Fatty acids and volatile compound of cooked green licuri (Syagrus coronata) and naturally ripe licuri almonds from native flora, popularly consumed in Brazil.

The present study was carried out to investigate the proximate composition, fatty acid (FA) profile and volatile compounds (VC) of cooked green licuri (Syagrus coronata) - an unripe stage that is then cooked - and naturally ripe licuri almonds. The FA profiles were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and the VC composition was evaluated using headspace-solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC-MS. The cooked green licuri presented higher moisture, and lower contents of ashes, proteins and lipids than naturally ripe licuri almonds. The FA profiles of cooked green licuri and naturally ripe licuri almonds showed that saturated FAs were predominant (80%) in both samples, and the concentrations of lauric, palmitic, and oleic acids in naturally ripe licuri almonds were higher than those in cooked green licuri. Limonene was the predominant compound in naturally ripe licuri almonds. The main class of VC in the cooked green licuri were aldehydes, with 3-methyl-butanal and furfural being the main species. Alcohols, such as 3-methyl-butanol and 2-heptanol, were the main class of VC in naturally ripe licuri almonds. Among the volatile compounds, 1-hexanol and 2-nonanone contributed to the aroma of cooked green licuri almonds, whereas 2-heptanone, ethanol, and limonene contributed to the aroma of naturally ripe licuri almonds (almonds not subjected to any cooking process). In a word, cooked green licuri and naturally riped licuri almonds, despite having different proximate compositions, present similar fatty acid profile and distinct aromatic characteristics. Therefore, cooked green licuri and naturally riped licuri almonds are an alternative source of nutrient and could be investigated for the use in the food industry to enhance flavor and aroma to new products.

Exploring the Longissimus Muscle: Unraveling its Correlation with Meat Quality in Bos indicus and Crossbred Bulls.

This study investigated muscle tissue in Bos indicus and crossbred bulls to explain differences in meat quality traits. Carcass traits, meat quality parameters, and biochemical and molecular investigations of myofibrillar proteins are described. Methods for evaluating pH, intramuscular fat (IMF), meat color (L*, a*, b*), water losses, tenderness, and molecular biology assays have been outlined. Specific procedures detailing calibration, sample preparation, and data analysis for each method are described. These include techniques such as infrared spectroscopy for IMF content, objective tenderness assessment, and electrophoretic separation of MyHC isoforms. Color parameters were highlighted as potential tools for predicting beef tenderness, a crucial quality trait influencing consumer decisions. The study employed the Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) method, revealing values of 4.68 and 4.23 kg for Nellore and Angus-Nellore (P < 0.01), respectively. Total cooking losses and biochemical analyses, including myofibril fragmentation index (MFI), provided insights into tenderness variations. Muscle fiber types, particularly myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms, were investigated, with a notable absence of MyHC-IIb isoform in the studied Zebu animals. The relationship between MyHC-I and meat tenderness revealed divergent findings in the literature, highlighting the complexity of this association. Overall, the study provides comprehensive insights into the factors influencing meat quality in Bos indicus and crossbred (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) bulls, offering valuable information for the beef industry.

In Silico Detection of Integrons and Their Relationship with Resistance Phenotype of Salmonella Isolates from a Brazilian Pork Production Chain.

The pork production chain is an important reservoir of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. This study identified and characterized integrons in Salmonella isolates from a Brazilian pork production chain and associate them with their antibiotic resistance pattern. A total of 41 whole-genome sequencing data of nontyphoidal Salmonella were analyzed using PlasmidSPAdes and IntegronFinder software. Nine isolates (21.9%) had some integrons identified (complete and/or incomplete). Six complete class 1 integrons were found, with streptomycin resistance genes (aadA1, aadA2) alone or downstream of a trimethoprim resistance gene (dfrA1, dfrA12), and some also containing resistance genes for sulfonamides (sul1, sul3) and chloramphenicol (cmlA1). Class 2 integron was detected in only one isolate, containing dfrA1-sat2-aadA1 gene cassettes. Five isolates harbored CALINs-clusters attC but lacking integrases-with antimicrobial resistance genes typically found in integron structures. In all, integrons were observed among four serotypes: Derby, Bredeney, Panama, and monophasic var. Typhimurium I 4,[5],12:i:-. The association of integrons with antibiotic resistance phenotype showed that these elements were predominantly identified in multidrug resistance isolates, and six of the seven gentamicin-resistant isolates had integrons. So, surveillance of integrons in Salmonella should be performed to identify the potential for the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes among bacteria.

