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1.
Arch Pediatr ; 28(5): 411-416, 2021 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34034929

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the prognostic significance of initial central nervous system (CNS) involvement of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) enrolled in the EORTC 58951 trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1998 to 2008, 1930 ALL patients were included in the randomized EORTC 58951 trial. Overall treatment intensity was adjusted according to known prognostic factors including the level of minimal residual disease after induction treatment. CNS-directed therapy comprised four to 11 courses of i.v. methotrexate (5g/m2), and 10 to 19 intrathecal chemotherapy injections, depending on risk group and CNS status. Cranial irradiation was omitted for all patients. RESULTS: The overall 8-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 81.3% and 88.1%, respectively. In the CNS-1, TPL+, CNS-2, and CNS-3 groups, the 8-year EFS rates were 82.1%, 77.1%, 78.3%, and 57.4%, respectively. Multivariable analysis indicated that initial CNS-3 status, but not CNS-2 or TLP+, was an independent adverse predictor of outcome. The 8-year incidence of isolated CNS relapse was 1.7% and of isolated or combined CNS relapse it was 3.7%. NCI high-risk group, male sex, CNS-2 and CNS-3 status were independent predictors for a higher incidence of any CNS relapse. CONCLUSIONS: CNS-3 status remains associated with poor prognosis and requires intensification of both systemic and CNS-directed therapy. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/under/NCT00003728.


Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Central/anormalidades , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/diagnóstico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Adolescente , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Sistema Nervoso Central/fisiopatologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Irradiação Craniana/tendências , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pediatria/métodos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/complicações , Prognóstico , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Trials ; 20(1): 783, 2019 Dec 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31881992

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in infants and needs to be diagnosed quickly. However, the symptoms are non-specific, and diagnosis can only be confirmed after high quality urinalysis. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends suprapubic aspiration (1-9% contamination) and urinary catheterization (8-14% contamination) for urine collection but both these procedures are invasive. Recent studies have shown a new non-invasive method of collecting urine, bladder stimulation, to be quick and safe. However, few data about bacterial contamination rates have been published for this technique. We hypothesize that the contamination rate of urine collection by bladder stimulation to diagnose febrile UTI in infants under 6 months is equivalent to that of urinary catheterization. METHODS/DESIGN: This trial aims to assess equivalence in terms of bacterial contamination of urinary samples collected by urinary catheterization and bladder stimulation to diagnose UTI. Seven hundred seventy infants under 6 months presenting with unexplained fever in one of four Pediatric Emergency Departments in France will be enrolled. Each child will be randomized into a bladder stimulation or urinary catheterization group. The primary endpoints will be the validity of the urine sample assessed by the presence of contamination on bacterial culture. CONCLUSION: A high recruitment rate is achievable due to the high prevalence of suspected UTIs in infants. The medical risk is the same as that for routine clinical care as we analyze patients with isolated fever. If our hypothesis holds true and the rate of urine contamination collected by bladder stimulation is acceptable, the infants included in the study will have benefited from a non-invasive and reliable means of collecting urine. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03801213. Registered on 11 January 2019.


Assuntos
Estimulação Física/métodos , Cateterismo Urinário/métodos , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Coleta de Urina/métodos , Urina/microbiologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Projetos de Pesquisa , Urinálise/métodos , Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia
4.
J Mycol Med ; 27(4): 449-456, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29132793

RESUMO

The increase use of immunosuppressive treatments in patients with solid cancer and/or inflammatory diseases requires revisiting our practices for the prevention of infectious risk in the care setting. A review of the literature by a multidisciplinary working group at the beginning of 2014 wished to answer the following 4 questions to improve healthcare immunocompromised patients: (I) How can we define immunocompromised patients with high, intermediate and low infectious risk, (II) which air treatment should be recommended for this specific population? (III) What additional precautions should be recommended for immunocompromised patients at risk for infection? (IV) Which global environmental control should be recommended? Based on data from the literature and using the GRADE method, we propose 15 recommendations that could help to reduce the risk of infection in these exposed populations.


