RESUMO
UNLABELLED: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in various diseases, among others, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study we investigated the frequency and subtype distribution of EBV in 39 NPCs. The presence of EBV was detected by using a nested PCR to amplify the Bam Hl W-fragment of the genome. Two regions were targeted for subtype analysis, namely the EBNA-2A and EBER regions. PCR was used to amplify these regions, and the EBER region was sequenced to detect subtype specificity. The results showed that EBV could be detected in 82% (31/38) of the tumours. In 15 of these, EBNA subtypes could be identified of which 14 were subtype A and one tumour had both subtypes A and B present. The EBER region was amplified in 21 samples. The majority of cases (18/21) demonstrated a mutation profile which consisted of 5 type B and one type A mutations. The consensus type is therefore type B. IN CONCLUSION: a strong association was found between EBV and NPCs in our group of patients and their "consensus" genotype was A/B based on the two genome areas investigated.
Assuntos
Carcinoma/virologia , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/virologia , Herpesvirus Humano 4/isolamento & purificação , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/virologia , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/virologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma/epidemiologia , DNA de Neoplasias/genética , DNA Viral/genética , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/epidemiologia , Antígenos Nucleares do Vírus Epstein-Barr/genética , Feminino , Amplificação de Genes , Genes Virais , Genótipo , Herpesvirus Humano 4/classificação , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 4/patogenicidade , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/epidemiologia , Recombinação Genética , África do Sul/epidemiologia , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/epidemiologia , Proteínas Estruturais Virais/genética , VirulênciaAssuntos
Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , HIV-1 , África , Pré-Escolar , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Anticorpos Anti-HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-1/genética , HIV-1/imunologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Núcleo Familiar , Filogenia , RNA Viral/análise , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaAssuntos
Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/classificação , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/genética , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/virologia , Adulto , DNA Viral/análise , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Moçambique , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Sequências Repetidas Terminais/genéticaRESUMO
Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) have been shown to infect many Old World African primate species. Thus far, no work has been published on southern African primates. In this study we investigated the genetic diversity between SIV strains from Kenyan and South African vervets (Cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus). We amplified and sequenced a 1113 bp region of the env gene. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences showed that all strains clustered with members of the vervet subgroup of SIVagm. The SIVs from South African vervets differed by 7% from each other and by 8-14% from the Kenyan SIV strains, while the Kenyan SIV strains differed by 10-21% from SIVagm of other east African vervets. We also isolated and sequenced, for the first time, a SIV strain from a healthy chacma baboon (Papio ursinus), caught in South Africa. Phylogenetic analysis of the env region showed the virus to be closely related to the South African vervet SIV strains, while analysis of its pol region confirmed the virus to be a SIVagm variant.
Assuntos
Produtos do Gene env/genética , Variação Genética , Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida dos Símios/virologia , Vírus da Imunodeficiência Símia/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Chlorocebus aethiops , DNA Viral , Quênia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Vírus da Imunodeficiência Símia/classificação , Vírus da Imunodeficiência Símia/isolamento & purificação , África do SulRESUMO
We report on the subtyping of South African primate T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (PTLV-I) strains by investigating the LTR region using sequence analysis and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques. DNA from either uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs); cultured PBMC or cell lines of eight human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I); and two simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I) strains (Cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned, and sequenced. The samples originated from different geographical regions in South Africa. Phylogenetic relationships were estimated using the neighbor-joining method. The South African HTLV-I strains were of Cosmopolitan origin and similar to each other. RFLP analysis confirmed this subtyping. A divergence of 0.3 to 1.6% between the Cosmopolitan strains was observed, while the divergence between the HTLV-I and STLV-I strains ranged from 6.3 to 7%. The STLV-I strains were closely related to that of a chimpanzee, providing evidence of interspecies transmission.
Assuntos
Variação Genética/genética , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/genética , Filogenia , Sequências Repetitivas de Ácido Nucleico/genética , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 de Símios/genética , Animais , Chlorocebus aethiops , Infecções por Deltaretrovirus/veterinária , Infecções por Deltaretrovirus/virologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/virologia , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/classificação , Humanos , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 de Símios/classificação , África do SulAssuntos
Infecções por Deltaretrovirus/virologia , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/classificação , Idoso , Infecções por Deltaretrovirus/epidemiologia , Feminino , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/genética , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/virologia , Filogenia , África do Sul/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Deltaretrovirus/isolamento & purificação , Soropositividade para HIV/microbiologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/microbiologia , Leucemia de Células Pilosas/microbiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Linfoma não Hodgkin/microbiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linfócitos TRESUMO
A new human helper (CD4) T-lymphotropic herpesvirus (HTLHV) was first isolated in February 1985 from the cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and subsequently from the PBL of 1 patient with hairy cell leukaemia and 2 patients with lymphoproliferative disease associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type I infection. The viruses could be serially subcultured in umbilical cord PBL cultures in which they infected helper (CD4) T-lymphocytes producing multinucleate giant cells with intranuclear inclusions followed by cell lysis. Electron microscopy of infected cultures revealed that the isolates were herpesviruses. Specific DNA probing showed that the 4 isolates were related to one another but were distinct from cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Herpesvirus hominis types 1 and 2, and varicella-zoster virus. HTLHV lyses the same target cell as human immunodeficiency virus in PBL cultures suggesting that it may have a similar potential to cause acquired immune deficiency. The development of an unequivocally diagnostic serological test is a priority, so that the epidemiology and pathogenesis of HTLHV infection can be studied.