Deciphering the Puzzle: Literature Insights on Chlamydia trachomatis-Mediated Tumorigenesis, Paving the Way for Future Research.

Some infectious agents have the potential to cause specific modifications in the cellular microenvironment that could be propitious to the carcinogenesis process. Currently, there are specific viruses and bacteria, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Helicobacter pylori, that are well established as risk factors for neoplasia. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections are one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections worldwide, and recent European data confirmed a continuous rise across Europe. The infection is often asymptomatic in both sexes, requiring a screening program for early detection. Notwithstanding, not all countries in Europe have it. Chlamydia trachomatis can cause chronic and persistent infections, resulting in inflammation, and there are plausible biological mechanisms that link the genital infection with tumorigenesis. Herein, we aimed to understand the epidemiological and biological plausibility of CT genital infections causing endometrial, ovarian, and cervical tumors. Also, we covered some of the best suitable in vitro techniques that could be used to study this potential association. In addition, we defend the point of view of a personalized medicine strategy to treat those patients through the discovery of some biomarkers that could allow it. This review supports the need for the development of further fundamental studies in this area, in order to investigate and establish the role of chlamydial genital infections in oncogenesis.

Influence of different culture media on the antimicrobial activity of Pediococcus pentosaceus ST65ACC against Listeria monocytogenes.

Pediococcus pentosaceus ST65ACC is a bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Brazilian artisanal cheese that is capable of inhibiting different food pathogens, mainly Listeria monocytogenes. The production of bacteriocins can be influenced by several growth conditions, such as temperature, pH, and medium composition. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different culture media on the production of bacteriocins and antimicrobial activity of P. pentosaceus ST65ACC on L. monocytogenes Scott A. The strains were inoculated alone and in coculture in four different media: BHI broth, MRS broth, meat broth, and reconstituted skim milk (RSM) 10% (w/v). The culture media were then incubated at 37 °C for 96 h, and count analysis, pH measurement, and bacteriocin production were performed at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. L. monocytogenes was inhibited to nondetectable levels in coculture with P. pentosaceus ST65ACC in MRS broth within 96 h, consistent with the high production of bacteriocin throughout the analysis period (3,200-12,800 AU/mL). However, lower inhibitory activities of P. pentosaceus ST65ACC on L. monocytogenes Scott A were recorded in BHI, RSM, and meat broth, with low or no production of bacteriocins at the analyzed times. The composition of these culture media may have repressed the production and activity of bacteriocins and, consequently, the antagonist activity of P. pentosaceus ST65ACC on L. monocytogenes Scott A. The results showed that the antimicrobial activity was more effective in MRS broth, presenting greater production of bacteriocins and less variability when compared to the other media analyzed.

Endotoxin-Induced Sepsis on Ceftriaxone-Treated Rats' Ventilatory Mechanics and Pharmacokinetics.

Sepsis can trigger acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which can lead to a series of physiological changes, modifying the effectiveness of therapy and culminating in death. For all experiments, male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were split into the following groups: control and sepsis-induced by endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS); the control group received only intraperitoneal saline or saline + CEF while the treated groups received ceftriaxone (CEF) (100 mg/kg) IP; previously or not with sepsis induction by LPS (1 mg/kg) IP. We evaluated respiratory mechanics, and alveolar bronchial lavage was collected for nitrite and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) quantification and cell evaluation. For pharmacokinetic evaluation, two groups received ceftriaxone, one already exposed to LPS. Respiratory mechanics shows a decrease in total airway resistance, dissipation of viscous energy, and elastance of lung tissues in all sepsis-induced groups compared to the control group. VEGF and NOx values were higher in sepsis animals compared to the control group, and ceftriaxone was able to reduce both parameters. The pharmacokinetic parameters for ceftriaxone, such as bioavailability, absorption, and terminal half-life, were smaller in the sepsis-induced group than in the control group since clearance was higher in septic animals. Despite the pharmacokinetic changes, ceftriaxone showed a reduction in resistance in the airways. In addition, CEF lowers nitrite levels in the lungs and acts on their adverse effects, reflecting pharmacological therapy of the disease.

Assessment of safety and in situ antibacterial activity of Weissella cibaria strains isolated from dairy farms in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, for their food application.