Assuntos
Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Controle de Infecções , Infecções , Microbiologia do Ar , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , França , Humanos , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Fatores de Risco
5.
Bone Marrow Transplant ; 52(5): 678-682, 2017 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28112748

RESUMO

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) contributes to improved outcome in childhood acute leukemia (AL). However, therapeutic options are poorly defined in the case of post-transplantation relapse. We aimed to compare treatment strategies in 334 consecutive children with acute leukemia relapse or progression after SCT in a recent 10-year period. Data could be analyzed in 288 patients (157 ALL, 123 AML and 8 biphenotypic AL) with a median age of 8.16 years at transplantation. The median delay from first SCT to relapse or progression was 182 days. The treatment consisted of chemotherapy alone (n=108), chemotherapy followed by second SCT (n=70), supportive/palliative care (n=67), combination of chemotherapy and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI; n=30), or isolated reinfusion of donor lymphocytes (DLI; n=13). The median OS duration after relapse was 164 days and differed according to therapy: DLI after chemotherapy=385 days, second allograft=391 days, chemotherapy=174 days, DLI alone=140 days, palliative care=43 days. A second SCT or a combination of chemotherapy and DLI yielded similar outcome (hazard ratio (HR)=0.85, P=0.53) unlike chemotherapy alone (HR=1.43 P=0.04), palliative care (HR=4.24, P<0.0001) or isolated DLI (HR=1,94, P<0.04). Despite limitations in this retrospective setting, strategies including immunointervention appear superior to other approaches, mostly in AML.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Leucemia/terapia , Doença Aguda , Criança , Progressão da Doença , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/mortalidade , Humanos , Leucemia/mortalidade , Leucemia Aguda Bifenotípica/mortalidade , Leucemia Aguda Bifenotípica/terapia , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidade , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/terapia , Transfusão de Linfócitos , Cuidados Paliativos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/mortalidade , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Transplante Homólogo , Falha de Tratamento , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Bone Marrow Transplant ; 52(4): 516-521, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27941778

RESUMO

We analyzed the impact of cytogenetics on 193 children enrolled in two successive French trials (LAME89/91 and ELAM02), who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during CR1. Detailed karyotype was available for 66/74 (89%) in LAME89/91 and 118/119 (99%) in ELAM02. Several karyotype and transplant characteristics differed according to therapeutic protocol: unfavorable karyotypes were more frequent in ELAM02 (36% vs 18%), pretransplant chemotherapy included high-dose cytarabine in ELAM02 and not in LAME89/91, IV replaced oral busulfan in the conditioning regimen, methotrexate was removed from post-transplant immunosuppression, and matched unrelated donor and cord blood transplantation were introduced. Five-year overall survival (OS) was 78.2% in LAME89 and 81.4% in ELAM02. OS was significantly lower for the unfavorable cytogenetic risk group in LAME89/91 when compared with intermediate and favorable groups (50% vs 90.6 and 86.4%, P=0.001). This difference was no longer apparent in ELAM02 (80.9% vs 71.3% and 5/5, respectively). Survival improvement for children with unfavorable karyotype was statistically significant (P=0.026) and was due to decrease in relapse risk. Five-year transplantation-related mortality was 6.75% in LAME89/91. In ELAM02, it was 3.2% for patients with a sibling donor and 10.9% with an unrelated donor or cord blood. We conclude that the outcome of children with unfavorable karyotype transplanted in CR1 has improved.


Assuntos
Citogenética , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/terapia , Criança , Feminino , França , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/mortalidade , Humanos , Cariotipagem , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidade , Masculino , Indução de Remissão , Análise de Sobrevida , Transplante Homólogo , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Pathol Biol (Paris) ; 62(4): 212-7, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24973860

RESUMO

In this report, we address the issue of late-effects after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in children. In an effort to harmonize clinical practices between different French transplantation centers, the French Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy (SFGM-TC) set up the fourth annual series of workshops which brought together practitioners from all member centers and took place in September 2013 in Lille.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco/efeitos adversos , Transplante Homólogo/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , França , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Fatores de Risco , Transplante de Células-Tronco/métodos , Transplante de Células-Tronco/normas , Transplante Homólogo/métodos , Transplante Homólogo/normas , Adulto Jovem
8.
Pathol Biol (Paris) ; 62(3): 156-61, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24875455

