RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by immune and metabolic dysregulation. Apo1/Fas is implicated in maintaining homeostasis of the immune system. Cytokeratin-18 (cCK-18) is a predictive marker of liver disorders in T2DM. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is considered to increase susceptibility to diabetes mellitus. All three markers are associated with endothelial function, apoptosis and diabetes-related complications. The possible role of Apo1/Fas, cCK-18 and ICAM-1 was investigated in children and adolescents with T1DM. METHOD: Forty-nine (49) children and adolescents with T1DM and 49 controls were included in the study. Somatometric measurements were obtained and the Body Mass Index (BMI) of the participants was calculated. Biochemical parameters were measured by standard laboratory methods and Apo1/Fas, cCK-18 and ICAM-1 were measured using appropriate ELISA kits. The statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program. RESULTS: Apo1/Fas (p = 0.001), cCK-18 (p < 0.001) and ICAM-1 (p < 0.001) were higher in patients with T1DM compared to the controls. Apo1Fas was negatively correlated with glucose (p = 0.042), uric acid (p = 0.026), creatinine (p = 0.022), total cholesterol (p = 0.023) and LDL (p = 0.005) in the controls. In children and adolescents with T1DM, Apo1/Fas was positively correlated with total cholesterol (p = 0.013) and LDL (p = 0.003). ICAM-1 was negatively correlated with creatinine (p = 0.019) in the controls, whereas in patients with T1DM it was negatively correlated with HbA1c (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Apo1/Fas, cCK-18 and ICAM-1 may be useful as serological markers for immune and metabolic dysregulation in children and adolescents with T1DM. Also, Apo1/Fas may have a protective role against metabolic complications in healthy children.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular , Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangue , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular/sangue , Criança , Adolescente , Masculino , Feminino , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Queratina-18/sangue , Receptor fas/sangue , Apoptose , Apolipoproteína A-I/sangueRESUMO
Obesity is an emerging threat and a current challenge for children and adolescents worldwide. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the relationship between the Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) and the weight status of students in early adolescence. A sample of 1580 students aged 10-12 years from 47 primary schools in Greece were enrolled. Anthropometric characteristics were assessed, and calculation of the Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to categorize students into two weight-status groups. Dietary habits and physical activity were evaluated using a self-completed questionnaire, and the DAI was calculated through derived micronutrients' content, along with energy, macro-, and micro-nutrient intake. Crude and adjusted regression analysis showed a significant inverse association of the DAI and body weight status (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.719, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.576; 0.897, and adjusted Odds Ration (aOR): 0.667, 95% CI: 0.489; 0.907). An antioxidant diet seems to play a protective role against increased body weight among students in early adolescence. Thus, dietary patterns rich in antioxidants should be promoted to facilitate healthy habits early in life, and to fight the obesity threat.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Dieta , Estudantes , Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Feminino , Antioxidantes/análise , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Grécia/epidemiologia , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Alimentar , Instituições Acadêmicas , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Obesidade Infantil/etiologia , Exercício Físico , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Obesity in children and adolescents has been associated with oxidative stress (OS). The lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) that oxidatively modify proteins (Pr) (i.e., PrMDA and PrTBARS, respectively) represent markers of OS-associated lipid peroxidation. We aimed to assess OS in children and adolescents with obesity using-for the first time-markers involved in the early and late lipid oxidation process. LOOH, PrMDA, and PrTBARS were investigated in 41 children and adolescents with obesity and 31 controls. Obesity was defined as BMI > 95% for age and sex. The PrMDA/PrTBARS pair, which reflects a late peroxidation stage, was found to be significantly high (39%/180%) in children and adolescents with obesity compared to controls (p < 0.001). Similarly, the early LOOH peroxidation stage marker was increased by 30%. The studied OS parameters were not influenced by sex or age. Our study introduces LOOH, PrTBARS, and PrMDA as markers for evaluating OS in children and adolescents with obesity. LOOH, PrTBARS, and PrMDA may also hold promise as prognostic markers for potential obesity-associated long-term complications.