Weissella cibaria W21, W25, and W42 strains have previously been characterized for their antagonism against a range of foodborne pathogens. However, prior to their use as protective agents, further analyses such as their safety and in situ activity are needed. The safety of W. cibaria W21, W25, and W42 strains was predicted in silico and confirmed experimentally. Analyses of their genomes using appropriate software did not reveal any acquired antimicrobial resistance genes, nor mobile genetic elements (MGEs). The survival of each strain was determined in vitro under conditions mimicking the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Thus, hemolysis analysis was performed using blood agar and the cytotoxicity assay was determined using a mixture of two cell lines (80% of Caco-2 and 20% of HT-29). We also performed the inflammation and anti-inflammation capabilities of these strains using the promonocytic human cell line U937. The Weissella strains were found to be haemolysis-negative and non-cytotoxic and did not induce any inflammation. Furthermore, these strains adhered tightly to intestinal Caco-2 cell-lines and exerted in situ anti-proliferative activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (strain MRSA S1) and Escherichia coli 181, a colistin-resistant strain. However, the W. cibaria strains showed low survival rate under simulated GIT conditions in vitro. The unusual LAB-strains W. cibaria strains W21, W25, and W42 are safe and endowed with potent antibacterial activities. These strains are therefore good candidates for industrial applications. The results of this study provide a characterization and insights into Weissella strains, which are considered unusual LAB, but which prompt a growing interest in their bio-functional properties and their potential industrial applications.

Análise das ocorrências realizadas pelo Serviço de Atendimento Médico de Urgência - SAMU/DF / Analysis of occurrences carried out by the Emergency Medical Care Service - SAMU/DF / Análisis de ocurrencias realizado por el Servicio de Atención Médica de Urgencia - SAMU/DF

Objetivo: Descrever os atendimentos prestados pelo Serviço de Atendimento Médico de Urgência do Distrito Federal. Materiais e Método: Foi realizado um estudo de natureza quan-titativa de caráter comparativo e retrospectivo em 03 anos distintos: 2009, 2012 e 2014, as amostras foram coletadas através de informações colhidas do Banco de Dados da Central de Regulação Médica do SAMU-DF. Resultados: Verificou-se que os tipos de atendimentos mais frequentes nos 3 anos estudados foram as causas clínicas, a faixa etária com maior número de atendimentos foi a de 20 a 29 anos. Conclusão: O estudo demostra a importância do monit-oramento e caracterização dos atendimentos para fornecer conhecimento das necessidades de saúde da população do Distrito Federal e assim realizar um melhor planejamento e elaboração de políticas públicas

Objective: To describe the care provided by the Emergency Medical Care Service of the Fed-eral District. Materials and Method: A comparative and retrospective quantitative study was carried out in 03 different years: 2009, 2012 and 2014, samples were collected through infor-mation collected from the Database of the Medical Regulation Center of SAMU-DF. Results: It was found that the most frequent type of consultations in the 3 years studied were clinical causes, the age group with the highest number of consultations was between 20 and 29 years old. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the importance of monitoring and characterizing care to provide knowledge of the health needs of the population of the Federal District and thus carry out better planning and elaboration of public policies

Objetivo: Describir la atención que brinda el Servicio de Atención Médica de Emergencia del Distrito Federal. Materiales y Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo comparativo y retro-spectivo en 03 años diferentes: 2009, 2012 y 2014, las muestras fueron recolectadas a través de información recopilada de la Base de Datos del Centro de Regulación Médica del SAMU-DF. Resultados: Se encontró que el tipo de consulta más frecuente en los 3 años estudiados fueron las causas clínicas, el grupo de edad con mayor número de consultas fue entre 20 y 29 años. Con-clusión: El estudio demuestra la importancia del seguimiento y caracterización de la atención para brindar conocimiento de las necesidades de salud de la población del Distrito Federal y así realizar una mejor planeación y elaboración de políticas públicas

Pseudomonas carnis isolated from blue discolored fresh cheese and insights into the phylogeny.

Most Pseudomonas spp. are responsible for spoilage in refrigerated foods such as alteration in flavor, texture and appearance. Samples of Minas Frescal cheese with blue discoloration were analysed and contained a high Pseudomonas concentration (7.72 ± 0.36 log CFU/g). Out of the 26 Pseudomonas isolates that were analyzed in our study, 19 demonstrated the capability of producing a diffusible dark pigment. Thus, a pigment-producing isolate (C020) was selected by rep-PCR fingerprinting and subsequently subjected to whole-genome sequencing. The draft genome assembled comprises 42 contigs totaling 6,366,75 bp with an average G + C content of 59.97%, and the species prediction performed by TYGS server, based on the draft genome sequence, identified the C020 as Pseudomonas carnis. In order to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of this isolate with strains already identified of this species, we performed an analysis based on whole-genomic sequences. First, an analysis of all P. carnis genomes deposited in GenBank to date shows that 11% (4/37) are misidentified, and belong to the Pseudomonas paracarnis species. A comparative analysis based on phylogenomic analysis has showed that there is no evolutionary relationship between P. carnis strains carrying second copies of trp genes related to blue discoloration (trpABCDF). This finding reinforces the assertion that these genes are contained in a mobile genetic element. However, it is worth noting that all strains carrying these secondary gene copies have exclusively been isolated from food sources. This observation provides valuable insights into the potential origins and dispersion dynamics of this genetic trait within the species.

