Revision of Acesines Stål and Dunnius Distant, resurrection of Mycterizon Breddin (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae), and description of a new species from India.

The genera Acesines Stål, 1876 and Dunnius Distant, 1902 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae) were revised and redescribed with the description of Dunniusbarpetensis Salini & Rabbani, sp. nov., based on specimens from Assam and Meghalaya, northeastern states of India. The genus Mycterizon Breddin, 1909 is reinstated from Dunnius, removed from the tribe Menidini, and redescribed. Consequently, the following new combinations are proposed: A.sordida (Kirby, 1891), comb. nov., Dunniuslaticeps (Zheng & Liu, 1987), comb. nov., D.tridentatus (Xiong & Liu, 1995), comb. nov., and D.trifasciatus (Xiong & Liu, 1995), comb. nov. A lectotype is designated for Araductabella (Distant, 1900a). Acesinesbambusana Distant, 1918, and Mycterizonbellusstat. rev. are redescribed based on both male and female genitalia and Dunniusfulvescens (Dallas, 1851) is redescribed based on female genitalia.

The Vitruvian spider: Segmenting and integrating over different body parts to describe ecophenotypic variation.

Understanding what drives the existing phenotypic variability has been a major topic of interest for biologists for generations. However, the study of the phenotype may not be straightforward. Indeed, organisms may be interpreted as composite objects, comprising different ecophenotypic traits, which are neither necessarily independent from each other nor do they respond to the same evolutionary pressures. For this reason, a deep biological understanding of the focal organism is essential for any morphological analysis. The spider genus Dysdera provides a particularly well-suited system for setting up protocols for morphological analyses that encompass a suit of morphological structures in any nonmodel system. This genus has undergone a remarkable diversification in the Canary Islands, where different species perform different ecological roles, exhibiting different levels of trophic specialization or troglomorphic adaptations, which translate into a remarkable interspecific morphological variability. Here, we seek to develop a broad guide, of which morphological characters must be considered, to study the effect of different ecological pressures in spiders and propose a general workflow that will be useful whenever researchers set out to investigate variation in the body plans of different organisms, with data sets comprising a set of morphological traits. We use geometric morphometric methods to quantify variation in different body structures, all of them with diverse phenotypic modifications in their chelicera, prosoma, and legs. We explore the effect of analyzing different combined landmark (LM) configurations of these characters and the degree of morphological integration that they exhibit. Our results suggest that different LM configurations of each of these body parts exhibit a higher degree of integration compared to LM configurations from different structures and that the analysis of each of these body parts captures different aspects of morphological variation, potentially related to different ecological factors.

Joppeicus paradoxus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Joppeicidae): a new alien species in the European Union?

Joppeicus paradoxus Puton, 1881 is the only representative of the family Joppeicidae. This tiny predaceous bug of around 3 mm long has a resemblance to members of the family Anthocoridae sensu lato. Herein we present an up-to-date distribution of the species, recording it for the first time in the Canary Islands (Fuerteventura Island) and in Yemen (Socotra Island). We provide pictures of the dorsal and lateral habitus of the species and discuss its current distribution. The collection circumstances suggest probably native occurrence in Socotra, but in Fuerteventura it was found in an urban environment with a fair chance it was introduced due to human activity. Details on the types of J. paradoxus are also provided.

emColimacoris/em emjoceliae/em, sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Miridae: Deraeocorinae: Hyaliodini): A new species from Panama, with a Key to the species of Colimacoris.

The new Neotropical hyaliodine Colimacoris joceliae Kim Jung, sp. nov., is described from Panama. Morphological information, including a description and diagnosis of the new species is presented with photographs. A key for the identification of the species of Colimacoris is also provided.

New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).

A new genus, Graziasternum gen. nov., with two new species, Graziasternum graziae sp. nov. and Graziasternum joceliae sp. nov. are described. According to external thoracic and genital structures, this new genus is considered to be the closest extant relative known to the genus Placosternum Amyot Serville. Discussion of its possible phylogenetic position based on structure comparison, with the discussion on the importance of the characteristics of the thoracic sterna, the genital structures with other genera or groups of genera that share similar structures is given. Additionally, the two new species are keyed and illustrated.

emUrolabida/em emgraziae/em, new urostylidid species from the Philippines with comments on the current taxonomy and systematics of the family (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Urostylididae).

A new species of Urostylididae from the Philippine islands (Mindanao) is herein described. This new species, similar to Urolabida bipunctata Stål, 1871, differs from the latter in the shape of the external male genitalia. Urolabida bipunctata and the new species, Urolabida graziae Roca-Cusachs, sp. nov., are extremely similar in external appearance, and fit into the (incomplete) description of genus Urolabida Westwood, 1837. The examination and comparison with the type specimens of other Urostylididae species, especially the male genital capsule, clearly separates this two species from Urolabida tenera Westwood, 1837, the type species of the genus Urolabida, however the taxonomy of this group is not resolved and needs a deep revision, therefore we refrain from description of a new genus-group taxon here. Additionally, images of the type specimens of Urolabida tenera, Urostylis histrionica Westwood, 1837, and Urostylis punctigera Westwood, 1837, are provided and discussion on the current systematics and classification of the family, and particularly of genus Urolabida are also given.