RESUMO

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a curative treatment for hematological malignancies. This therapeutic approach is associated with a profound immune deficiency and an increased rate of opportunistic infections. Nocardiosis is a rare bacterial infection occurring mainly in patients with deficient cell-mediated immunity, such as AIDS patients or transplant recipients. Diagnosis of nocardiosis can be challenging, as signs and symptoms are non-specific. Routine prophylaxis with trimethoprin/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) does not prevent the risk of infection. Between May 2001 and December 2009, five cases of nocardiosis were diagnosed from the 366 allogeneic HCT recipients in our centre. Four patients developed a disseminated nocardiosis within the first year after HCT. The fifth patient presented a localized cutaneous nocardiosis. In disseminated cases, median total CD4+ T-cells were below 100 cells/µL. Naive CD4+ CD45RA+/RO- T-cells were almost undetectable. CD8(+) T-cells and NK cells were below the normal range and CD19+ B-cell reconstitution was completely deficient. In a localized case, we observed a lack of naive thymic emigrants CD4+ CD45RA+/RO- T-cells.


Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea , Linfopenia/complicações , Nocardiose/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Aloenxertos/imunologia , Anemia Refratária com Excesso de Blastos/terapia , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Função Retardada do Enxerto , Feminino , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Neoplasias Hematológicas/terapia , Hematopoese , Humanos , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Contagem de Linfócitos , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nocardiose/etiologia , Nocardiose/imunologia
9.
Bone Marrow Transplant ; 49(3): 382-8, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24317131

RESUMO

Allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (HSCT) appears to be an efficient tool to cure high-risk AML in first CR but the choice between BU-based or TBI-based conditioning regimens still remains controversial. In order to analyze the impact of conditioning regimen on long-term survival, we conducted a retrospective analysis from French registry data including all consecutive patients under 18 years old (n=226) from 1980 to 2004 transplanted for AML in CR1 from sibling (n=142) or matched unrelated donors and given either TBI-1200 cGy and CY 120 mg/kg (TBI-Cy, n=84) or BU 16 mg/kg and CY 200 mg/kg (BuCy200, n=142). Patient subgroups were comparable for all criteria except for median age at diagnosis and HSCT and for donor type. Both 5-year OS and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly better in BuCy200 group (P=0.02 and 0.005, respectively). In multivariate analysis, both HLA matching and BuCy200 appeared as good prognostic factors for treatment-related mortality and DFS. Grade 2-4 acute GvHD and chronic GvHD rates were statistically higher in TBI-Cy group than in Bu-Cy200 one with a RR at 2 (P=0.002). In total, Bu-Cy200 conditioning regimen gives better outcome compared with TBI-Cy irrespective of the stem cell source and the donor type.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/terapia , Condicionamento Pré-Transplante/métodos , Adolescente , Peso Corporal , Bussulfano/química , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Feminino , França , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro , Humanos , Lactente , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/mortalidade , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Recidiva , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Irmãos , Sociedades Médicas , Doadores de Tecidos , Transplante Homólogo , Resultado do Tratamento , Irradiação Corporal Total
10.
Br J Cancer ; 109(10): 2523-32, 2013 Nov 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24149176