Chlamydial and Gonococcal Genital Infections: A Narrative Review.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) constitute one of the leading causes of disease burden worldwide, leading to considerable morbidity, mortality, health expenditures, and stigma. Of note are the most common bacterial STIs, chlamydial and gonococcal infections, whose etiological agents are Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), respectively. Despite being usually asymptomatic, in some cases these infections can be associated with long-term severe complications, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and increased risk of other STIs acquisition. As the symptoms, when present, are usually similar in both infections, and in most of the cases these infections co-occur, the dual-test strategy, searching for both pathogens, should be preferred. In line with this, herein we focus on the main aspects of CT and NG infections, the clinical symptoms as well as the appropriate state-of-the-art diagnostic tests and treatment. Cost-effective strategies for controlling CT and NG infections worldwide are addressed. The treatment for both infections is based on antibiotics. However, the continuing global rise in the incidence of these infections, concomitantly with the increased risk of antibiotics resistance, leads to difficulties in their control, particularly in the case of NG infections. We also discuss the potential mechanism of tumorigenesis related to CT infections. The molecular bases of CT and NG infections are addressed, as they should provide clues for control or eradication, through the development of new drugs and/or effective vaccines against these pathogens.

Phylogenetic characterization and biodiversity of spore-forming bacteria isolated from Brazilian UHT milk.

Among the milk contaminating microorganisms, those which are able to form heat-resistant spores are concerning, especially for dairy companies that use ultra-high temperature (UHT) technology. These spores, throughout storage, can germinate and produce hydrolytic enzymes that compromise the quality of the final product. This study evaluated 184 UHT milk samples from different batches collected from seven Brazilian dairy companies with a possible microbial contamination problem. The bacteria were isolated, phenotypically characterized, clustered by REP-PCR, and identified through 16S rDNA sequencing. The presence of Bacillus sporothermodurans was verified using biochemical tests (Gram staining, catalase and oxidase test, glucose fermentation, esculin hydrolysis, nitrate reduction, and urease test). According to these tests, none of the isolates presented typical characteristics of B. sporothermodurans. In sequence, the isolates, that presented rod-shapes, were submitted to molecular analyses in order to determine the microbial biodiversity existing among them. The isolates obtained were grouped into 16 clusters, four of which were composed of only one individual. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the sequences obtained from the 16S rDNA sequencing and some reference strains of species close to those found using BLAST search in the NCBI nucleotide database. Through this tree, it was possible to verify the division of the isolates into two large groups, the Bacillus subtilis and the Bacillus cereus groups. Furthermore, most isolates are phylogenetically closely related, which makes it even more difficult to identify them at the species level. In conclusion, it was possible to assess, in general, the groups of sporulated contaminants in Brazilian UHT milk produced in the regions evaluated. In addition, it was also possible to determine the biodiversity of spore-forming bacteria found in UHT milk samples, thus opening up a range of possible research topics regarding the effects of the presence of these microorganisms on milk quality.

Effect of dentin moisture on the adhesive properties of luting fiber posts using adhesive strategies.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentin moisture (moist and dry) on the bonding of fiber posts to root dentin with different adhesive strategies (etch-and-rinse, self-etch, and self-adhesive). Seventy-two extracted single-rooted human teeth were endodontically treated and divided into six groups (n = 12) according to the moisture of dentin surface and adhesive systems as follows: a) etch-and-rinse/moist, b) etch-and-rinse/dry, c) self-etch/moist, d) self-etch/dry, e) self-adhesive/moist, and 6) self-adhesive/dry. The specimens were sectioned into six slices for push-out bond strength (BS), nanoleakage (NL) by SEM, and Vickers microhardness (VHN) of the resin cement. A universal testing machine (AG-I, Shimadzu Autograph) was used at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until post extrusion, with a load cell of 50 kg for evaluation of the push-out strength. Data on BS, NL, and VHN were evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Dentin moisture as the main factor was not significantly different for the push-out test. However, higher BS values can be observed for the etch-and-rinse group. A lower percentage of NL was found in the dry dentin groups. The moisture pattern was not significant in the hardness values for the pre-etching groups. Additional moisture did not increase the evaluated properties.