RESUMO
Postprandial dysmetabolism is a common entity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may act as a daily stressor of the already dysfunctional diabetic platelets. This study aims to investigate whether oleocanthal-rich olive oils (OO), incorporated into a carbohydrate-rich meal, can affect postprandial dysmetabolism and platelet aggregation. Oleocanthal is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor with putative antiplatelet properties. In this randomized, single-blinded, crossover study, ten T2DM patients consumed five isocaloric meals containing 120 g white bread combined with: (i) 39 g butter, (ii) 39 g butter and 400 mg ibuprofen, (iii) 40 mL OO (phenolic content < 10 mg/Kg), (iv) 40 mL OO with 250 mg/Kg oleocanthal and (v) 40 mL OO with 500 mg/Kg oleocanthal. Metabolic markers along with ex vivo ADP- and thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP)-induced platelet aggregation were measured before and for 4 h after the meals. The glycemic and lipidemic response was similar between meals. However, a sustained (90-240 min) dose-dependent reduction in platelets' sensitivity to both ADP (50-100%) and TRAP (20-50%) was observed after the oleocanthal meals in comparison to OO or butter meals. The antiplatelet effect of the OO containing 500 mg/Kg oleocanthal was comparable to that of the ibuprofen meal. In conclusion, the consumption of meals containing oleocanthal-rich OO can reduce platelet activity during the postprandial period, irrespective of postprandial hyperglycemia and lipidemia.
Assuntos
Aldeídos , Monoterpenos Ciclopentânicos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Fenóis , Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Azeite de Oliva/farmacologia , Ibuprofeno , Estudos Cross-Over , Período Pós-Prandial , ManteigaRESUMO
Oxidative stress and apoptosis are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. This observational study investigates the antioxidant and apoptotic markers response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in a population of overweight children and adolescents, with normal (NGT) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Glucose, insulin, and C-peptide concentrations, as well as oxidative stress (SOD, GPx3) and apoptotic markers (Apo1fas, cck18), were determined at T = 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min after glucose intake during OGTT. The lipid profile, thyroid function, insulin-like growth factor1, leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin were also measured at baseline. The 45 participants, with a mean age of 12.15 (±2.3) years old, were divided into two subcategories: those with NGΤ (n = 31) and those with IGT (n = 14). The area under the curve (AUC) of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide was greater in children with IGT; however, only glucose differences were statistically significant. SOD and GPx3 levels were higher at all time points in the IGT children. Apo1fas and cck18 levels were higher in the NGT children at most time points, whereas Adiponectin was lower in the IGT group. Glucose increased during an OGTT accompanied by a simultaneous increase in antioxidant factors, which may reflect a compensatory mechanism against the impending increase in oxidative stress in children with IGT.
Assuntos
Intolerância à Glucose , Resistência à Insulina , Humanos , Adolescente , Criança , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Antioxidantes , Glicemia , Peptídeo C , Adiponectina , Resistência à Insulina/fisiologia , Glucose , Insulina , Obesidade , Aumento de Peso , Superóxido DismutaseRESUMO
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Cardiovascular diseases are common complications after chemotherapy due to the effect of the drug on lipid levels. This study aimed to explore the changes in lipid profiles in patients with breast cancer under chemotherapy. METHODS: In this prospective study, 50 patients with breast cancer participated. Three biochemical-lipid hematological tests were performed: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C), and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C) before initiation (pre-chemotherapy), at the start (first follow-up), and at the completion (second follow-up) of the first cycle of chemotherapy. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistical Software (version 22.0). RESULTS: Mean TC values increased significantly at second follow-up. TGs values decreased significantly from first to second follow-up. HDL-C was significantly lower at first follow-up compared with pre-chemotherapy and was similar to the pre-chemotherapy levels at second follow-up. LDL-C values were significantly higher at second follow-up compared with pre-chemotherapy measurement. Significantly positive correlations of BMI with pre-chemotherapy LDL-C, first follow-up TC, first follow-up LDL-C, second follow-up TC, and second follow-up LDL-C were found. CONCLUSIONS: There is a statistically significant increase in the levels of TC and LDL-C in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. This study was not registered.