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) may provide donor cytotoxic T cell-/NK cell-mediated disease control in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). However, little is known about the prevalence of graft-vs-RMS effects and only a few case experiences have been reported. METHODS: We evaluated allo-SCT outcomes of 30 European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)-registered patients with advanced RMS regarding toxicity, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after allo-SCT. Twenty patients were conditioned with reduced intensity and ten with high-dose chemotherapy. Twenty-three patients were transplanted with HLA-matched and seven with HLA-mismatched grafts. Three patients additionally received donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs). Median follow-up was 9 months. RESULTS: Three-year OS was 20% (s.e.±8%) with a median survival time of 12 months. Cumulative risk of progression was 67% (s.e.±10%) and 11% (s.e.±6%) for death of complications. Thirteen patients developed acute graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) and five developed chronic GvHD. Eighteen patients died of disease and four of complications. Eight patients survived in complete remission (CR) (median: 44 months). No patients with residual disease before allo-SCT were converted to CR. CONCLUSION: The use of allo-SCT in patients with advanced RMS is currently experimental. In a subset of patients, it may constitute a valuable approach for consolidating CR, but this needs to be validated in prospective trials.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Rabdomiossarcoma/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/etiologia , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/mortalidade , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/epidemiologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rabdomiossarcoma/mortalidade , Transplante Homólogo , Adulto Jovem
11.
Pathol Biol (Paris) ; 61(4): 160-3, 2013 Aug.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24011958

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To set up the minimal conditions necessary to ensure that the social and familial network of the patient is preserved during the hospital stay for allogeneic hematopoïetic stem cell transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A national survey was conducted to increase knowledge about the conditions of hospital stay of adult and pediatric stem cell recipients. Then a multidisciplinary panel of health workers including doctors and nurses met to establish recommendations for maintaining the social and familial relationships optimally during the HSCT procedure. RESULTS: Practices and policies are very heterogeneous among the transplant centers. No consensus has been established and the literature data are scarce. The panel has thus established a list of recommendations to maintain optimal relationships between the patient and his relatives and friends during the hospital stay. The objective is to ensure a better acceptation of the isolation conditions and to facilitate the return home after D30. CONCLUSION: Since there is no established scientific background for drastic isolation conditions, a multi-disciplinary approach in relationship with patients associations should allow softening of the procedures without impairing the quality of care.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/normas , Tempo de Internação , Apoio Social , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Consenso , Coleta de Dados , Família , França/epidemiologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/psicologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Transplante Homólogo , Visitas a Pacientes/estatística & dados numéricos
12.
Arch Pediatr ; 20(7): 723-30, 2013 Jul.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23769628

RESUMO

RATIONALE: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD). Cerebral vasculopathy was the principal indication for transplantation. These children could present impaired neuropsychological development related to different causes, hence the value of exploring their intellectual capacities before and after transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study from 1992 to 2006 in all transplanted SCD patients. The patients were assessed using Wechsler scales with four different indices: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed (PSI), providing a full-scale intellectual quotient (IQ). RESULTS: Fifteen SCD patients (8 females and 7 males; mean age, 8.9 years) were evaluated before and 36 and 60 months after transplantation. All were from Africa and lived in France. All patients except 2 had experienced ischemic stroke before HSCT. The median full-scale IQ was 87, 94, and 94 before transplantation and 36 months and 60 months after HSCT, respectively. DISCUSSION: At pre-HSCT evaluation, full-scale IQ was considered as "low average". This relatively poor result could be related to impairment of PSI, which reflects frequent graphic and motor abnormalities related to the previous stroke experienced by almost all patients. At 3 years after HSCT, all indices including IQ had increased. Only the PSI had decreased, this observation being potentially related to previous stroke and to the depression frequently experienced by the transplant recipient patient after the acute phase, when the disease is cured. At 5 years after HSCT, the median full-scale IQ was stable and the PSI had increased. CONCLUSION: At the end of follow-up, the patients improved their physical and psychological well-being. This allowed them to build projects for the future and to manifest the desire of becoming an adult. Bone marrow transplantation in this cohort of children with SCD and severe cerebral vasculopathy is associated with improved performance as measured by the Wechsler scale.


