Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 8 de 8
Filtrar
1.
Thromb Res ; 232: 133-137, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37976733

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to determine if advanced BRAF-mutant NSCLC has a higher thromboembolic events (TEE) rate than the expected. METHODS: Between 2008 and 2021, 182 patients with BRAF-mutant advanced NSCLC (BRAF V600E, n = 70; BRAF non-V600E, n = 112) were retrospectively identified from 18 centers in Spain. Patients received chemotherapy (n = 147), immunotherapy (n = 69), targeted therapy (n = 42), and immunotherapy + chemotherapy (n = 26). RESULTS: Incidence rate of TEE was 26.4 % (95%CI: 19.9 %-32.9 %). A total of 72 TEE were documented among 48 patients, as 18 patients (37.5 %) developed more than one event. Median time to TEE onset was 2 months, 69 % of TEE occurred in the peridiagnostic period (+/- 90 days from cancer diagnosis), and in 16 pts. (33 %) TEE was the form of lung cancer presentation. Although most TEE were only venous (82 %; PE, n = 33; DVT, n = 16), arterial events were reported in 31 % and occurred earlier, or TEE presented in atypical locations (13.9 %). TEE were related to high hospitalization rate (59 %), recurrence (23 %), and mortality (10.4 %) despite appropriate anticoagulant/antiaggregant treatment. Median OS in patients without-TEE was 19.4 months (95%CI: 4.6-34.1), and significantly shorter in patients with arterial-TEE vs venous-TEE vs both of them: 9.9 months (95%CI: 0-23.5) vs 41.7 months (95%CI: 11.3-72.2 m) vs 2.7 months (95%CI: 2.1-3.3), p = 0.001. Neither clinical or molecular features (BRAF V600E/non-V600E), nor cancer treatment was associated to TEE occurrence. Khorana score underperformed to predict thrombosis at cancer diagnosis, as only 19.2 % of patients were classified as high-risk. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombotic events represent a new clinical feature of BRAF-mutant lung cancer. Patients with almost a 30 % incidence of TEE should be offered systematic anticoagulation.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Tromboembolia , Humanos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/tratamento farmacológico , Incidência , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Mutação , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tromboembolia/etiologia , Tromboembolia/genética
2.
J Med Case Rep ; 16(1): 365, 2022 Oct 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36195892

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors avoid inhibition of T-cell responses, upregulating antitumor immune response. Moreover, a dysregulation with hyperactive immune response can be caused, some of them underdiagnosed. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare and often fatal syndrome of uncontrolled and ineffective hyperinflammatory response that triggers an inflammatory cascade that can lead in many cases to death. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 67-year-old Caucasian man with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma who developed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after initiation of atezolizumab, an antagonist of programmed death-ligand 1. Even with early diagnosis and proper treatment, death occurs in approximately half of all cases reported. CONCLUSION: Key markers are needed to better identify patients at risk of developing severe immune-related adverse events. In addition to key markers, a higher degree of suspicion and early intervention are needed to improve outcomes in acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, especially with the increasingly and expanding use of immune activation.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/induzido quimicamente , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/diagnóstico , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino
3.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36078537

RESUMO

Aljustrel, Lousal and S. Domingos mines are located in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), one of the greatest massive sulfide ore deposits worldwide. These mines' surrounding streams are affected by Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). The main purpose of this study was to understand AMD influence in the water quality and diatom behavior. Thus, waters and diatoms were sampled in 6 sites from the 3 selected mines on winter and summer of 2016. The highest concentrations were found in acidic sites: A3 (Aljustrel-Al, Cd, Cu, Fe and Zn (and lowest pH)) and L1 (Lousal-As, Mn, Ca, Mg, SO42- and conductivity). The most abundant diatom species was Pinnularia aljustrelica with 100% of dominance in A3 and S1 acidic sites, which puts in evidence this species adaptation to AMD harsh conditions. Multivariate cluster analysis allowed us to reinforce results from previous studies, where spatial differences were more relevant than seasonal ones. In 12 years (2004-2016), and with many transformations undertaken (re-opening and rehabilitation), there is a conservative behavior in the biological species (diatoms) and physicochemical concentrations (metals, pH and sulfates) from these three mining sites. This type of biogeochemical diagnosis is necessary for the sustainable use of these waters and the prevention of the polluting process, aimed to protect the water ecosystem and its biodiversity.