RESUMO
Inflammatory proteins activate platelets, which have been observed to be directly related to cancer progression and development. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the possible association between Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and cancer (diagnostic capacity of MPV, relation to survival, the severity of the disease, and metastasis). A literature review was performed in the online database PubMed and Google Scholar for the period of 2010-2022. In total, 83 studies including 21,034 participants with 12 different types of cancer (i.e., gastric cancer, colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, renal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, gallbladder cancer, and multiple myeloma) were identified. The role of MPV has been extensively investigated in several types of cancer, such as gastric, colon, breast, and lung cancer, while few data exist for other types, such as renal, gallbladder cancer, and multiple myeloma. Most studies in gastric, breast, endometrium, thyroid, and lung cancer documented an elevated MPV in cancer patients. Data were less clear-cut for esophageal, ovarian, and colon cancer, while reduced MPV was observed in renal cell carcinoma and gallbladder cancer. Several studies on colon cancer (4 out of 6) and fewer on lung cancer (4 out of 10) indicated an unfavorable role of increased MPV regarding mortality. As far as other cancer types are concerned, fewer studies were conducted. MPV can be used as a potential biomarker in cancer diagnosis and could be a useful tool for the optimization of treatment strategies. Possible underlying mechanisms between cancer and MPV are discussed. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of MPV in cancer progression and metastasis.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Colo , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Mieloma Múltiplo , Feminino , Humanos , Volume Plaquetário MédioRESUMO
An epidemiological study was conducted among 1728 10-12-year-old students (55.1% girls) and their parents during 2014-2016 in Greece. This study aimed to identify the dominant clusters of physical activity/sedentariness among preadolescents and investigate their association with self-reported sources of stress. Children's physical activity levels and sources of stress were evaluated using validated questionnaires that assessed daily hours of activities, both on weekdays and on weekends, including physical activity, screen-based sedentary time, and non-screen-based sedentary time. The k-means algorithm of cluster analysis was applied. Three clusters of children's physical activity/sedentariness were revealed. Cluster 1 was characterized as "Inactive-Non sedentary", cluster 2 as "Active -Non-screen sedentary", and cluster 3 as "Inactive-Sedentary". Parental needs/expectations were associated with physical activity patterns (p = 0.009), i.e., children assigned to the third and second clusters had 36% and 51% lower odds to be stressed due to parental requirements [(OR for cluster 3 = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.41-0.99), (OR for cluster 2 = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.32-0.76)], compared with their first-cluster counterparts. Considering the need to promote physical activity in early life stages, the identification of these complex activity-related patterns along with their significant interaction with parental expectations as a cause of stress could enhance the effectiveness of targeted behavior change interventions among those parent-child dyads most in need.
RESUMO
The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is high along with the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among children and adolescents. The present study sought to investigate the synergetic effect of soft drinks and sweet/salty snacks consumption, and the moderating role of obesity on preadolescents' emotions and behavior. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1728 Greek preadolescents aged 10-12 and their parents, during the school years 2014-2016. Parental and child characteristics were collected anonymously, through self-administered and validated questionnaires. Among others, soft drinks and sweet/salty snacks consumption was recorded, classifying preadolescents as low or at least moderate consumers, while anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI)) were also recorded. Approximately 6 out of 10 preadolescents were characterized by at least moderate consumption of either sweet/salty snacks, or soft drinks, while 22.7% of the participants had at least moderate consumption of both soft drinks and sweet/salty snacks. Boys and preadolescents with a lower level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, as well as those living in a more obesogenic family environment were more likely to be in the higher consumption groups. When compared to just either the moderate consumption of sweet/salty snacks, or the moderate consumption of soft drinks, the combination of both unhealthy eating habits was associated with significantly higher odds of both aggressiveness and loneliness, while the examined relationships were significantly stronger in overweight/obese children. The positive synergistic effect of soft drinks and sweet/salty snacks consumption on preadolescents' emotions of loneliness and aggressive behavior is even burdened by obesity status highlighting the urgent need for policymakers to take preventive measures to halt the detrimental consequences of UPFs consumption on health outcomes, particularly in overweight/obese children. The importance of the improvement of children's unhealthy eating habits by emphasizing the association between food intake and emotional and behavioral status is highlighted.