Assuntos
Anemia Falciforme/terapia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Testes de Inteligência , Anemia Falciforme/psicologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Período Pós-Operatório , Período Pré-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações
13.
Bone Marrow Transplant ; 48(11): 1401-8, 2013 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23749103

RESUMO

We report French prospective experience with reduced-intensity conditioning-allo-SCT in 46 patients (median age: 15.5 years, 4.8-20.2) presenting high-risk AL (n=11), Hodgkin's lymphoma (n=15) or solid tumors (n=20). Graft sources were BM (n=21), PBSC (n=20) and cord blood (CB; n=5) from related (n=20) or unrelated (n=26) donors. For CB grafts, only one patient out of five achieved sustained engraftment. For PBSC/BM grafts, engraftment rate was 95%, hematopoietic recovery times were not significantly different between BM, PBSC, sibling or unrelated grafts, day+100. Full donor chimerism was achieved in 94% of patients, and incidences of primary acute GVHD and chronic GVHD were 49% and 14%, respectively. Underlying disease was fatal in 39% of patients. TRM was 6.9%. Three-year OS was 49.15%. OS and EFS were not significantly different between patients transplanted with different grafts and with or without primary GVHD. Patients with solid tumor or measurable disease at transplant had poorer outcomes. Three-year EFS: 33.3% for ALL, 75.0% for AML, 51.8% for Hodgkin's lymphoma, 28.6% for neuroblastoma and 22.2% for sarcoma patients. This multicentre study concluded that Bu/fludarabine/anti-thymocyte globulin conditioning with PB or BM, related or unrelated grafts in patients with various malignancies at high-risk for transplantation toxicity results in high engraftment rates, low TRM and acceptable survival.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Neoplasias/terapia , Condicionamento Pré-Transplante/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , França , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Doadores de Tecidos , Transplante Homólogo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
14.
J Oncol Pharm Pract ; 19(1): 8-17, 2013 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22623276

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: A cost-benefit analysis was carried out to determine the potential economic costs and benefits of pharmaceutical analysis in preventing prescribing errors for full standardized injectable antineoplastic drugs computerized physician order entry, in a pharmaceutical unit (University teaching hospital), compared with theoretical setting with no pharmaceutical analysis. The viewpoint is that of the payer or the French national Public Health Insurance system, and is limited to hospital cost (only direct medical costs related to net cost and net benefit. A decision analysis model was performed to compare two strategies: with pharmaceutical analysis (± pharmacy intervention) and without pharmaceutical analysis. RESULTS: are expressed in terms of benefit-to-cost ratio and total benefit. The robustness of the results was assessed through a series of one-way sensitivity analyses. Over 1 year, prescribing error incidence was estimated at 1.5% [1.3-1.7], i.e. 218 avoided prescribing errors. Potential avoidance of hospital stay was estimated at 419 days or 1.9 ± 0.3 days per prescribing error. Cost-benefit analysis could estimate a net benefit-to-cost ratio of 33.3 (€17.34/€0.52) and a total benefit at €16.82 per pharmaceutical analysis or €249,844 per year. The sensitivity analysis showed robustness of results. Our study shows a substantial economic benefit of pharmaceutical analysis and intervention in the prevention of prescribing errors. The clinical pharmacist adds both value and economic benefit, making it possible to avoid additional use of expensive antineoplastic drugs and hospitalization. Computerized physician order entry of antineoplastic drugs improves the relevance of clinical pharmacist interventions, expanding pharmaceutical analysis and also the role of the pharmacist.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Prescrição Inadequada/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia , Farmacêuticos , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar , Médicos , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/economia , Análise Custo-Benefício , Árvores de Decisões , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/economia , Prescrição Eletrônica , Feminino , França , Custos Hospitalares , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Prescrição Inadequada/economia , Injeções , Masculino , Modelos Econômicos , Neoplasias/economia , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/economia , Papel Profissional , Recursos Humanos
15.
J Clin Microbiol ; 49(3): 1058-63, 2011 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21227993