Malagasycoelum dracula gen. and sp. nov., a new genus and a new species of the subfamily Mirinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) from Madagascar.

Malagasycoelum dracula gen. and sp. nov. in Adelphocoris-Creontiades-Megacoelum complex is described from Madagascar. Morphological information of the new genus and new species is presented with photographs and illustrations.

Taxonomic assessment of the inquiline fauna (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini, Ceroptresini) reared from cynipid galls on oaks (Quercus spp.) from South Korea.

A complete taxonomic assessment of the inquiline fauna (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini, Ceroptresini) reared from cynipid oak galls collected in South Korea is conducted for the first time. Previously, six species were known from this country (Ceroptres kovalevi Belizin, 1973; Synergus chinensis Melika, Ács Bechtold, 2004; Synergus japonicus Walker, 1874; Ufo koreanus Melika, Pujade-Villar Choi, 2007; and presumably, Saphonecrus chaodongzhui Melika, Ács Bechtold, 2004 and Ufo cerroneuroteri Tang Melika, 2012). The study of new material reared from cynipid galls collected from oaks (Quercus spp.) from various locations throughout South Korea has increased the total number of inquiline species known from this country to 14, of which seven are new country records (Saphonecrus shirakashii (Shinji, 1940); Sa. symbioticus Melika Schwéger, 2015; Synergus abei Melika Schwéger, 2015; S. belizinellus Schwéger Melika 2015; S. formosanus Schwéger Melika, 2015; S. ishikarii Melika Schwéger, 2015; and S. symbioticus Schwéger Melika, 2015), and one is a new species: Synergus minutus Lobato-Vila Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. The new species is formally described and illustrated. New biological and distribution data are provided for both the newly recorded species and the other reared species. The Korean fauna is compared with that from other countries within the Eastern Palearctic and the Oriental regions.

Redefining Stagonomus Gorski based on morphological and molecular data (Pentatomidae: Eysarcorini).

After reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships among the closely related genera Carbula Stål, Eysarcoris Hahn, and Stagonomus Gorski (tribe Eysarcorini), using the mitochondrial genes: 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), and incorporating morphological characters to contrast our data, we transfer the species Eysarcoris gibbosus Jakovlev and Eysarcoris venustissimus (Schrank) to the genus Stagonomus, and we propose to place the subgenus Dalleria Mulsant Rey as a synonym under the nominal subgenus Stagonomus. Additionally, Stagonomus is redefined to include diagnostic characters of the male genitalia.

Iberolygus n. gen., from the Iberian Peninsula (Hemiptera: Cimicomorpha: Miridae: Mirinae), with a new generic combination for Apolygus rubrostriatus (Wagner, 1971).

A new genus, Iberolygus Kim, Goula Jung, gen. nov. is described from the Iberian Peninsula to accommodate the species Apolygus rubrostriatus (Wagner, 1971) based on re-examination of Iberian specimens. Morphological information such as diagnosis and description of the Iberolygus gen. nov. and redescription of I. rubrostriatus comb. nov. is presented with photographs and illustrations.

Spockia tagala gen. and sp. nov. a new monotypic genus of Asopinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from the Philippines.

Spockia tagala gen. and sp. nov., from the Philippines is herein described. Thus this new genus is herein proposed to hold this single species. Spokia gen. nov. can be distinguished by absence of some generic characters present in the morphologically similar oriental genera Blachia and Cazira, like the foretibial expansion and the gibbosity on the scutellum. The morphological comparisons of Spockia gen. nov. and the morphologically related genera are discussed.

Journey to the Center of the Earth: Description of a new troglomorphic litter-bug species inhabiting lava tubes in the Canary Islands (Heteroptera: Dipsocoromorpha: Ceratocombidae).

Lava tubes in the Canary Islands have shown to have a great amount of endemic biodiversity belonging to a wide, and sometimes unexpected, range of taxa. In this paper, the first cave-dwelling species of a troglomorphic Dipsocoromorpha, Ceratocombus stysi sp. nov. is described making this finding the first named species of Dipsocoromorpha from the Canary Islands. Morphological information including diagnosis and genitalia description of the new species, together with biological and ecological notes are given.

A DNA barcode-assisted annotated checklist of the spider (Arachnida, Araneae) communities associated to white oak woodlands in Spanish National Parks.