RESUMO
The aim of the present work was two-fold. Firstly, to evaluate the association between the consumption of ultra-processed beverages (UPB) on preadolescents' likelihood of being obese. Secondly, to investigate the potential impact of family and school environmental stressors on this unhealthy lifestyle habit. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1718 Greek preadolescents and their parents, during the school years 2014 to 2016. Parental and child characteristics were collected anonymously, through self-administered and validated questionnaires. Among others, UPB consumption (soft and flavored drinks) was recorded, classifying children as low, moderate, or high consumers, while anthropometric characteristics [height, body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI)] were also recorded. Almost seven out of ten preadolescents were classified as at least moderate UPB consumers, while approximately three out of ten were classified as high UPB consumers. Higher UPB consumption was associated with significantly higher levels of BMI, while preadolescents living in a more stressful family and school environment were found to consume significantly higher amounts of UPB. Stakeholders should implement programs that raise awareness among parents and teachers about the sources of stress in preadolescence as a potential "triggering factor" of unhealthy dietary preferences.
RESUMO
Background: Although the literature suggests that skipping breakfast, insufficient sleep, and reduced physical activity are associated with childhood obesity their co-influence and their in-between interactions on weight status have rarely been studied. Aim: To examine the co-influence of breakfast eating habits, sleep duration, and physical activity on the weight status of children 10-12 years old from several schools of Greece. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1688 students in Greece, during 2014-2016. Children's Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated and classified according to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) classification. Logistic regression models and path analysis were used. Results: Overweight/obesity prevalence was higher in boys (32.5% vs. 20.4%; p < 0.001). Average sleep duration decreased the odds of overweight/obesity [OR (95% CI): 0.86 (0.76, 0.97)] independently of the frequency of breakfast habit. Interaction between sleep duration with breakfast habit (p = 0.002) and physical activity (p < 0.001) was observed. Path analysis showed a negative association of BMI with sleep duration (standardized beta = -0.095, p < 0.001). A third-order interaction between breakfast habit, sleep duration, and physical activity revealed that daily breakfast eating along with adequate sleep and moderate/adequate physical activity levels, decreased the odds of over-weight/obesity by 55% [OR 0.45, 95% CI (0.27, 0.72)]. Conclusion: Although sleep duration is inversely associated with weight status independently of breakfast habit, the co-influence of adequate sleep duration with frequent breakfast eating and moderate/adequate physical activity seems to be a profoundly higher associated as a result of synergy against childhood obesity.
Assuntos
Obesidade Infantil , Masculino , Humanos , Criança , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Obesidade Infantil/etiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Desjejum , Duração do Sono , Comportamento Alimentar , Exercício Físico , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Epidemiológicos , HábitosRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of environmental influences on Greek preadolescents' junk food consumption. A cross-sectional study, was conducted among 1718 preadolescents (mean (standard deviation(SD)) age: 11.2(0.8) years old; 54% girls) and their parents, during the school years 2014-2016. Parental and child characteristics were collected anonymously, through self-administered and validated questionnaires. Among others, junk food consumption was recorded, classifying children as low, moderate, and high consumers. The majority of the preadolescents were classified as at least moderate junk food consumers, while almost 3/10 children were classified as high junk food consumers. A significantly lower junk food consumption was observed among preadolescents with a healthier family environment, consisting of normal-weight parents who consume junk foods less frequently, prefer home-cooked meals and adhere more to the Mediterranean diet, while more frequent family meals were also associated with lower junk food consumption. In addition, influence from teachers and participation in extracurricular sports activities were significantly associated with lower junk food consumption, while advertisements were found to have a significant negative impact on preadolescents' eating habits. Notwithstanding, peers were not found to influence their dietary choices in terms of junk food consumption. Both parents and teachers seem to be positive influencers on preadolescents' low junk food consumption. The detrimental role of advertisements on junk food consumption is reconfirmed, while peers' influence is not significant on junk food consumption. The need for urgent public health initiatives for the promotion of healthy dietary habits among preadolescents is warranted.