RESUMO

The aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of a combination of two quantitative Aspergillus PCR assays, targeting a mitochondrial and a ribosomal target, in patients with risk factors for invasive aspergillosis (IA) and positive galactomannan (GM) antigen. Forty-four patients with hematological malignancies and risk factors for IA according to revised European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group criteria (EORTC/MSG) criteria and presenting at least two sequential GM-positive sera were included in the study. Mitochondrial PCR was carried out prospectively on all GM-positive serum samples. Ribosomal PCR was carried out retrospectively on frozen stored sera. The sensitivities of mitochondrial and ribosomal PCRs were 58% and 50%, respectively. The diagnostic test performance was improved by using a combination of both PCR assays and by considering a patient PCR positive when at least two positive results were obtained. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were 65%, 94%, and 11.8 and 0.37, respectively. A significant association between fatal outcome at 90 days and positive results of ribosomal PCR assays was observed (adjusted hazard ratio = 8.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0 to 65.8; P = 0.048). Our results showed that the combination of two PCR assays targeting mitochondrial and ribosomal Aspergillus DNA improves the sensitivity of PCR in the diagnosis of IA in hematological patients with risk factors and positive GM results. This study also confirms that a positive PCR result is associated with a poor prognosis in these patients and should lead to specific antifungal therapy being introduced immediately.


Assuntos
Aspergillus/isolamento & purificação , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Aspergilose Pulmonar Invasiva/diagnóstico , Micologia/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Aspergillus/genética , Criança , DNA Fúngico/isolamento & purificação , DNA Mitocondrial/isolamento & purificação , DNA Ribossômico/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Galactose/análogos & derivados , Humanos , Masculino , Mananas/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto Jovem
16.
Bone Marrow Transplant ; 46(6): 858-62, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20729925

RESUMO

Digestive cryptosporidiosis (DC) can mimic GVHD after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), thus requiring a reduction of immunosuppressive drugs and a specific therapy, whereas GVHD requires an intensification of immunosuppression. We systematically searched for cryptosporidiosis by light microscopy, immunochromatography and PCR in HSCT recipients who presented with at least one episode of diarrhoea. Of 115 consecutive patients allografted between July 2006 and November 2008, we analysed stools in 52 of 56 patients meeting these criteria. We identified Cryptosporidium parvum in 5 of the 52 patients (9.6%) at a median of 503 days (range 20-790) after HSCT. In those five patients, the median CD4+ cell and B lymphocyte counts were 60/mm3 (0-234) and 0/mm3 (0-96), respectively. Two patients died of invasive fungal infections. In the other three patients, diarrhoea disappeared after a median of 5 weeks following onset of bitherapy with azithromycine and nitazoxanide; they were still alive 433, 380 and 1179 days after the DC diagnosis. DC is probably under diagnosed after HSCT because it is difficult to detect during the asymptomatic phase. Early bitherapy and reduction of immunosuppression seem efficacious. In our series, DC has a seasonal pattern and is promoted by profound T lymphopenia.


Assuntos
Criptosporidiose/diagnóstico , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Animais , Azitromicina/uso terapêutico , Criptosporidiose/etiologia , Criptosporidiose/terapia , Cryptosporidium parvum/isolamento & purificação , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/diagnóstico , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Humanos , Terapia de Imunossupressão/efeitos adversos , Linfopenia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nitrocompostos , Tiazóis/uso terapêutico , Transplante Homólogo , Adulto Jovem
18.
Int J Med Inform ; 79(10): 699-706, 2010 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20829102

RESUMO

PURPOSE: In the context of CPOE of standardized antineoplastic drugs, the objectives of the present study were to determine the incidence of prescribing medication errors (PME) and to analyse PME related to antineoplastic treatment in university teaching hospitals. METHODS: All consecutive prescribing medication orders over 1 year were analysed prospectively. Potential clinical impact was quoted according to the Hatoum scale and risk factors identified with a logistic-regression model. RESULTS: A total of 14,854 prescriptions were analysed. The PME incidence was estimated at 1.5% [1.3-1.7], i.e. 15 errors per 1000 prescribing medication orders, with a significant or very significant potential clinical impact in 62.9% of cases. Potentially death-threatening events were avoided in 3.7% of cases. Overall, PME incidence related to significant, very significant or vital potential clinical impact was estimated to be 1.0% [0.8-1.2], i.e. 10 errors per 1000 prescribing medication orders. The most common type of error was related to antineoplastic drug dosage (61.0%): inadequate adaptation (43.1%), not taking alarms into account (16.1%), incorrect weight (0.9%), incorrect unit (0.9%). More than 20% of PME are medication errors directly linked to the prescribing medication order (choice of antineoplastic treatment, double-prescribing medication order, forgotten or not validated by a resident or senior physician). Occasional users of the CPOE system and resident physicians were identified as main PME risk factors. CONCLUSION: An epidemiologic survey of PME in the context of the use of a partial CPOE has allowed to determine the incidence and epidemiology of PME as well as the potential clinical impact they represent. Two risk factors have emerged that can be considered from an organization and software points of view. Better pharmacist's analysis of prescribing medication order within the CPOE system could possibly minimize duplication of antineoplasic drugs and the vital clinical impact associated with overdosage.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Sistemas de Registro de Ordens Médicas , Erros de Medicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intravenosas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
19.
Leukemia ; 24(12): 2023-31, 2010 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20861920