Grape Pomace as a Natural Source of Phenolic Compounds: Solvent Screening and Extraction Optimization.

The optimization of extraction by using solvents of phenolic compounds (TPh) of grape pomace (GP) based on a central composite design was investigated. The GP was characterized, and preliminary assays were conducted with five different solvents (water, ethanol, acetone, methanol, and butanol) and the aqueous mixtures thereof. Ethanol and acetone were revealed to be the best solvents for TPh extraction. The main extraction parameters (temperature-T, time-t, solvent concentration, and liquid-solid ratio-L/S) were optimized by using a central composite design. The optimized conditions for the ethanol extraction (T = 60 °C, t = 1.5 h, L/S = 25 mL/gdryGP) and for acetone (T = 50 °C, t = 1.5 h, L/S = 25 mL/gdryGP) were determined. Single-stage extraction revealed a TPh of 45.18 ± 9.51 mgGAE/gdryGP for acetone and a TPh of 38.70 ± 3.64 mgGAE/gdryGP for ethanol. The characterization of the extracts revealed the presence of gallic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid, where the concentration of the first three compounds stands out in all extracts. A three-stage extraction increased the yield of ethanol to 63.3 mg GAE/gdryGP and the yield of acetone to 59.2 mg GAE/gdryGP. Overall, both solvents allow the extraction of phenolic compounds of grape pomace, but ethanol is commonly considered a greener solvent for this purpose.

Genomic Analyses of Pediococcus pentosaceus ST65ACC, a Bacteriocinogenic Strain Isolated from Artisanal Raw-Milk Cheese.

Pediococcus pentosaceus ST65ACC was obtained from a Brazilian artisanal cheese (BAC) and characterized as bacteriocinogenic. This strain presented beneficial properties in previous studies, indicating its potential as a probiotic candidate. In this study, we aimed to carry out a genetic characterization based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS), including taxonomy, biotechnological properties, bacteriocin clusters and safety-related genes. WGS was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform and the genome was annotated with the Prokaryotic Genome Annotation (Prokka). P. pentosaceus ST65ACC taxonomy was investigated and bacteriocin genes clusters were identified by BAGEL4, metabolic pathways were analyzed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and safety-related genes were checked. P. pentosaceus ST65ACC had a total draft genome size of 1,933,194 bp with a GC content of 37.00%, and encoded 1950 protein coding sequences (CDSs), 6 rRNA, 55 tRNA, 1 tmRNA and no plasmids were detected. The analysis revealed absence of a CRISPR/Cas system, bacteriocin gene clusters for pediocin PA-1/AcH and penocin-A were identified. Genes related to beneficial properties, such as stress adaptation genes and adhesion genes, were identified. Furthermore, genes related to biogenic amines and virulence-related genes were not detected. Genes related to antibiotic resistance were identified, but not in prophage regions. Based on the obtained results, the beneficial potential of P. pentosaceus ST65ACC was confirmed, allowing its characterization as a potential probiotic candidate.

Conhecimento dos profissionais da atenção primária à saude sobre segurança do paciente em Rondônia / Knowledge of primary health care professionals about patient safety in Rondônia / Conocimiento de los profesionales de atención primaria de salud sobre la seguridad del paciente en Rondônia

INTRODUÇÃO: O programa de Segurança do Paciente tem como principal objetivo a redução a um nível mínimo aceitável do risco de danos evitáveis associados à assistência em saúde. Visando qualificar esse cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), o Conselho Nacional de Secretários de Saúde tem desenvolvido a Planificação da Atenção à Saúde (PAS) com apoio de instituições de excelência e secretarias de saúde. OBJETIVO: Identificar o conhecimento dos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde envolvidos na planificação acerca da segurança do paciente em Rondônia. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal conduzido no estado de Rondônia com profissionais e estudantes envolvidos na PAS que estiveram em um evento estadual nos dias 24 a 26 de agosto de 2022. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de formulário eletrônico em link e os dados foram analisados por meio do pacote estatístico Stata versão16. Este estudo faz parte do projeto matriz intitulado: Boas Práticas na Assistência ao Paciente, no Controle da Infecção e no Processamento de Produtos para a Saúde no Estado de Rondônia autorizado através do parecer número 3.771.377. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Do total de 160 participantes do evento, 90 indivíduos aceitaram participar deste estudo. Entre os achados, constatou-se 80,7% de conhecimento geral sobre o tema, sendo que mais de 75% dos participantes apresentaram conhecimento sobre os conceitos de segurança do paciente e quase 68% avaliaram corretamente as situações de segurança do paciente na APS. O menor nível de conhecimento foi referente às situações específicas. CONCLUSÃO: Esse estudo contribui para um diagnóstico situacional do conhecimento dos trabalhadores da APS que participam do projeto de PAS no estado de Rondônia, podendo ser utilizado para o planejamento de outras ações educativas com a temática de segurança do paciente neste estado e em outros com o mesmo perfil dos trabalhadores e organização dos serviços de saúde.