RESUMO
Over the last few decades, childhood overweight and obesity tend to reach epidemic proportions. The present study aimed to examine whether the composition of breakfast, through the prism of its macronutrient content, could play a part in the development of excess body weight in children. A sample of 1728 Greek students from 47 primary schools was enrolled for the purposes of this study. Their weight and height were measured and their Body Mass Index was calculated and classified according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Their dietary habits, breakfast foods of choice, and physical activity were assessed through the use of a self-completed questionnaire. Further assessment of breakfast composition was carried out in order to evaluate its macronutrient content. Initial analysis, which was only energy-adjusted, showed a negative association between body weight and breakfast protein content and a positive association for lipid content. After further adjustment for age, sex, level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical activity, there was a significant negative association between breakfast protein and excess body weight in children (p = 0.029), as well as a significant positive association of breakfast lipid content (p = 0.028). Breakfast macronutrient content seems to have an effect on body composition in children, independently of overall adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical activity, however further research is needed in order to elucidate potential pathways.
RESUMO
Milk consumption contributes greatly to children's diet, playing a pivotal role in the development and structure of bones and the functioning of the musculoskeletal system and the heart. This study investigated the association between the type of milk and childhood overweight/obesity. In the school period 2014-2016, 1728 students aged 10-12 years and their parents participated. The measurement and classification of their weight status were performed through the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force. Among others, the type of milk consumption was recorded. Four categories of the type of milk children consumed were classified (white milk, chocolate milk, both types of milk, and no milk at all). Children consuming only white milk were 33.1% less likely to be overweight/obese in comparison with children who were not consuming milk at all [OR (95% CI): 0.669 (0.516, 0.867), p = 0.002]. The consumption of chocolate milk showed a protective role against childhood overweight/obesity although its association was not consistently significant. This study highlights the significant contribution of milk (and particularly of white milk) consumption to weight management, and thus its promotion should be consistently encouraged. More studies are needed to shed light on the effects of different dairy foods on weight status in childhood.
RESUMO
Given the evidence on how stress affects weight status in children, this research examined this association among Greek students aged 10−12 years old. Overall, 1452 children and their parents from several urban areas participated in an observational study conducted during the period 2014−2016. Participants completed validated questionnaires. International Obesity Task Force guidelines were used for children's weight status classification. Descriptive statistics and nested logistic regression models were used. Multivariate correspondence analysis was also used to construct a score to evaluate the children's stress levels. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 27%. More than 80% of the children appeared to have a medium or high level of stress, mainly due to the school environment. School-related stress increased the odds of obesity in children. The association between stress and overweight/obesity status showed a consistent trend (adjusted odds ratios varied from 1.44 to 1.52, p-values < 0.01). Children's weight status was associated with several school-related stressors. Although the school environment may play an aggravating role in the weight status of children, family plays a catalyst role in this direction. Therefore, actions have to be promoted in the school community so that children become more health literate on a public health level.
RESUMO
Adding extra sugars in milk and the moderating effect of sleep has yet to be investigated, setting the aim of this study. A total of 1361 school-aged children were included, aged 10−12 years old, by randomly sampling schools. Data were interview-obtained by trained personnel using a validated 17-item food frequency questionnaire, with specifics on type of milk and extra sugar additions. Analyses were stratified by average recommended hours of sleep. Predictive probability margins were obtained following necessary adjustments. Mean BMI was significantly lower, the level of SSB intake was higher, and the prevalence of adding sugars to milk four or more times per week was higher in children that slept ≥10 h. Most children (64%) consumed full fat milk, 21% had low fat, and 19.7% chocolate milk, with a significantly larger proportion of overweight or obese children consuming full fat or chocolate milk, also adding extra sugars four or more times per week (4.1% compared to 9.6%, and 12.2% compared to 39.5%, respectively). The predictive probability of being overweight or obese exponentially increased for children consuming >0.5 SSB/day while also adding sugars to their milk frequently, although this effect remained significant only for children sleeping <10 h/day. In conclusion, to accurately address the effect of SSBs on children's body weight, frequency of any type of sugar addition in milk should be accounted for, as well as average sleep hours that may further moderate the effect.
RESUMO
This study examined the association between breastfeeding, type of childbirth, and family structure with childhood obesity. During 2014-2016, 1728 Greek students attending primary schools and their parents were enrolled. Children's weight status was measured and classified according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria. A self-administered questionnaire assessing the type of childbirth, the family structure, and several perinatal and demographic characteristics was used. Factors associated with higher breastfeeding rates were the type of childbirth, high maternal educational level, and nuclear family structure. No association was found between childhood obesity and type of childbirth (p = 0.64) and family structure (p = 0.26). Although the short-term beneficial effects of breastfeeding on childhood obesity are undeniable and it is of great importance to all health professionals to promote breastfeeding, no significant long-term effects on obesity in adolescence were observed. More studies are needed in order to elucidate the role of breastfeeding in obesity status in adolescence.