RESUMO

Risk-adjusted treatment stratification in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (T-ALLs) is currently based only on early response to chemotherapy. We investigated the prognostic implication of hyperactivation of NOTCH pathway resulting from mutations of NOTCH1 or FBXW7 in children with T-ALL enrolled in EORTC-CLG trials. Overall, 80 out of 134 (60%) patients were NOTCH+ (NOTCH1 and/or FBXW7 mutated). Although clinical presentations were not significantly associated with NOTCH status, NOTCH+ patients showed a better early response to chemotherapy as compared with NOTCH- patients, according to the rate of poor pre-phase 'responders' (25% versus 44%; P=0.02) and the incidence of high minimal residual disease (MRD) levels (11% (7/62) versus 32% (10/31); P=0.01) at completion of induction. However, the outcome of NOTCH+ patients was similar to that of NOTCH- patients, with a 5-year event-free survival (EFS) of 73% and 70% (P=0.82), and 5-year overall survival of 82% and 79% (P=0.62), respectively. In patients with high MRD levels, the 5-year EFS rate was 0% (NOTCH+) versus 42% (NOTCH-), whereas in those with low MRD levels, the outcome was similar: 76% (NOTCH+) versus 78% (NOTCH-). The incidence of isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapses was relatively high in NOTCH1+ patients (8.3%), which could be related to a higher propensity of NOTCH+ leukemic blasts to target the CNS.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Proteínas F-Box/genética , Mutação , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células T Precursoras/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células T Precursoras/genética , Receptor Notch1/genética , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligases/genética , Criança , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Proteína 7 com Repetições F-Box-WD , Humanos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células T Precursoras/mortalidade , Estudos Prospectivos
20.
Ann Dermatol Venereol ; 136(4): 346-9, 2009 Apr.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19361702

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Infantile myofibromatosis (IM) is the most common fibrous disorder of infancy and childhood. It is characterized by congenital tumours of the skin, striated muscle, bones and viscera. Most cases are sporadic and few familial cases have been reported. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We describe a 5-month-old girl presenting with two congenital nodules. The diagnosis of infantile myofibromatosis was based on clinical and histopathological examination. Surgical excision was performed and there was no relapse at six years. The patient's brother presented multiple nodules and toe necrosis at birth due to infantile myofibromatosis. Two months later, the congenital nodules increased in size and new nodules developed. Surgical excision was performed. At 11 months of age, the boy presented with cranial relapse and bone resorption at P3 of the third right toe. The clinical and radiological investigations were normal. DISCUSSION: Three clinical forms of IM have been described: solitary cutaneous nodules, multiple cutaneous nodules and generalized MI with visceral involvement. The prognosis is good except in generalized MI. All familial cases of MI may be interpreted as autosomal dominant or alternatively there may be genetic heterogeneity. Strict follow-up is recommended to identify potentially life-threatening complications. Spontaneous regression usually occurs but in some cases the treatment of choice is surgical removal.


Assuntos
Mielofibrose Primária/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Doenças da Unha/patologia , Doenças da Unha/cirurgia , Mielofibrose Primária/cirurgia , Irmãos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia
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