INTRODUCTION: The main objective of the Patient Safety program is to reduce the risk of avoidable harm associated with health care to an acceptable minimum level. Aiming to qualify this care in Primary Health Care (PHC), the National Council of Health Secretaries has developed the Health Care Plan (PAS) with the support of institutions of excellence and health secretariats. OBJECTIVE: To identify the knowledge of Primary Health Care professionals involved in planning about patient safety in Rondônia. METHOD: Cross-sectional study conducted in the state of Rondônia with professionals and students involved in the PAS who attended a state event from August 24 to 26, 2022. Data collection was performed using an electronic form in the link and the data were analyzed using the statistical package Stata version16. This study is part of the matrix project entitled: Good Practices in Patient Care, Infection Control and Processing of Health Products in the State of Rondônia authorized through opinion number 3,771,377. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Of the total of 160 participants in the event, 90 individuals agreed to participate in this study. Among the findings, there was 80.7% of general knowledge on the subject, with more than 75% of the participants having knowledge about patient safety concepts and almost 68% correctly assessing patient safety situations in PHC. The lowest level of knowledge was related to specific situations. CONCLUSION: This study contributes to a situational diagnosis of the knowledge of PHC workers who participate in the PAS project in the state of Rondônia, and can be used for the planning of other educational activities with the subject of patient safety in this state and in others with the aim of same profile of workers and organization of health services.

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo principal del programa de Seguridad del Paciente es reducir el riesgo de daño evitable asociado con la atención médica a un nivel mínimo aceptable. Con el objetivo de calificar este cuidado en la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS), el Consejo Nacional de Secretarías de Salud ha desarrollado el Plan de Atención a la Salud (PAS) con el apoyo de instituciones de excelencia y secretarías de salud. OBJETIVO: Identificar el conocimiento de los profesionales de la Atención Primaria de Salud involucrados en la planificación sobre la seguridad del paciente en Rondônia. MÉTODO: Estudio transversal realizado en el estado de Rondônia con profesionales y estudiantes involucrados en el PAS que asistieron a un evento estatal del 24 al 26 de agosto de 2022. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un formulario electrónico en el enlace y los datos fueron analizados. utilizando el paquete estadístico Stata versión16. Este estudio forma parte del proyecto matriz titulado: Buenas Prácticas en Atención al Paciente, Control de Infecciones y Procesamiento de Productos de Salud en el Estado de Rondônia autorizado por dictamen número 3.771.377. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: Del total de 160 participantes en el evento, 90 personas aceptaron participar en este estudio. Entre los hallazgos, se encontró un 80,7% de conocimientos generales sobre el tema, siendo más del 75% de los participantes con conocimientos sobre conceptos de seguridad del paciente y casi el 68% valorando correctamente situaciones de seguridad del paciente en la APS. El nivel más bajo de conocimiento estaba relacionado con situaciones específicas. CONCLUSIÓN: Este estudio contribuye para un diagnóstico situacional del conocimiento de los trabajadores de la APS que participan del proyecto PAS en el estado de Rondônia, y puede ser utilizado para la planificación de otras actividades educativas con el tema de seguridad del paciente en este estado y en otros con el objetivo de igualar el perfil de los trabajadores y la organización de los servicios de salud.