Assuntos
Diatomáceas , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Ácidos/análise , Ecossistema , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Água Doce , Hidrobiologia , Portugal , Rios , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise
4.
Entropy (Basel) ; 24(7)2022 Jul 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35885176

RESUMO

This paper explains the mathematical foundations of a method for modelling semi-rigid unions. The unions are modelled using rotational rather than linear springs. A nonlinear second-order analysis is required, which includes both the effects of the flexibility of the connections as well as the geometrical nonlinearity of the elements. The first task in the implementation of a 2D Beam element with semi-rigid unions in a nonlinear finite element method (FEM) is to define the vector of internal forces and the tangent stiffness matrix. After defining the formula for this vector and matrix in the context of a semi-rigid steel frame, an iterative adjustment of the springs is proposed. This setting allows a moment-rotation relationship for some given load parameters, dimensions, and unions. Modelling semi-rigid connections is performed using Frye and Morris' polynomial model. The polynomial model has been used for type-4 semi-rigid joints (end plates without column stiffeners), which are typically semi-rigid with moderate structural complexity and intermediate stiffness characteristics. For each step in a non-linear analysis required to adjust the matrix of tangent stiffness, an additional adjustment of the springs with their own iterative process subsumed in the overall process is required. Loops are used in the proposed computational technique. Other types of connections, dimensions, and other parameters can be used with this method. Several examples are shown in a correlated analysis to demonstrate the efficacy of the design process for semi-rigid joints, and this is the work's application content. It is demonstrated that using the mathematical method presented in this paper, semi-rigid connections may be implemented in the designs while the stiffness of the connection is verified.

5.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 53(4): 504-11, 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26177439

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Sedentary lifestyle is one of the worldwide problems of Public Health. Given that, physical activity has both direct and indirect effects on the mortality and morbidity on non-communicable chronic diseases. The aim was to determine the change in prevalence of sedentary lifestyle in a cohort of students. METHODS: The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México makes an Automated Medical Examination to students. In this evaluation, the sport, physical activity and other risk factors were analyzed in students admitted in 2010 to the Faculty of Medicine that were previously analyzed in 2007. RESULTS: A total of 593 students were studied. The mean age was 15.1 ± 1.4 years. The prevalence of physical inactivity increased from 38.3 to 39.9 %. When stratified by gender, women were more sedentary (p < 0.05). Sports activities decreased significantly in frequency and time. In the sedentary population, the prevalence of overweight increased in men and the obesity in women. Smoking increased 4.9 % and alcohol consumption in 36.7 % in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of physical inactivity was higher compared to other countries. Smoking and alcohol consumption increased so it is necessary to follow up and implement programs of health promotion.


Introducción: la inactividad física tiene efectos directos e indirectos con la muerte por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y es un problema de salud pública. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer el cambio en la prevalencia de sedentarismo y actividad deportiva en una cohorte de estudiantes. Métodos: la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México hace el Examen Médico Automatizado a sus alumnos. En este trabajo se analizó la actividad física y deportiva, así como algunos factores de riesgo en los estudiantes que ingresaron en 2010 a la Facultad de Medicina y contaran con información en 2007. Resultados: participaron 593 estudiantes. El promedio de edad inicial fue 15.1 ± 1.4 años. El sedentarismo incrementó de 38.3 a 39.9 %. Al estratificar por sexo, las mujeres resultaron ser más sedentarias (p < 0.05). Las actividades deportivas disminuyeron considerablemente en frecuencia y tiempo. En la población sedentaria, la prevalencia de sobrepeso incrementó en los hombres y la obesidad en las mujeres. Aumentó el tabaquismo 4.9 % y consumo de alcohol en 36.7 % en ambos sexos. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de sedentarismo resultó más alta en comparación con otros países. El tabaquismo y consumo de alcohol se incrementaron por lo que es necesario su seguimiento y realizar programas de promoción de la salud.


Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Comportamento Sedentário , Esportes/tendências , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Adolescente , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fumar/epidemiologia , Esportes/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes de Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
6.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 57(4): 5-13, jul.-ago. 2014. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-957002

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: Para diseñar estrategias de prevención, control y tratamiento de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en estudiantes es necesario conocer el comportamiento de éstas y los factores de riesgo a los que se exponen. Objetivo: Comparar los cambios en la prevalencia de riesgos de enfermedades crónicas en estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) al pasar del bachillerato a la licenciatura. Material y métodos: Se comparó información de los años 2007 y 2010 de la encuesta de valoración integral de la salud que aplica la Dirección General de Servicios Médicos (DGSM) a los estudiantes sobre consumo de alcohol, tabaco, actividad física o deportiva, cambios somatométricos, y la presencia de hipertensión arterial (HA), diabetes mellitus (DM), cáncer, sobrepeso y obesidad en ellos y sus familiares directos. Resultados: Participaron 593 alumnos, de ellos 69.6% eran mujeres. El índice de masa corporal (IMC) cambio en 3 años de ٢٢.٣ a ٢٣.٤ (p < 0.001) en los hombres y de 22.1 a 22.8 (p < 0.001) en las mujeres. La frecuencia de presión arterial alta cambió de ١.٥٤ a 1.69%, el consumo de alcohol y tabaco se incrementó 32 y 7.6%, respectivamente. Los hombres resultaron más activos físicamente que las mujeres (p < 0.05); disminuyó la práctica de futbol en 21.7% y de corredores en 23%. En los familiares, la prevalencia de HA incrementó de 24.1 a 30.4%; obesidad de 27.6 a 31.3%, y DM tipo 2 de 12.8 a 16.2% con p < 0.01. El consumo de alcohol se incrementó de 11.4 a 13.3% y el tabaquismo de 24.5 a 24.9%. Conclusiones: El incremento de los factores de riesgo en los estudiantes y las enfermedades crónicas en sus familiares apuntalan hacia un perfil de mayor riesgo, por ello es importante promover conductas saludables y formar a los jóvenes como agentes de cambio, para que puedan influir en la reducción de daño en ellos y sus familiares.


Abstract Introduction: To design strategies of prevention, control and treatment of chronicnon transmissible diseases in students, it's necessary to know the behavior of these and the risk factors to which they are exposed. Objective: To compare the changes in the prevalence of risks of chronic diseases in students of the National Autonomous Universisty of Mexico (Universidad Autónoma de México [UNAM]) as they make their way from high school to college. Material and methods: Information from the survey of integral valorization of health that the General Board of Medical Services carried in 2007 and 2010 was compared. The information regarded alcohol and tobacco consumption, physical and sports activity, somatometric changes and the presence of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, cancer and overweight in the students and their direct family. Results: 593 students participated, 69.6 were women. The BMS changed in three years from 22.3 to 23.4 (P<0.001) in men and from 22.1 to 22.8 (P<0.001) in women. The frequency of high blood pressure changed from 1.54 to 1.69%, the alcohol and tobacco consumption was increased in three years, 32 and 7.6% respectively. Men resulted to be more physically active than women. (P<0.05); in three years the practice of soccer decreased in 21.7% and the practice of running 23%. In family members the prevalence of high blood pressure increased from 24.1 to 30.4%; obesity from 27.6 to 31.3% and diabetes mellitus type 2 from 12.8 to 16.2% with P<0.01. Alcohol consumption from 11.4 to 13.3% and tobacco consumption from 24.5 to 24.9%. Conclusions: The increase in risk factors in students and the chronic diseases in their family members indicate a higher risk profile. This is the reason why it is important to promote healthy conducts and to form the youth as agents of change so they can have influence in the reduction of damage in them and their family members.