BACKGROUND: A large scale semi-quantitative biodiversity assessment was conducted in white oak woodlands in areas included in the Spanish Network of National Parks, as part of a project aimed at revealing biogeographic patterns and identify biodiversity drivers. The semi-quantitative COBRA sampling protocol was conducted in sixteen 1-ha plots across six national parks using a nested design. All adult specimens were identified to species level based on morphology. Uncertain delimitations and identifications due to either limited information of diagnostic characters or conflicting taxonomy were further investigated using DNA barcode information. NEW INFORMATION: We identified 376 species belonging to 190 genera in 39 families, from the 8,521 adults found amongst the 20,539 collected specimens. Faunistic results include the discovery of 7 new species to the Iberian Peninsula, 3 new species to Spain and 11 putative new species to science. As largely expected by environmental features, the southern parks showed a higher proportion of Iberian and Mediterranean species than the northern parks, where the Palearctic elements were largely dominant. The analysis of approximately 3,200 DNA barcodes generated in the present study, corroborated and provided finer resolution to the morphologically based delimitation and identification of specimens in some taxonomically challenging families. Specifically, molecular data confirmed putative new species with diagnosable morphology, identified overlooked lineages that may constitute new species, confirmed assignment of specimens of unknown sexes to species and identified cases of misidentifications and phenotypic polymorphisms.

A new species of the genus Mecistoscelis Reuter from Vietnam (Hemiptera: Miridae: Mecistoscelini), with key to Mecistoscelis species.

A new species, Mecistoscelis lansburyi Kim et Jung sp. nov. is described from Vietnam. Diagnosis, description including genitalia, and biological notes are presented with illustrations and photographs. The photographic image of female genital structure of this tribe is first presented based on M. lansburyi sp. nov. and key to the Mecistoscelis species is provided.

Taxonomic review of the genus Urostylis (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Urostylididae) from the Korean Peninsula, with description of a new species.

The genus Urostylis is reviewed taxonomically with description of a new species Urostylis koreana sp. nov. from the Korean Peninsula. Descriptions, diagnoses and a key to the Korean Urostylis species are presented with photographs and illustrations.

Revision of genus Stilbotes Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) with description of a new species.

The Asopinae genus Stilbotes Stål, 1871 from Philippines is reviewed taxonomically. A new species Stilbotes goulae sp. nov. is described based on female specimens. Stilbotes semperi Stål 1871 is redescribed in detail. A diagnosis, key and distributional records for the genus and the species are also provided.

A new species of the genus Paraholcostethus Belousova (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Carpocorini) from Korea.

The genus Paraholcostethus Belousova is reported from the Korean Peninsula for the first time with the description of a new species, Paraholcostethus irumiae sp. nov. The generic diagnosis of Paraholcostethus is slightly modified to accommodate the new species. Habitus, male and female internal and external genitalia are illustrated. A key to the species of the genus is also given.

Ooxtaxonomy of eight Tettigonoidea species (Insecta: Orthoptera), description and comparison of the egg morphology.

In the present study, eggs of eight species of the Tettigonoidea superfamily have been examined with the aim to find characteristic traits of each of the studied taxa. In addition, we aim to distinguish them through their eggshell morphology, a technique that nowadays is known as ootaxonomy. All the eggs analysed belong to four subfamilies of the Tettigoniidae family (Bradyporinae: Ephippiger diurnus cunii, Parasteropleurus perezii, Lluciapomaresius panteli, L. ortegai, Tettigoniinae: Decticus verrucivorus, Antaxius hispanicus, and Meconematinae: Cyrtaspis scutata) and from family Phaneropteridae: Phaneroptera nana. Observations and comparisons were made after optical and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) photographs. In all katydids evaluated, we observed that hexagonal cells usually compose the chorion, nevertheless, in some cases egg surfaces appearance is follicular or smooth. Micropylar areas are different among the species examined. Ootaxonomy allowed us to differentiate between the genera studied and the two more related species: Lluciapomaresius panteli and L. ortegai.

ADDENDUM to Roca-Cusachs, M. & Goula, M. 2016. New genus and species of ant-like true bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) from the Canary Islands. Zootaxa 4173 (1): 066-074.

Genus Perenotus and species Perenotus malobae were recently described as a new genus and species by Roca-Cusachs & Goula (2016). Article 16.4.2 of ICZN (1999) requires a statement of intent that the holotype is deposited in a collection and a statement indicating the name and location of that collection. Unfortunately, it is unclear if this requirement was satisfied.

A geographical distribution database of the genus Dysdera in the Canary Islands (Araneae, Dysderidae).

The ground-dweller spider genus Dysdera shows very high species richness on the oceanic archipelago of the Canary Islands, providing one of the most outstanding examples of island radiation among spiders, only paralleled by Tetragnatha spiders on the Hawaiian archipelago. A georeferenced database of the 48 Dysdera species occurring in the Canary Islands was assembled to facilitate ongoing and future research on this remarkable lineage. All species are endemic to the archipelago except for the cosmopolitan Dysdera crocata. The dataset consists of 794 distributional records documented from 1971 to 2015, each locality being represented only once per species. Distribution maps are provided for each species, along with basic diversity and distribution information. The database and geographical maps included in this article stand for the most updated, accurate and complete information on the distribution of the spider genus Dysdera in the Canary Islands.