Effect of dentin moisture on the adhesive properties of luting fiber posts using adhesive strategies

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentin moisture (moist and dry) on the bonding of fiber posts to root dentin with different adhesive strategies (etch-and-rinse, self-etch, and self-adhesive). Seventy-two extracted single-rooted human teeth were endodontically treated and divided into six groups (n = 12) according to the moisture of dentin surface and adhesive systems as follows: a) etch-and-rinse/moist, b) etch-and-rinse/dry, c) self-etch/moist, d) self-etch/dry, e) self-adhesive/moist, and 6) self-adhesive/dry. The specimens were sectioned into six slices for push-out bond strength (BS), nanoleakage (NL) by SEM, and Vickers microhardness (VHN) of the resin cement. A universal testing machine (AG-I, Shimadzu Autograph) was used at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until post extrusion, with a load cell of 50 kg for evaluation of the push-out strength. Data on BS, NL, and VHN were evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Dentin moisture as the main factor was not significantly different for the push-out test. However, higher BS values can be observed for the etch-and-rinse group. A lower percentage of NL was found in the dry dentin groups. The moisture pattern was not significant in the hardness values for the pre-etching groups. Additional moisture did not increase the evaluated properties.

Mortalidade por COVID-19 em pessoas cardiopatas no estado de São Paulo / Mortality from COVID-19 in people with heart disease in São Paulo State / Mortalidad por COVID-19 en cardiópatas en el estado de São Paulo

Objetivo: analisar a mortalidade pela doença causada pelo coronavírus do tipo 2 (COVID-19) em pessoas com cardiopatia no estado de São Paulo. Métodos: estudo observacional, retrospectivo e analítico. Os dados foram coletados no período de 4 de fevereiro de 2020 a 25 de julho de 2021. O modelo comparando pessoas com e sem cardiopatia foi ajustado por sexo, faixa etária, obesidade e diabetes, possíveis variáveis de confusão. As comparações foram analisadas por meio do modelo de regressão log-binomial e cálculo de risco relativo. Resultados: pessoas do estado de São Paulo com cardiopatia infectadas pela COVID-19 entre 21 e 50 anos apresentaram risco maior de óbito quando comparadas as pessoas sem cardiopatia. Ainda, mulheres cardiopatas acima de 51 anos apresentaram risco menor de óbito comparadas aos homens cardiopatas na mesma faixa etária. Conclusão: pessoas com cardiopatia infectadas pelo COVID-19, principalmente homens, possuem um risco aumentado de morte no estado de São Paulo.

Objective: to examine mortality from the disease caused by type-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) in people with heart disease in São Paulo State. Methods: in this, retrospective, analytical, observational study, data were collected from February 4, 2020, to July 25, 2021. The model comparing people with and without heart disease was adjusted for the possible confounding variables sex, age group, obesity, and diabetes. Comparisons were analyzed using log-binomial regression models and relative risk calculation. Results: risk of death was higher among people between 21 and 50 years old infected by COVID-19 and with heart disease than among people without heart disease. Also, risk of death was lower among women with heart disease over 51 years old than among men with heart disease in the same age group. Conclusion: people, especially men, with heart disease and infected by COVID-19 are at increased risk of death.

Objetivo: analizar la mortalidad por la enfermedad causada por el coronavírus del tipo 2 (COVID-19) en personas cardiópatas en el estado de São Paulo. Métodos: estudio observacional, retrospectivo y analítico. Los datos se recopilaron del 4 de febrero de 2020 al 25 de julio de 2021. El modelo que compara personas con y sin cardiopatía se ajustó por sexo, grupo de edad, obesidad y diabetes, posibles variables de confusión. Las comparaciones se analizaron mediante el modelo de regresión log-binomial y el cálculo del riesgo relativo. Resultados: las personas del estado de São Paulo, con cardiopatías, infectadas por COVID-19 entre 21 y 50 años tenían mayor riesgo de muerte en comparación con las personas sin cardiopatías. Además, las mujeres con cardiopatías mayores de 51 años tenían un menor riesgo de muerte en comparación con los hombres con cardiopatías del mismo grupo de edad. Conclusión: las personas con cardiopatías infectadas por COVID-19, especialmente los hombres, tienen mayor riesgo de muerte, en el estado de São Paulo.

Covid-19 e gestantes: principais impactos na saúde mental / COVID-19 and pregnant women: main mental health impacts / Covid-19 y mujeres embarazadas: principales impactos en la salud mental

A gravidez representa um período de profundas alterações fisiológicas, inclusive psicológicas. A pandemia de covid-19 impactou a saúde mental de muitas gestantes, em decorrência das taxas de mortalidade e do isolamento social. Isso gerou uma grande preocupação no âmbito da saúde pública, devido às consequências negativas que esse problema pode causar tanto para a mãe quanto para o feto. O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar na literatura científica as repercussões da covid-19 na saúde mental das gestantes. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs e BDENF, por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), a partir dos descritores em ciência da saúde (DeCS): covid-19, gravidez e saúde mental. Foram adotados como critérios de inclusão: artigos nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, com texto completo, disponíveis online e que abordassem a temática nos anos de 2020, 2021 e 2022. Os critérios de exclusão foram: artigos repetidos, incompletos nas bases de dados, artigos de revisão, teses, dissertações, capítulos de livro e estudos que não abordassem a temática selecionada. Foram identificadas na literatura científica as principais repercussões da covid-19 na saúde mental de mulheres grávidas: ansiedade, estresse, preocupação e depressão. Evidencia-se que os impactos da covid-19 na saúde mental das gestantes podem ser percebidos pelo aumento na incidência de ansiedade, depressão, estresse e medo entre esse público.

