption after mucoperiosteal fl ap surgery in mice / Efeito do raloxifeno sobre reabsorção óssea alveolar após cirurgia de retalho mucoperiosteal em camundongos

Background: Mucoperiosteal fl ap surgeries (MFS) are carried out to provide access to the alveolar bone and root surfaces in several clinical situations. Nevertheless, they lead to a variable degree of alveolar bone resorption. Raloxifene is an agonist in bone, and acts inhibiting bone loss. Objective: To evaluate the effect of raloxifene in preventing alveolar bone resorption after MFS using an experimental model of mouse mandibles. Methods: MFS was performed on the buccal aspect of the left side of the mandible (BL) in 20 male CF1 Musdomesticus mice divided into two groups with the same number of animals: the experimental group was treated once daily with raloxifene injections (3 mg/kg), and the placebo group was treated with daily injections of the vehicle. The buccal aspects of right hemimandibles were used as controls (BR). Mandibles were removed, defl eshed and stained with toluidine blue in a stereomicroscope. Digital images were obtained and the alveolar bone loss was measured (mm²) using an image analysis software. Results: The BL area exhibited signifi cantly more bone loss (Student t test; p < 0.01) when compared to the BR area, in both groups. No statistically signifi cant difference was observed between the experimental and the placebo groups. Conclusion: In this study, raloxifene did not inhibit alveolar bone resorption following MFS in male mice.

Introdução: Cirurgias de retalho mucoperiosteal (CRM) são realizadas para permitir acesso ao osso alveolar e à superfície radicular em várias situações clínicas. No entanto, elas levam a um grau variável de reabsorção óssea alveolar. O raloxifeno tem ação agonista em tecido ósseo e atua inibindo perda óssea. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do raloxifeno na prevenção de reabsorção óssea alveolar após CRM usando o modelo experimental de mandíbulas de camundongos. Métodos: Foram realizadas CRMs na face vestibular, lado esquerdo, das mandíbulas (VE) de 20 camundongos CF1 Musdomesticus machos, divididos em dois grupos com mesmo número de animais: o grupo experimental foi tratado uma vez ao dia com injeções de raloxifeno (3 mg/kg), e o grupo placebo foi tratado uma vez ao dia com injeções do veículo. A face vestibular do lado direito da hemimandíbula foi usada como controle (BD). As mandíbulas foram removidas, dissecadas e coradas com azul de toluidina sob um estereomicroscópio. Imagens digitais foram obtidas e a perda óssea alveolar foi medida (mm²) usando um software de análise de imagens. Resultados: A área VE exibiu perda óssea signifi cativamente maior (teste t de Student; p < 0,01) quando comparada com a área BD, em ambos os grupos. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente signifi cativa entre os grupos experimental e placebo. Conclusão: Neste estudo, o raloxifeno não inibiu a reabsorção óssea alveolar após CRM em camundongos machos.