Assuntos
Obesidade Infantil , Adolescente , Índice de Massa Corporal , Aleitamento Materno , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Sobrepeso , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Obesidade Infantil/etiologia , GravidezRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Thyroxine is essential for nervous system development. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), also known as mild thyroid failure, is associated with impaired cognitive function in children and mood disorders in adults. Serotonin is also involved in brain development as well as in mood and behavior modulation. The possible interaction between thyroid function tests, serum serotonin concentrations, and emotional intelligence (EI) was studied. METHODS: A total of 224 schoolchildren from the Peloponnese, Greece, aged 11-19, were included in the study, of whom 26.3% had SCH. Emotional quotients (EQ), such as well-being, self-control, emotionality, and sociability, were assessed using the TEIQue-ASF questionnaire, and TSH, fT4, and serum serotonin concentrations were also evaluated. RESULTS: Children and adolescents with SCH had a lower EQ total score (p < 0.001), EQ well-being score (p = 0.025), EQ self-control score (p = 0.029), EQ emotionality score (p = 0.029), and EQ sociability score (p = 0.010) and lower serum serotonin concentrations (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with SCH exhibited lower EI scores and lower serum serotonin concentrations when compared with age-matched healthy controls.
Assuntos
Inteligência Emocional , Hipotireoidismo , Serotonina , Tireotropina , Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Serotonina/sangue , Tireotropina/sangue , Tiroxina , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Children's health literacy is a crucial pillar of health. This study is aimed to examine the association between health literacy and weight status among Greek schoolchildren aged 10 to 12 years old. A population-based, cross-sectional observational study enrolling 1,728 students (795 boys), aged 10 to 12 years old, was conducted during school years 2014-2016. A health literacy index (range 0-100) was created through an item response theory hybrid model, by combining a variety of beliefs and perceptions of children about health. The mean health literacy score was 70.4 (±18.7). The majority of children (63.8%) had a "high" level (i.e., >67/100) of health literacy, 30.5% had a "medium" level (i.e., 34-66/100) of health literacy, while a small proportion of children (5.7%) had a "low" level (i.e., <33/100). Girls exhibited a higher level of health literacy than boys (71.7 ± 18.3 vs. 68.8 ± 19.1, p < .01). Regarding body weight status, 21.7% of children was overweight and 5.0% was obese. Linear regression models showed that the health literacy score was inversely associated with children's body mass index (regression coefficient [95% CI]: -0.010 [-0.018, -0.001]), after adjusting for dietary habits, physical activity levels, and other potential confounders. Health literacy seems to be a dominant characteristic of children's weight status; therefore, school planning, as well as public health policy actions should emphasize on the ability of children's capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information.
Assuntos
Letramento em Saúde , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Grécia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/epidemiologiaRESUMO
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nutritional habits, lifestyle, anxiety, and coping strategies. BACKGROUND: Anxiety is an underestimated and often undiagnosed subclinical disorder that burdens the general public of modern societies and increases illness suscentibility. METHODS: The study group consisted of 693 individuals living in Peloponnese, Greece. A standardized questionnaire that consists of the dietary habits and lifestyle questionnaire, the trait Anxiety STAI-X-2 questionnaire and the brief-COPE questionnaire, was used. Principal components analysis identified the factors from the questionnaires, and stepwise multivariate regression analysis investigated their relationships. RESULTS: Weekly consumption of fruits, tomatoes, salads and lettuce, together with Εmotional/Ιnstrumental support, Denial/Behavioural disengagement, substance use and self-blame, was the most important predictors of anxiety scores. Positive reframing/Humour and Acceptance/Planning are also associated with the Positive STAI factor and decreased anxiety scores. CONCLUSION: Healthy nutritional habits, comprised of consumption of salads and fruits, together with adaptive coping strategies, such as Positive reframing/Humour and Active problem solving, may provide the most profound improvement in the anxiety levels of a healthy population in Peloponnese, Greece.