Pregnancy is a period of profound physiological and psychological changes. The COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of many pregnant women due to mortality rates and social distancing, generating great concern in the field of public health given its negative implications to both the mother and the fetus. Thus, this integrative review sought to identify the COVID-19-related repercussions on the mental health of pregnant women. Bibliographic search was conducted on the MEDLINE, LILACS and BDENF databases, via the Virtual Health Library (BVS), based on the following health science descriptors (DeSC): "COVID-19," "pregnancy" and "mental health." Inclusion criteria consisted of articles published in Portuguese, English or Spanish, available online in full and that addressed the topic in the years 2020, 2021 and 2022. Duplicates, incomplete texts, review articles, theses, dissertations, book chapters and studies addressing other topics were excluded. According to the analyzed literature, anxiety, stress, worry and depression were the main COVID-19 repercussions on pregnant women. The impacts of COVID-19 on the mental health of pregnant women can be identified by the increased anxiety and depression, as well as stress and fear, symptoms among pregnant women.

El embarazo representa un período con profundos cambios fisiológicos, incluso psicológicos. Durante la pandemia del covid-19, muchas mujeres embarazadas sufrieron impactos en la salud mental, producto de las tasas de mortalidad y aislamiento social. En el campo de la salud pública, esto generó una gran preocupación por las implicaciones negativas que esta problemática puede traer tanto para la madre como para el feto. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar en la literatura científica las repercusiones del covid-19 en la salud mental de las embarazadas. Se trata de una revisión integradora, realizada en las bases de datos Medline, Lilacs y BDENF por medio de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), con base en los Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeSC): Covid-19; embarazo y salud mental. Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos en portugués, inglés o español, con texto completo, disponibles en línea y que abordaron el tema en los años 2020, 2021 y 2022. Los criterios de exclusión fueron artículos repetidos, incompletos en las bases de datos, artículos de revisión, disertaciones, tesis, capítulos de libros y estudios que no aborden el tema seleccionado. Se identificaron en la literatura científica las principales repercusiones del covid-19 en la salud mental de las embarazadas: ansiedad, estrés, preocupación y depresión. Se evidencia que los impactos del covid-19 en la salud mental de esta población pueden ser percibidos por el aumento de la incidencia de ansiedad, depresión, estrés y miedo entre las embarazadas.

Therapeutic Options for Chlamydia trachomatis Infection: Present and Future.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection, have serious consequences for sexual and reproductive health worldwide. Ct is one of the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infections in the world, with approximately 129 million new cases per year. C. trachomatis is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. The infection is usually asymptomatic, notwithstanding, it could also be associated with severe sequels and complications, such as chronic pain, infertility, and gynecologic cancers, and thus there is an urgent need to adequately treat these cases in a timely manner. Consequently, beyond its individual effects, the infection also impacts the economy of the countries where it is prevalent, generating a need to consider the hypothesis of implementing Chlamydia Screening Programs, a decision that, although it is expensive to execute, is a necessary investment that unequivocally will bring financial and social long-term advantages worldwide. To detect Ct infection, there are different methodologies available. Nucleic acid amplification tests, with their high sensitivity and specificity, are currently the first-line tests for the detection of Ct. When replaced by other detection methods, there are more false negative tests, leading to underreported cases and a subsequent underestimation of Ct infection's prevalence. Ct treatment is based on antibiotic prescription, which is highly associated with drug resistance. Therefore, currently, there have been efforts in line with the development of alternative strategies to effectively treat this infection, using a drug repurposing method, as well as a natural treatment approach. In addition, researchers have also made some progress in the Ct vaccine development over the years, despite the fact that it also necessitates more studies in order to finally establish a vaccination plan. In this review, we have focused on the therapeutic options for treating Ct infection, expert recommendations, and major difficulties, while also exploring the possible avenues through which to face this issue, with novel approaches beyond those proposed by the guidelines of Health Organizations.