7.
Rev. Inst. Nac. Enfermedades Respir ; 14(1): 16-21, ene.-mar. 2001. tab, CD-ROM
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-306522

RESUMO

Las pruebas físicas para pacientes con discapacidad pueden ser de gran utilidad para valorar la habilidad del paciente al realizar actividades específicas de la vida diaria como lo es caminar.Objetivo: Determinar si existe diferencia en los metros recorridos en la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos entre un espacio abierto o uno cerrado.Material y métodos: Este estudio es de tipo prospectivo, transversal y observacional, incluyó 200 sujetos sanos entre 20 y 70 años de edad, ambos sexos, excluyéndose aquellos que presentaron enfermedad cardiopulmonar, fumadores, y que realizaran más de tres horas de ejercicio a la semana. Fueron evaluados a través de radiografía de tórax, espirometría, electrocardiograma, fuerza de los músculos respiratorios, presión arterial y frecuencia respiratoria, registrados al inicio y final de cada prueba. La saturación de oxígeno y la frecuencia cardiaca fueron evaluadas cada 2, 4 y 6 minutos con un oxímetro y la disnea a través de la escala de Borg. Realizaron dos caminatas en el interior del hospital una a paso normal y otra a paso rápido, después de 30 minutos estas mismas pruebas se ejecutaron en un espacio abierto del mismo hospital.Resultados: Fueron estudiados 119 mujeres y 81 hombres, el promedio de distancia recorrida en la caminata a paso normal en espacio cerrado fue de 446.38 ñ 45.6m, y 469.9 ñ 54m en espacio abierto (p=0.001). En la caminata a paso rápido se obtuvieron en promedio a espacio cerrado 582.4 ñ 70m y 580.4 ñ 60m en abierto (p=0.65). Conclusiones: los sujetos recorrieron mayor distancia en la caminata de 6 minutos en espacio abierto comparado con el del espacio cerrado, pero sólo en la caminata a paso normal, diferencia no observada con respecto a la caminata a paso rápido.


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Teste de Esforço , Caminhada , Tolerância ao Exercício , Espirometria
8.
Rev. Inst. Nac. Enfermedades Respir ; 13(4): 205-10, oct.-dic. 2000. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-286153

RESUMO

La prueba de caminata de 6 minutos es un instrumento que permite valorar: Tolerancia al ejercicio, necesidad de oxígeno suplementario en ejercicio, respuesta al tratamiento rehabilitatorio, médico-quirúrgico y en trasplante pulmonar. Justificación: La prueba de caminata de 6 minutos se le realiza, frecuentemente, a pacientes neumópatas para medir la tolerancia al ejercicio. En México no existen reportes de la distancia recorrida en prueba de caminata de 6 minutos en sujetos mexicanos sanos, por lo que es necesario documentar un estándar en esta población. Objetivo: Estandarizar la prueba de caminata en sujetos mexicanos. Metodología: Estudio prospectivo, transversal y observacional, que incluyó a 200 sujetos sanos de ambos sexos, con edades entre 20 y 70 años, que no realizaran más de tres horas de ejercicio a la semana y, no fumadores. Los estudios incluyeron electrocardiograma, pruebas funcionales respiratorias, y radiografía de tórax para descartar posibles patologías. Hubo dos grupos de acuerdo a género y cinco grupos etáreos, aplicándoles una prueba de caminata de 6 minutos lenta y otra rápida en espacio abierto en una pista de 25m. Se consideran como variables explicativas para el modelo: Género (masculino), edad e índice de masa corporal. La generación de pruebas estadísticas y modelos se realizaron en el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 8.0 para Windows. Resultados: Se estudiaron un total de 89 hombres y 119 mujeres. La distancia promedio recorrida durante las caminatas de 6min (lentas) fue 481.51 ñ 51m para los hombres y 463 ñ 55m para mujeres (p=0.001). Para la segunda prueba (rápida) los valores promedio fueron 605 ñ 56m y 563 ñ 57m para hombres y mujeres respectivamente . Los modelos para la caminata lenta no mostraron diferencias con significancia estadística, pero para la caminata rápida mostraron sig-nificancia con relación a la edad, género e índice de masa corporal. La distancia cubierta promedio durante la caminata de 6 minutos fue 470 ñ 54 m para la lenta y 580 ñ 60 para la rápida.Conclusiones: La caminata normal, no arrojó valores significativos en las variables consideradas determinantes (edad e índice de masa corporal) para explicar el recorrido; sin embargo, en la caminata rápida fue significativa en los indicadores y se propone una estandarización en sujetos mexicanos sanos con el modelo obtenido.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Etários , Índice de Massa Corporal , Teste de Esforço , Caminhada
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA